Minerals Flashcards
Functions of calcium
Bone and teeth formation
Blood clotting
Muscle and nerve functioning
Enzyme activity
Calcium deficiency
Osteomalacia Rickets Osteoporosis Muscle spasms Haemorrhaging
Sources of calcium
Flour milk, cheese sardines white bread cabbage, spinach
Factors that assist calcium absorption
Vitamin D Phosphorus Amino acids Lactose Oestrogen
Factors that inhibit calcium absorption
Phytic acid Oxalic acid Fibre Saturated fatty acids Lack of oestrogen/vitamin D/Phosphorus
Functions of Iron
Haemoglobin
Transports oxygen
Efficient functioning of enzymes
Iron deficiency
Anaemia
Lack of energy
Breathlessness
Sources of Iron
Haem: meat, chicken, liver
Non-haem: fish, eggs, cereals, broccoli, cabbage
Factors that assist iron absorption
Vitamin C
Hydrochloric acid
Factors that inhibit iron absorption
Phytic acid
Oxalic acid
Fibre
Tannins
Functions of zinc
General good health
Metabolism of protein or carbs
Enzyme activity
Zinc deficiency
Delayed mental and physical development
Slow healing of wounds
Skin problems
Sources of zinc
Meat
milk
bread
seafood
Functions of iodine
Manufacture of thyroxine
Regulates metabolism
Iodine deficiency
Lack of thyroxine
Goitre
Slow mental and physical growth in children
Sources of iodine
Seafood seaweed milk eggs meat
Functions of sodium
Transmission of nerve impulses
Regulates water balance
Normal muscle activity
Sodium deficiency
Low blood pressure
Tiredness
Sources of sodium
Marmite Salt Snack food smoked meat fish
Functions of potassium
Protein metabolism
Nerve transmission
Muscular contraction
Potassium deficiency
Muscular weakness
Fatigue
Cardiac arrest
Sources of potassium
Meat milk wholegrain cereals fish bananas
