Misc PIE

Question 1

How many branches are there in PIE - Name them

Answer 1

10 Branches,

Anatolian, Albanian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Greek, Indo-Iranian, Italic, Tocharian.

Question 2

Name 2 of the Anatolian branches

Answer 2

Hittite and Luvian

Question 3

Name a Balto-Slavic branch. (not Balto & Slavic)

Answer 3

Lithuanian

Question 4

Name a Germanic Branch

Answer 4

English

Question 5

Name an Indo-Iranian branch

Answer 5

Sanskrit

Question 6

Name the 2 Tocharian languages

Answer 6

A and B

Question 7

Name an Italic branch

Answer 7

Latin (descendants are the romance languages)

Question 8

How many branches are there in PIE - Name them

Answer 8

10 Branches,

Anatolian, Albanian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Greek, Indo-Iranian, Italic, Tocharian.

Question 9

What’s the Narten Present?

Answer 9

It’s an acrostatic athematic root present ‘paradigm’ (?) where the accent always remains on the root (hence acrostatic), however only in the 3rd sg. is there a lengthened ē-grade. Full elsewhere.

3rd. sg. *stḗu-ti
3rd. pl. *stéu̯-n̥ti (diff. ending)

Question 10

Name the PRESENT stems (2)

Answer 10

Athematic and thematic

Question 11

Name the AORIST stems (4)

Answer 11

s-aorist, thematic aorist stems, root aorist, long-vowel preterites.

Question 12

How many PERFECT stems are there. Name the 2 categories of it. and how is the imperfect formed

Answer 12

1. Primary and Secondary. reduplication

Question 13

Name 3 Athematic presents

Answer 13

Nasal-infix, Reduplicated athematic present, Narten present

Question 14

What’s a Nasal-Infix?

Answer 14

An infix inserted before the last consonant of a zero-grade root to form an athematic PRESENT stem. Typically transitive active.

full grade in the SINGULAR active: -ne-
zero-grade elsewhere: -n-

Question 15

Name the 2 voices

Answer 15

Active and Middle

Question 16

Name the Personal Endings (5)

Answer 16

primary active, secondary active
primary middle, secondary middle,
perfect

Question 17

Name the persons and number

Answer 17

1st, 2nd, 3rd singular
1st, 2nd, 3rd dual (not used much)
1st, 2nd, 3rd plural

Question 18

What is the TYPE I present and the TYPE II present

Answer 18

TYPE I: Athematic Narten Present

TYPE II: Thematic Simple Present

Question 19

Name the 3 categories of stems

Answer 19

• Present
• S-Aorist
• Perfect

Question 20

How many Present stems are there?

Answer 20

9. idk

Question 21

Whats an s-aorist stem. How many are there?

Answer 21

*s added to the end of a root where the theme vowel would be.

2 (lengthened and full-grade)

Question 22

How many perfect stems are there? And how is it formed?

Answer 22

1. Reduplication.

primary: redup
(secondary: imperfect, secondary endings?)

Question 23

Aktionsart - (Karl Hoffman)

Answer 23

The concept of a root’s inherent aspect. Different roots formed different
aspects. - Roots have inherent aspect!
Due to lexical meaning: ‘she kept arriving late’ vs ‘he came running’

Question 24

What does the ACTIVE VOICE do?

Answer 24

Role of the subject in a VERB’S ACTION; active or middle

Question 25

What does the ACTIVE VOICE do?

Answer 25

Active voice = John threw the ball,

> John (subject) is doing the throwing

Question 26

What does the MIDDLE VOICE do?

Answer 26

Middle voice = subject is internal to the action in some way