Mitosis Flashcards
The process in which the replicated chromosomes of a cell are separated into two new nuclei.
Mitosis
The process in which the cytoplasm of a cell splits.
Cytokinesis
What are the four phases of the cell cycle?
Growth Phase 1, Synthesis, Growth Phase 2, & the Mitotic Phase
The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows rapidly, performs routine metabolic processes, and begins making preparations to divide.
Growth Phase 1
The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell replicates its DNA.
Synthesis
The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows some more, & makes the final preparations to divide.
Growth Phase 2
The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell divides.
Mitotic Phase
The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell does not divide or prepare to divide. It simply does regulatory & basic cell functions.
Resting Phase
A disease which occurs when the cell cycle is unregulated.
Cancer
A mechanism in which the cell self-destructs when certain conditions are met.
Apoptosis
What regulates the cell cycle?
Proteins
The repeating sequence of events which occurs during a cell’s lifetime.
Cell Cycle
What can cause cancer?
DNA being damaged
The phase of mitosis in which spindle fibres appear & attach to the centromeres of the cell’s chromosomes.
Prophase
The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes are aligned along the equator of the cell.
Metaphase
The phase of mitosis in which the spindle fibres break apart the double-stranded chromosomes into single stranded chromosomes.. These single stranded chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.
Anaphase
The phase of mitosis in which the the nuclear membrane & nucleolus reform. The chromosomes change back into the chromatin state, while the spindle fibres and asters break down.
Telophase
What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant cells & animal cells?
Cytokinesis in animal cells involves a cleavage furrow, whereas the cytokinesis in plant cells does not.
Which checkpoint evaluates the cell’s growth, health of the DNA, & the amount of material within the cell?
G1 Checkpoint
Which checkpoint evaluates the quality of the replicated DNA, the cell’s growth, & the amount of material within the cell?
G2 Checkpoint
Which checkpoint evaluates the positioning of the chromosomes relative to the equatorial line of the cell, as well as whether or not the chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibres correctly?
M Checkpoint
