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Doula > Minor Discomforts of Pregnancy > Flashcards

Minor Discomforts of Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Hormones before and after 12 weeks

A

<12 weeks mom produces hormones to keep pregnancy
12+ weeks placenta is responsible
- Dramatic rise in hormone levels

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2
Q

Back Pain - Physiology

A
  • Poor posture
  • Relaxation of joints due to increasing levels of relaxin
  • Increased breast size
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3
Q

Back Pain - Interventions

A
  • Supportive bra
  • Low heeled shoes
  • Correct posture
  • Pelvic tilt
  • Ice packs to lower back
  • Belly belt abdominal support
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4
Q

Sore Feet - Physiology

A
  • Increased weight due to pregnancy
  • Increased hormone levels
  • Circulation changes
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5
Q

Sore Feet - Interventions

A
  • Well-fitting shoes with arch support
  • Frequent rests with legs elevated
  • Foot massage with lotions: peppermint or citrus
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6
Q

Dizziness and Fainting - Physiology

A
  • Circulation changes related to relaxed vascularity

- Increased pressure in pelvis due to increasing weight of uterus causing slower venous return to heart

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7
Q

Dizziness and Fainting - Interventions

A
  • Avoid sudden changes in position

- Avoid prolonged supine positions which put pressure on aorta

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8
Q

Nose Bleeds and Bleeding Gums - Physiology

A
  • Hormone changes related to higher level of estrogen and progesterone
  • Mucous membranes become more fragile and sensitive
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9
Q

Nose Bleeds and Bleeding Gums - Interventions

A
  • Increased humidity especially at night

- Soft toothbrush

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10
Q

Difficult Breathing - Physiology

A
  • Pressure against lungs and sternum

- Increased circulation changes

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11
Q

Difficult Breathing - Interventions

A
  • Good posture
  • Pillows to elevate head while sleeping
  • Exercise
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12
Q

Heartburn - Physiology

A
  • Food sets in longer because of pressure of baby and acidity in stomach increases
  • Decreased gastric motility
  • Growing baby puts pressure on internal organs
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13
Q

Heartburn - Intervention

A
  • Antacid tablets can cause gall stones and kidney stones
  • Small frequent meals
  • Papaya tables, fruit, or juice as needed if heartburn is mild (persons with latex allergies or allergies to bananas or kiwi may also be allergic to papaya)
  • Bromelain tablets (2) 20 minutes before meals; derivative of pineapple core
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14
Q

Heaviness in Pelvis - Physiology

A
  • Pressure of baby in pelvis

- Increased pressure

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15
Q

Heaviness in Pelvis - Interventions

A
  • Side-lying with legs supported
  • Pelvic tilt exercise
  • Frequent rest periods with legs elevated
  • Belly belt abdominal support
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16
Q

Hemorrhoids and Varicose Veins - Physiology

A
  • Increased pressure on vessels in lower extremities
  • Higher incidence if there’s family history
  • Low-lying baby with constant pelvic pressure
  • Constipation due to pressure of baby on colon
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17
Q

Hemorrhoids and Varicose Veins - Interventions

A
  • Support hose
  • Frequent rests with legs elevated
  • Sitz baths - witch hazel may be added to water
  • Rutin (300-600mg daily) or horse chestnut supplements
  • Witch Hazel pads can be applied directly
  • Green cabbage leaves if swelling is persisten
18
Q

Stress Incontinence - Physiology

A
  • Pressure on bladder due to position of baby’s head

- Poor bladder control due to previous pregnancy or other problems

19
Q

Stress Incontinence - Intervention

A
  • Kegel exercise

- Pelvic tilt to alleviate pressure of baby’s head

20
Q

Leg Fatigue - Physiology

A
  • Pressure of uterus on blood vessels

- Increase weight gain

21
Q

Leg Fatigue - Interventions

A
  • Support hose and frequent rests
  • Adequate calcium intake/proper balance of calcium and magnesium
  • Walk minimum of 10 minutes every hour
  • Massage
22
Q

Ankle Edema - Physiology

A
  • Pressure from increased weight of uterus

- Poor blood return from lower extremities

23
Q

Ankle Edema - Interventions

A
  • Elevate legs and feet
  • Fresh green cabbage leaves to ankles
  • Increased fluid in diet
  • Ankle exercises - pumps and circles
24
Q

Increased Vaginal Discharge - Physiology

A
  • Increased watery cervical mucous from changing hormonal levels
  • Possible vaginal infection if drainage has foul odor, itches, or color
25
Q

Increased Vaginal Discharge - Interventions

A
  • Wear cotton underwear
  • Avoid bubble bath and heavily perfumed bath gels
  • Evaluate for infection
26
Q

Round Ligament Pain - Physiology

A
  • Sudden stretching or spasms of round ligaments

- Increased strain on ligaments from increasing size and weight of uterus

27
Q

Round Ligament Pain - Intervention

A
  • Avoid sudden movements that place pressure on ligaments
  • Warm compressed to ligaments
  • Arnica oil massaged into ligaments several time daily
  • Bend knee and hip up toward chest when pain occurs
  • Rebozo abdominal support
28
Q

Leg Pain and Charlie Horses - Physiology

A
  • Incorrect balance of calcium, magnesium, and/or phosphorus levels
  • May be optimal to take calcium and magnesium at separate times
  • Hormonal changes
29
Q

Leg Pain and Charlie Horses - Interventions

A
  • Increased fluids
  • Correct imbalance of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus
  • Massage
  • Stand firmly on foot and pull toes toward head to relieve cramp
30
Q

Morning Sickness - Physiology

A
  • Low blood sugar
  • Changes in hormone levels
  • Vitamin b6 deficiency
  • Sensitivity to taste and smell
  • Initial movement in morning
31
Q

Morning Sickness - Interventions

A
  • Carbs need to be followed by protein
  • Instead opt for small amount of protein
  • Readily available by bedside
  • Protein every other time mom eats
  • Small amount to be eaten every 2 hours
  • Acupressure bands
  • Correct vitamin deficiencies
  • Aromatherapy (Spearmint oil)
  • Zofran, preemesis
  • Evaluate progesterone levels
  • Ginger
32
Q

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome - Physiology

A
  • Persistent irritation of wrists
  • Increased pressure on nerves in hand and wrists from increased fluid volume
  • Poor alignment of wrists while sleeping
33
Q

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome - Interventions

A
  • Wrist splints
  • Chiropractic or physical therapy treatments
  • Exercise
  • Increased oral fluids
34
Q

Sleep Disorders - Physiology

A
  • Urinary frequency
  • Increased hormonal levels
  • Lack of comfort as pregnancy progresses
35
Q

Sleep Disorders - Interventions

A
  • Relaxation prior to going to bed
  • Maintain consistent bedtime
  • Pelvic tilt just prior to bed
  • Chamomile tea, sleepy time tea, or Valerian at bedtime
  • Warm bath
36
Q

Restless Leg Syndrome - Physiology

A
  • Deficiency in Vitamin B

- irritability of nerves in lower extremities

37
Q

Restless Leg Syndrome - Interventions

A
  • Vitamin B supplements
  • Folic acid supplements
  • Iron supplements if anemia is present
38
Q

Dry Itchy Skin - Physiology

A
  • Increased hormonal levels

- Inadequate fluid intake

39
Q

Dry Itchy Skin - Interventions

A
  • Soothing lubricating lotions - preferably non-perfumed
  • Oatmeal baths
  • Increased fluid intake
40
Q

Dry Itchy Skin - PUPPS Rash

A
  • Puritic Uriticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy
  • Thought is that mom’s liver isn’t functioning properly
  • Pregnancy rash caused by increased demands on liver and body’s delayed ability to clear biliruben
  • Biliruber causes skin irritation and rash
  • Rash resolves with birth of baby
  • Compounded prescription lotion relieves symptoms: Lidex 60gms, Menthol 240ml, Lubriderm 420gms
  • Apis mellifica 30c dose - works well for shingles as well

Doula (17 decks)

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