Mind And Body Flashcards
Mesomorph
Low levels of fat, build muscle easily, solid, wide shoulders, narrow hips
Suited to power, speed or strength like sprinting, weightlifting or boxing
Somatotypes
Describing different body types or physical builds
Ectomorph
Long, thin, narrow shoulders and hips, slim, doesn’t generally build muscle or store fat for the winter easily
Suited to lightweight as an advantage like long distance running, high jump or jockey
Endomorph
Wide hips, narrow shoulders, tendency to store fat
Suited to power and weight as an advantage like shot putt, sumo wrestling or rugby
Factors affecting optimum weight
Taller = heavier
Males tend to with more because of more muscle mass
Bigger muscles = heavier
Larger bone structure = heavier
Anorexia
Serious eating disorder where sufferer refuses to eat due to obsessive wish to lose weight so body lacks nutrients
Results in fatigue, fainting, dizziness, dehydration, reduction in muscle size, death
Underweight
Not weighing as much as expected so too tired or weak to take part in physical activity and fitness and performance levels deteriorate
Overweight
Weigh more than expected so not harmful unless also overfat
Overfat
More body fat than should so high blood pressure and cholesterol levels
Possible to be overweight and not overfat
Obese
Very overfat people so far increased to seriously unhealthy leading to mobility issues, lack of flexibility, heart disease, type 2 diabetes or depression because low self-esteem
Beta blockers
Drugs to block effects of adrenaline to slow down heart rate and decrease blood pressure
Reduce anxiety and tremor, calm and increase chances of winning
Used for precision like archery, target shooting, gymnastics, diving
Health risks of beat blockers
Heart rate slowed so slower oxygen delivery
Lower blood pressure
Sleep disturbance
Diuretics
Increases urination so fluid lost and weight loss
Masks other performance drugs
Used for weight advantage like boxing or jockey
Health risks of diuretics
Dehydration
Nausea
Headaches
Heart/kidney failure
Narcotic analgesics
Sense of euphoria and increase pain threshold masking injuries to compete
Used in swimming, boxing, football, sprinting
Health risks of narcotic analgesics
Nausea Anxiety Depression Kidney/liver damage Addiction Concentration loss Further damage to injury because pain masked
Stimulants
Increase alertness, aggression, competitiveness, heart rate and reduce tiredness
Used for aggression in rugby, boxing, hockey
Used for alertness in cycling, long-distance or baseball
Health risks of stimulants
Insomnia
Anxiety
Aggression
Heart taste irregularities
Peptide hormones
Increase muscle growth so strength for sprinting or weight lifting
Increase red blood cell production so oxygen for rugby or distance
Health risks of peptide hormones
Arthritis Heart failure Increased blood thickness Blood clots so strokes Abnormal feet and hand growth Diabetes Increased risk of heart attack
Alcohol
Makes slower reaction times, less mobile and loss of concentration and coordination
Results in heart failure, increased weight, liver disease, cancer or increased blood pressure
Smoking
Makes breathlessness and reduces oxygen carried
Results in strokes, bronchitis, heart disease, blood clots, lung cancer
Risks
General like spraining ankle or specific like hockey stick accident
Make sure competition is balanced
Check equipment
Check facilities
