Mitral Regurgitation Flashcards
1
Q
what is it
A
back flow of blood through mitral valve due to floppy valves
do not close properly
pan systolic murmur
2
Q
what are the symptoms
A
breathless ankle swelling palpitations orthopnoea fatigue
3
Q
what are signs
A
displaced apex and systolic thrill
maximal at apex and radiates to axilla
prominent 3rd HS
4
Q
what causes it
A
rheumatic heart disease (mitral valve most affected)
Myxomatous degeneration
endocarditis
chordae rupture
5
Q
how is it diagnosed
A
auscultation
echo
ECG
6
Q
what is the surgical treatment
A
valve replacement
percutaneous mitral valve repair
7
Q
what is the medical therapy
A
loop diuretic (furosemide) and ACEI (lisinopril, ramipril, enalapril)
8
Q
what are the complications
A
heart failure
AF
endocarditis
pulmonary hypertension
