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Infection and immunity > MMR > Flashcards

MMR Flashcards

0
Q

What family does rubella belong to?

A

Togavirus Family

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1
Q

What family do mumps and rubella belong to?

A

Paramyxovirus Family

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2
Q

What are 3 examples of neglected diseases?

A

Dengue
Leprosy
Rabies

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3
Q

What are 5 common features of neglected diseases?

A 
Affect populations with little political voice 
Do not travel widely 
Neglected research area 
Can be eliminated 
Cause stigma and discrimination
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4
Q

How is dengue transmitted?

A

Mosquito vector

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5
Q

Where is dengue often found?

A

Urban poor areas but can occur all over deprived countries

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6
Q

What fold increase has dengue experienced in the past 50 years?

A

30x

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of dengue?

A 
Sudden high fever
Sore bones 
Myalgia (sore muscles)
Feeling sick
Chills
Abdominal bleeding
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8
Q

What regions are dengue found in?

A

Tropical and sub tropical

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9
Q

How can dengue be controlled?

A

Vector control methods

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10
Q

How many countries does rabies have a presence in?

A

150

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11
Q

How many people die of rabies each year?

A

55000

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12
Q

What is one method of reducing rabies related deaths?

A

Post exposure vaccination

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of rabies?

A

Fever
Depression
Painful spasms
Foaming at mouth

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14
Q

What virus is rabies caused by?

A

Rhabdovirus

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15
Q

What area of the body does rabies infect?

A

CNS

16
Q

Can transmission of rabies occur between humans

A

No

17
Q

What is the incubation period of rabies?

A

2 to 8 weeks

18
Q

What are chances of survival once symptoms manifest?

A

Extremely low

19
Q

Leprosy

A

A chronic infectious disease caused by a acid fast rod bacterium

20
Q

What is the incubation period of leprosy?

A

About 5 years

Symptoms can take up to 20 years to develop

21
Q

How is leprosy transmitted?

A

Via droplets from the nose and mouth

22
Q

What treatment is used against leprosy?

A

MDT consists of 3 drugs and cures leprosy

23
Q

What success has leprosy achieved?

A

Disease has dropped 90% since 2000
No resistance has developed
Current efforts target endemic levels in remaining countries

24
Q

Examples of emerging diseases?

A

Ebola
Aids
Hep C

25
Q

What factors favour eradication?

A

Only infects humans
No carries
Few serotypes
Good vaccine

26
Q

What are possible reasons for emergence?

A

Change in lifestyle
Increased population with lower immunity
Political upheaval (war)

Infection and immunity (12 decks)

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