Miscellaneous articles 2018-2020 Flashcards
Plasma ammonia concentration after L-asparaginase therapy in 27 dogs with high-grade lymphoma or leukemia
jvecc 2018
Subclinical hyperammonemia in dogs w/ lymphoma or leukemia is after L-spar is common
How?
- Asparagine deaminated by asparaginase into ammonia + aspartic acid –> ammonia accumulate in plasma
- Asparaginase also has glutaminase activity to metabolize glutamine into glutamic acid + ammonia
Serum myoglobin, creatine kinase, and cell-free DNA in endurance sled dogs and sled dogs with clinical rhabdomyolysis
jvecc 2018
- cfDNA is not a useful biomarker compared to myoglobin and CK
- exertional rhabdomyolysis occurs early in endurance activities
- dogs w/ Cx had highest myoglobin and CK
Comparison of pentobarbital-phenytoin alone vs propofol prior to pentobarbital-phenytoin for euthanasia in 436 client-owned dogs.
Jessica M Bullock, Travis M Lanaux, and Justin W Shmalberg. jvecc 2019
Propofol reduced the incidence of muscle activity but no diff. in likelihood of adverse event with or without propofol
Assessment of hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for emesis induction in cats.
Michael R Nystrom et al jvecc 2019
Dexmed 7 mcg/kg IM or hydromorphone 0.1 mg/kg SQ
Hydromorphone more successful than dexmed (75% vs 58%) AND less sedation and less decr in HR
Hydro caused mild elevation in temp
Immediate effect of transmucosal application of corn syrup or 50% dextrose solution on blood glucose concentrations in healthy dogs.
Rhonda L Holt, et al jvecc 2019
Sig. effect found 15 mins after application of 50% dextrose
supports use of parenteral dextrose in severely hypoglycemic pets
Retrospective evaluation of the severity of and prognosis associated with potassium abnormalities in dogs and cats presenting to an emergency room (January 2014-August 2015): 2441 cases.
Sabrina N Hoehne, et al jvecc 2019
Overall UNCOMMON:
- hypoK –> GI
- hyperK –> urinary tract
HypoK (dogs) and hyperK (Dogs and cats) had greater mortality than normoK
Mild hypoK and hyperK DOGS had higher mortality
Etiology and prognosis for dogs with abnormal blood glucose concentrations evaluated in an emergency room
hagley jvecc 2020
Hyperglycemia more common, associated w/ GI dz, trauma, cancer, resp dz – stress response?
Hypoglycemia (9%)- sepsis, GI dz, neoplasia
Dogs in shock/hyperlactatemia had higher BG than normal dogs
Mortality rate higher in those w/ dysglycemia.
Evaluation of the effects of hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) administration as a constant rate infusion on plasma colloid osmotic pressure in hypoalbuminemic dogs
Antonio Borrelli et al jvecc 2020
Gave HES in addition to crystalloids at 1 vs 2 mL/kg/hr to support COP
No diff in plasma COP b/w the two doses for 24h
Prospective evaluation of the influence of sampling method on bacterial culture results and antimicrobial selection in 52 dogs with infected wounds
Concannon et al jvecc 2020
diry swab (prior to prep), clean swab (after debridement + lavage), and bx samples
50/52 had +ve culture
Sampling technique didn’t affect population of wounds w/ anaerobic, g-ve, or MDR bacteria
-Overall # of g+ve recovery was lower for bx compared to clean or dry swab
Intestinal lymphoma in dogs: 84 cases (1997–2012)
Naoko Sogame javma 2018
MST 62 days
US: wall thickening with loss of layering and presence of ≥ 1 discrete mass
Anorexia and septic peritonitis were associated with poor prognosis.
Comparison of thoracic duct ligation plus subphrenic pericardiectomy with or without cisterna chyli ablation for treatment of idiopathic chylothorax in cats
Stephen L. Stockdale javma 2018
Adding CCA to TDL + SPC prolonged surgery time without improvement in outcome
Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of cytologic examination of renal fine-needle aspirates from dogs and the use of ultrasonographic features to inform cytologic diagnosis
Camille A. McAloney, javma 2018
Renal FNA specimens were adequate for interpretation at rates comparable with those reported for other organs and were considered clinically useful for diagnosis of neoplasia.
Sensitivity for detecting LSA was 100%
Clinical findings and outcomes for dogs with uveodermatologic syndrome
Mitzi K. Zarfoss, javma 2018
UDS commonly resulted in glaucoma, vision loss, or both in affected dogs.
No evaluated factor was associated with visual prognosis
UDS =immune-mediated damage to melanin-laden tissues
-bilateral panuveitis with pigment dispersion within the anterior chamber of the eye, retinal detachment, response to immunosuppressive treatment, and breed (Akita»_space;> Siberian Huskies and Samoyeds)
Effect of refrigeration of clinical canine urine samples on quantitative bacterial culture
Mark J. Acierno javma 2018
Canine urine samples collected for bacterial culture should be immediately submitted for testing.
CFU counts for refrigerated and immediately processed samples were statistically similar
Sample refrigeration in enrichment broth resulted in imperfect sensitivity for UTI detection and is not recommended.
Acute masticatory muscle compartmental syndrome in a dog
Megan T. Cray javma 2018
Acute compartmental syndrome should be considered as a differential diagnosis for dogs with a sudden onset of severe skeletal muscle swelling, signs of pain, and dysfunction.
Findings for this dog with acute compartmental syndrome isolated to the masticatory muscles suggested that emergent fasciotomy followed by medical management may be an effective tx
Development and evaluation of a formula to correct blood glucose concentration measurements in hemodiluted and hemoconcentrated feline blood samples tested by use of a veterinary point-of-care glucometer
Lane javma 2019
POCglucose and labglucose didn’t correlate well in anemic or hemoconcentrated samples
Corrected POCgluc = POCgluc + ([1.17 × PCV] – 50.2).
Analysis of outcomes following treatment of craniodorsal hip luxation with closed reduction and Ehmer sling application in dogs
Schlag JAVMA 2019
Ehmer slings from craniodorsal hip lux had low success rate (56%) and high complication rate (18%)
-superficial pyoderma, pressure necrosis wound, urine scale, edema @ distal part of affected limb
Those who had traumatic hip lux and w/ polytrauma had higher reluxation risk
Comparison of complications and outcome following unilateral, staged bilateral, and single-stage bilateral ventral bulla osteotomy in cats
JAVMa 2019
Staged bilateral VBO is recommended over single-staged bilateral VBO in middle ear dz
-single-staged more likely to have resp complications + sx-related death
Horners, head tilt and facial nerve paralysis more likely to persist in those who had signs pre-op.
Prevalence of malignancy in masses from the mammary gland region of dogs with single or multiple masses
John Litterine-Kaufman JAVMA 2019
Having multiple mammary masses wasn’t more likely to be malignant compared to a single mass
Lower malignant prevalence in 4th mammary gland
Complications and outcomes associated with unilateral thyroidectomy in dogs with naturally occurring thyroid tumors: 156 cases (2003–2015)
Jennifer K. Reagan JAVMA 2019
20% complication: hemorrhage (periop) and aspiration pneumonia (post-op)
1.9% mortality rate
long-term MST is good (911d)
Clinical characteristics, classification, and surgical outcome for kittens with phimosis: 8 cases (2009–2017)
Annemarieke de Vlaming javma 2019
Cx: stranguria, marked preputial swelling, small or inevident preputial orifice
Tx: circumferential preputioplasty for type 1 and PU for type 2
No signs of recurrence 1.4 year out
Randomized, controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of antimicrobial-impregnated suture on the incidence of surgical site infections in dogs and cats
Kelley M. Thieman Mankin javma 2020
Overall 5.8% developed SSI
No difference b/e suture type
Incr SSI rate associated with:
- incision length > 10 cm
- Sx done by STS
- Ax > 240 min
Intracanalicular injection of N-acetylcysteine as adjunctive treatment for sialoceles in dogs: 25 cases (2000-2017)
Ángel Ortillés, javma 2020
Zygomatic > parotid > mandibular glands; mostly unilateral
NAC instilled with LA
Maybe a useful adjunct tx for sialoceles
No complications
Incidence of and associated factors for bacterial colonization of intravenous catheters removed from dogs in response to clinical complications
Pedro Jose Guzmán Ramos, jvim 2018
Bacterial colonization rate of 39.6%
Higher IVC placed by students and use of NSAID
Acinetobacter spp. most commonly isolated
NEJM 2018
SALT-ED: Balanced crystalloids vs saline in NCI adults
No difference in hospital free days
NEJM 2018
SMART: Balanced crystalloids vs saline in CI adults
Use of balanced crystalloids resulted in lower rate of all-cause death, new RRT or persistent renal dysfunction
Prevalence and disease associations in feline thrombocytopenia: a retrospective study of 194 cases
J. Ellis JSAP 2018
Prevalence 5.9%
Hematological/infectious dz or cancer
uncommon for immune-mediated and not associated w/ retroviral infections
Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of trazodone following rectal administration of a single dose to healthy dogs
Erica M. O’Donnell AJVR 2020
8mg/kg PR
Sedation max at 30-60 min
Parenterally administered vancomycin in 29 dogs and 7 cats (2003-2017).
Ian M DeStefano jvim2019
Bacteria tx: Enterococcus, MRSA, MRSP
AKI occurred in 16% of patients
Only 2/36 really needed vancomycin
**Telmisartan
Glaus jvim 2019: Efficacy of long-term oral telmisartan treatment in cats with hypertension
Coleman jvim: safety and efficacy of orally administered telmisartan for the treatment of systemic hypertension in cats
Lourenco jvim 2020: Telmisartan for renal proteinuria
Glaus + Coleman: Telmisartan was effective at reducing systolic arterial BP in range of 160-200 mmHg
Lourenco; Among persistently proteinuric dogs, telmisartan did better. Combo therapy caused azotemia in 31% dogs
Clinicopathological findings in 41 dogs (2008-2018) naturally infected with Ehrlichia ewingii.
Barbara A Qurollo jvim 2019
- *Granulocytic ehrlichiosis (CGE), caused by E. ewingii
- *Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), caused by E. canis.
Renal disease, IMHA, proteinuria, neutrophilia, abnormal lymphocytes, and ELE = common
Cx: joint pain
Incidence and risk factors associated with development of clinical cardiotoxicity in dogs receiving doxorubicin.
Briana E Hallman jvim 2019
4% developed cardiotoxicity
Factors: Higher cumulative dose, higher BW, decr FS after 5 doses, and development of VPCs
High risk breeds for DCM had 15.4% incidence vs low-risk breed at 3%
Evaluation of a low-dose desoxycorticosterone pivalate treatment protocol for long-term management of dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism.
Nadia S Sieber-Ruckstuhl jvim 2019
1.5 mg/kg DOCP is usually effective at controlling lytes changes (compared to previously used 2.2 mg/kg)
Young and growing animals may need higher doses
Lispro insulin and electrolyte supplementation for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in cats.
Jodie D Anderson jvim 2019
Lipro shown to resolve hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis faster in DKA dogs compared to regular insulin
IVCRI insulin dose of 0.09 U/kg/h (prepared by adding 2.2 U/kg/240 mL bag of 0.9% NaCl)
Less overall risk of hypoglycemia
0.9%NaCl is a safe and effective fluid resuscitation option
Membrane-based therapeutic plasma exchange in dogs: Prescription, anticoagulation, and metabolic response.
Thierry Francey and Ariane Schweighauser. jvim 2019
Decreased TP, fibrinogen, bilirubin, BUN and Cr
Citrate accumulation was seen in all - more pronounced with renal impairment
Complications occurred in 34% (hemorrhage, thrombotic, hypocalcemia-related)
Usage patterns of carbapenem antimicrobials in dogs and cats at a veterinary tertiary care hospital.
Alison Smith, jvim 2019
80% had C&S performed and de-escalation only in 12%
Avg use 27d (way too long)
Resistance to >3 ABX (MDR) was found in 50% of isolates
Resistance to carbapenem in 3% of isolates
Differences in clinicopathologic variables between Borrelia C6 antigen seroreactive and Borrelia C6 seronegative glomerulopathy in dogs.
Moria A Borys, jvim 2019
Lyme nephritis more likely to have were thrombocytopenia, azotemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, glucosuria, hematuria, and pyuria
Histopath= IMGN
C6 seroreactivity associated w/ clinicopathologically distinct syndrome compared to other types of PLN
Accuracy of a flash glucose monitoring system in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis
Eleonora Malerba jvim 2020
FreeStyle Libre
It didn’t fulfill ISO requirements but provided clinically accurate BG in dogs with DKA
No affected by ketones, BCS
Clinical relevance of splenic nodules or heterogeneous splenic parenchyma assessed by cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle samples in 125 dogs (2011‐2015)
Igor Yankin jvim 2020
Splenic FNA obtained clinically relevant dx in 20% of dogs
Larger nodule, # of targetoid lesions and presence of peritoneal effusion incr likelihood of detecting important dz
Long‐term outcome of cats with acquired myasthenia gravis without evidence of a cranial mediastinal mass
Thomas Mignan jvim 2020
All had good outcome
4/8 didn’t need tx
Safety of percutaneous ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of adrenal lesions in dogs: Perception of the procedure by radiologists and presentation of 50 cases
Pascaline Pey jvim 2020
US-guided FNA of adrenal glands -vely perceived by radiologist but can be safely performed
8% complications- hemorrhage and 1 death
Role of electrolyte abnormalities and unmeasured anions in the metabolic acid‐base abnormalities in dogs with parvoviral enteritis
Richard K. Burchell jvim 2020
Met acidosis + concurrent resp alkalosis most common
HypoNa, hypoCl, and Atot acidosis (elevated globulins + increased UA) were most common
Incidence of postoperative complications and outcome of 48 dogs undergoing surgical management of insulinoma
Isaac Del Busto et al jvim 2020
Higher stage of dz and post-op hypoglycemia associated w/ relapse and decr survival
19% developed DM post-op
Outcome and treatments of dogs with aortic thrombosis: 100 cases (1997‐2014)
Mackenzie Ruehl et al jvim 2020
Dz: PLN, neoplasia, steroid admin, endocrine dz, infection
57% survived to discharge
Ambulation status @ presentation correlated to survival to discharge
Comparison between a flash glucose monitoring system and a portable blood glucose meter for monitoring dogs with diabetes mellitus
Francesca Del Baldo jvim 2020
freestyle liber vs portal BG monitoring
FGMS allowed better identification of NADIR and hypoglycemic episodes
Reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and vitamin E concentrations in dogs with hemolytic or nonhemolytic anemia
Andrew D. Woolcock jvim 2020
*Oxidative stress is present in anemic dogs.
- anemic dog lower GSH
- hemolytic dogs had higher GSH than non-hemolytic
- ROS detected IN ALL but no diff in concentration b/w groups, same for vit E
Clinical outcomes in dogs with localized splenic histiocytic sarcoma treated with splenectomy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy
Max Latifi Jvim 2020
- Histiocytic sarcoma in dogs can manifest as a localized form in the spleen
- 36% had mets @ time
- Tx w/ splenectomy +/- chemo can extend survival
