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Dermatology > Miscellaneous > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Psoriasis

A

2-3% of pop

Cell turnover is reduced from 29 days to 4 days

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2
Q

Psoriasis triggers

A 
Physical trauma (koebner's pnenominon)
Rubbing and scratching
Strep infxn
Meds
Smoking, obesity
Stress
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3
Q

Koebner’s phenomenon

A

Psoriasis plaques that develop at site of skin injury.
1-2 wks after injury
50% will experience this

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4
Q

Psoriasis bimodal age distribution

A

30-40 then 50-70

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5
Q

Psoriasis rash

A

Salmon pink papules and plaques, sharply marginated w/ silvery white scaling.
Scales are loose and easily removed
Scale removal results in small blood droplets (auspitz sign)

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6
Q

Psoriasis distribution

A

Ogten symmetrical

Elbows, knees, intertriginous

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7
Q

Plaque psoriasis

A

Most common, 80% of cases
Slow forming, stable
Well-defined and symmetrical
Knees, scalp, elbows, lower back

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8
Q

Inverse psoriasis

A

Sharply demarcated plaques
Axilla, groin, naval, submammary, palms, soles
No scales like plaque psoriasis
More common in obese

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9
Q

Guttate psoriasis

A

AKA eruptive
Young adults and kids
Many small teardrop shaped erythematous papules scattered diffusely on proximal extremities and trunk

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10
Q

Erythrodermic psoriasis

A 
Affects the whole body
Erythema and scaling from head to toe
Least common
Inflammatory
Itching, pain
High risk of infxn, electrolyte imbalance
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11
Q

Pustular psoriasis

A

Generalized on body
Severe form, acute onset
Pustules with erosions
Malaise, fever, diarrhea, hypocalcemia

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12
Q

Most common precipitating factor for erythrodermic and pustular psoriasis?

A

Withdrawl from systemic steroids

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13
Q

Emollients

A 
Useful in all cases of psoriasis
Hydrate stratum corneum
Softens scales and plaques
Apply BID after bathing while skin is damp
Lubriderm, eucerin
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14
Q

Topical steroids for psoriasis

A

FIrst-line for mild/limited plaque psoriasis

Cannot use for extended periods in high dose

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15
Q

Coal-tar perparations

A

When used alone only as effective as mild to mid potency steroids
Generally used as add-on

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16
Q

Vitamin D Analogues

A

Calcipotriol (Dovonex)
Immune modulation
Mild to mod plaque psoriasis
Cannot use of face/groin

17
Q

PUVA therapy

A

Psoralen and UV-A Light.
Generally has excellent results
Use after mild tx failure

18
Q

Drugs that may exacerbate psoriasis

A

Beta blockers, NSAIDS, lithium, ACE, digoxin

19
Q

Urticaria

A

Hives
immune-mediated skin eruption of well-circumscribed wheals on erythematous base.
IgE mediated

20
Q

Angioedema

A

Hypersensitivity rxn involving deep layers of skin.

Swelling of lips, eyelids, palms, soles, genitals.

21
Q

Urticaria and Angioedema prevelance

A

50% get both
40% only urticaria
10% only angioedema

22
Q

Food and drug induced allergy

A

Tend to be brief
Usually do NOT cause chronic urticaria
May have angioedema

23
Q

Cholinergic urticaria

A

Punctate hives triggered by exercise or hot shower

24
Q

Urt and Angio tx

A

Antihistamines: H1 or H2
Steroids
Epi for anaphylaxis
Half of patients with chronic urticaria are free of lesions in one year

25
Q

Vitaligo

A

Onset early in life, white patches, loss of pigment.
Lesions on face, upper trunk, fingertips, hands, armpits, genitals, perioral, body prominences.
White hair and skin in involved areas.

26
Q

Vitaligo MOA

A

Autoimmune against melanocytes

Occurs in pernicious anemia, hashimotos like alopecia areata

27
Q

Vitaligo tx

A

Topical steroids
Tacrolimus
UVA, UVB

28
Q

Pemphigus

A

Rare, chronic, potentially fatal dz of mucous membranes.

Autoimmune intraepidermal blistering

29
Q

Pemphigus lesion

A

Flaccid bullae that begin of oropharynx, then spread to scalp, face, chest, axillae, groin.
Tender and painful

30
Q

Nikolsky sign

A

Slight rubbing of skin results in sloughing and blister formation.
Seen in Pemphigus

31
Q

Pemphigus tx

A

May require admission for severe dz

Systemic steroids, immunosuppressives

32
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid

A

Chronic, subepidermal blistering cause by autoimmune process.
Exclusively in elderly >60
WIdespread blistering eruption

33
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid lesions

A

Associated urticarial plaques

Tense and fluid filled blisters

34
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid tx

A

High dose oral steroids

35
Q

Epidermoid cyst

A

Sevaceous cyst, infundibular cyst, epidermal cyst.
Most common cutaneous cyst.
Rupture is common, results in painful inflammatory mass.

36
Q

Dermatofibroma

A

Very common, button like nodule
Lesion may be tender
Benign

37
Q

Lipoma

A

Benign tumor of fat cells

Soft, rounded, moveable

Dermatology (10 decks)

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