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MicroB: Microbes Growth, Control, Treatment, Epidemiology > Microbe Growth > Flashcards

Microbe Growth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the microbial modes of nutrition?

A

Photoautotroph
Photoheterotroph
Chemoautotroph
chemoheterotroph

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2
Q

How are microbial modes of nutrition named

A

how it gets its energy + how it gets its nutrients = mode of nutrition

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3
Q

What are macro nutrients?

A

H, C, O, N, Phosphorus, and sulfur

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4
Q

Example of Chemoheterotrophs

A

Saprobes
Parasites
Humans

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5
Q

Example of Photoautotrophs

A

Plants

Photosynthetic Bacteria

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6
Q

Are saprobes parasites?

A

No, Saprobes feed on dead organisms and parasites feed on the living

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7
Q

Hypertonic solution mean?

A

The water concentration is lower on the inside of the cell than the outside of the cell

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8
Q

Hypotonic solution means?

A

The water concentration is higher on the inside of the sell than the outside of the cell

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9
Q

Isotonic soultion means?

A

The water concentration inside the cell and outside the cell is equal

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10
Q

What happens when a cell is put in a hypertonic solution?

A

The H2O moves out of the cell and the cell shrinks

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11
Q

What happens when a cell is put in a hypotonic solution?

A

The H2O moves into the cell and the cell swells

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12
Q

What happens when a cell is put in an isotonic solution?

A

There is no net change

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13
Q

What happens to plant cells in a hyptonic solution

A

Plasmolysis

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14
Q

What happens to animal cells in a hypertonic solution

A

Lysis

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15
Q

Do plant cells lyse?

A

No, their plant walls protects them

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16
Q

What do bacteria use to break down food?

A

enzyme

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17
Q

Types of passive transport

A

Simple diffusion

facilitated diffusion

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18
Q

Characteristics of Active transport

A

the transport against concentration gradients
The use of ATP
The presence of a pump or premeases

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19
Q

Types of Active Transport?

A

Carrier mediated active diffusion
Group translocation
Bulk transport

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20
Q

Types of bacteria based on temperature preference?

A 
Hyperthermophile
Thermophile
Mesophile
psychrotrophs
psychrophile
21
Q

How do microorganisms deal with oxygen?

A 
Obligate aerobe
Faculltative Anaerobe
Aerotolerant Anaerobe
Microaerophile
Obligate anerobe
22
Q

Physical factors that affect growth of microbes

A 
pH
Temperature
Light/radiation
Other organisms
Osmotic 
Barometric pressure
23
Q

What effects does cold have on micro organisms?

A

chem reactions and Diffusion slow
protein denaturing
membranes become rigid

24
Q

What are the effects that heat has on microorganisms

A

Neuclic acids and proteins denature
potential sterilization
impairs metabolism

25
Q

Osmophiles like what type of soultions? Why?

A

Hyoertonic Solution => high soulte content => high osmotic pressure

26
Q

how can non photosynthetic be affectted by lights

A

They can damaged by the O2

27
Q

What are microbe and host associations

A 
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
synergism
Antagonism
28
Q

Which microbe host associations are symbiotic

A

Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism

29
Q

Which microbe host associations are nonsymbiotic

A

synergism

Antagonism

30
Q

How do bacteria replicate?

A

Binary fission

31
Q

What is the generation time of bacteria called?

A

Doubling time

32
Q

What defines a bacterial generation?

A

the time it takes for the population to double through one round of binary fission

33
Q

What are the stages of bacteria cell growth

A

Lag
Log
Staionary
Death

34
Q

What happens during lag phase

A

the cell is getting used to environ and assessing resources

35
Q

Characteristics of Lag phase

A 
Cells dont divide
Population is constant
metabolically active
cells grow larger
protein synth
cell repairs
36
Q

What happens during Log phase

A

the cell beings to divide and the population increases exponentially

37
Q

Charateristics of Log phase

A

Cell division

Exponential population growth

38
Q

What phase does the equation represent
N = (N ) 2^n
t 0

A

Log phase

39
Q

What does this equation find?
N = (N ) 2^n
t 0

A

The number of cells in a population at some time, t

40
Q

N = (N ) 2^n means?

t 0

A

the cell population at any time equals the initial population times 2 raised to the number of passed generations

41
Q

what happens during Stationary Phase

A

The cell population graphically steadies and becomes constant as cell birth and death become equal

42
Q

Characteristics of Stationary phase

A

Cells divide = Cell death
Population constant
Metabolism slow

43
Q

Why do cells die during stationary and death phase?

A

Accumulation of waste

Exhaustion of nutrients

44
Q

What happens in Death phase?

A

The population of the cells decrease exponentially

45
Q

Characteristics of death phase

A

cells divide
Population decline exponentially
Some bacteria survie

46
Q

Why dont bacteria populations drop to 0 during death phase?

A

Some bacterial survive usually by sporulation

47
Q

What causes sporulation

A

Dehydration

Low nutrients

48
Q

What do microbes need to grow

A

Macro and micro nutrients
O2/CO2 balance
ideal temp and pH
ideal Osmotic pressure

MicroB: Microbes Growth, Control, Treatment, Epidemiology (9 decks)

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