Mitochondria II Flashcards
_______ is a major source of ATP in animal cells
The ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi coupled to electron transfer from NADH
ATP synthase is located in the _______ consists of _______
- inner membrane
- 2 main parts F1 and F0
the synthesis of ATP
using ATP synthase, a proton gradient and electric potential directly make ATP
F1 and F0
spans the inner mitochondira membrane and form a proton channel. F1 is bound to F0. F0 uses the energy of the H+ movement through the channel to generate ATP
how many protons are needed to generate 1 ATP molecule
3
ATP is transported out of the mitochondria via
ATP-ADP antiporter
cell damage induces _______ of the outer mitochondria membrane, leading to _______ release
- Bak/Bax-dependent permeabilization
- cytochrome c
cytochrome c binds to several cytoplasmic proteins forming
protein complex called n apoptosome
the apoptosome activates ______, this initiating
- cascases
- apoptosis
during ischemic injury, mito also promotes ______, resulting in ______, resulting in ______
- necrotic cell death
- MPTP-dependent permeabilization of the inner and outer mitochondria membranes
- cytochrome release and elimination of the H+ gradient
lack of protein gradient blocks ______ and lack of H+ gradient causes _______
- ATP production
- ATP synthase to be converted to ATPase (thus using up all available ATP)
damaged mitochondria generates _______, causing ______
- excessive amounts of reactive oxygen
- cell damage and senescence by oxidating various other cellular proteins, lipids and DNA
what are responsible for recognizing and degrading misfolded proteins?
-mitochondrial proteases such as mAAA, iAAA and Lon
damaged mito can be “fixed” by ______ or eliminated by _______
- fusing with health mito
- mitophagy
if mito damage is extensive
mitochondira induces apoptotic cell death
