Mitral Regurgitation Flashcards
1
Q
Identify four risk factors for mitral regurgitation
A
- Mitral valve prolapse
- History of rheumatic heart disease
- Infective endocarditis
- History of MI
2
Q
Identify three clinical features of mitral regurgitation
A
- Dyspnoea on exertion
- Decreased exercise tolerance
- Fatigue
- Oedema
- Ascites
3
Q
Identify three findings on auscultation
A
- Soft first heart sound
- Pansystolic murmur
- Third heart sound
- Mid-systolic click
- Crepitations
4
Q
Identify three findings on 12-lead ECG
A
- Bifid P waves
- Deep S waves in V1
- Tall R waves in V6
5
Q
What is the role of TTE?
A
- Identify structural and flow abnormalities
6
Q
What is the role of TTE and colour flow doppler
A
- Grade severity
7
Q
Identify three differential diagnoses of mitral regurgitation
A
- ACS
- Infective endocarditis
- Mitral stenosis
- Aortic stenosis
- Atrial myxoma
8
Q
Identify two criteria for mitral valve repair or replacement
A
- Severe symptoms
- Left ventricular ejection fraction < 30%
9
Q
Identify a preoperative medication t control pulmonary congestion
A
- Furosemide
10
Q
Identify two medical treatments for patients with minor symptoms
A
- ACE inhibitor (ramipril)
- Beta blocker (atenolol)
