Miicrobe Epidemiology Flashcards
What are normal biota sites on humans
Skin and mucous membranes Respiratory and GI tract outer Urethra External genital and Vagina external ear canal External eye
Low infectious dose results in hiqh/low virulence factor
High virulence factor
Ways microbes harm the host
Enzymes
Toxins
The body’s reaction
How can microbes enzymes harm host
- They break down and inflict damage on tissue
- Dissolves the host’s defenses barriers and promote the spread of microbes deeper tissues
- React with blood
Toxin targets of action
the nervous system
red blood cells
intestines
kidneys
Types of toxins
Exotoxins
Endotoxins
What are exotoxin targets
the cell membrane
What are endotoxin targets?
Attacks a variety of systems
What reactions may the body have that leads to disease or death
The body going into shock
The body shutting down
The body pushing pathogens to the extremities (can lead to necrosis)
Are signs more precise that symptoms
yes
Phases of infection and disease
Incubation
Prodrome
Invasion
Convalescence
characteristics of invasion?
pathogen multiplies at high rates
highly toxic
becomes well established
Most common health-associated infection
UTI
Respiratory Tract Infection
Surgical incision Infection
Koch’s Postulates
Look at notes
When are postulates not appropriate?
when pathogens cant be isolated in a lab
when the causative agent is virus
when the agent is poly microbial
