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Anthropology Test 2 > Migration of Homo Erectus > Flashcards

Migration of Homo Erectus Flashcards

1
Q

define dispersal event

A

a single species dramatically expands its geographical range

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2
Q

a single species dramatically expands its geographical range. This is defined as what?

A

dispersal event

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3
Q

What are some of the reasons that Homo Erectus might have left Africa?

A

-climatic instability
-more adapted to a variety of landscapes & environmental changes
- they could/knew how to live in smaller and larger groups while sharing resources
-increased cognitive ability/larger brains

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4
Q

What gave archaeologists the idea that H. Erectus was passing down tradition?

A

Archeulean hand axes were found after they left Africa

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5
Q

What is the oldest site outside of Africa that shows evidence of H. Erectus?

A

Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia

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6
Q

How old is the Dmanisi archaeological site?

A

1.85-1.78 million yrs old

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7
Q

What was found at the Dmanisi site?

A

oldowan tools (particularly flakes) and 3 H. Erectus crania

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8
Q

how many Erectus skulls were found at the Dmanisi site?

A

3

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9
Q

what type of tools were found at the Dmanisi site?

A

Oldowan, specifically flakes

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10
Q

was was not found at the Dmanisi site?

A

any sign of Archeulean technology, cut marks from tools and evidence of animals

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11
Q

where did H. Erectus survive the longest in its time?

A

Asia

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12
Q

what archaeological site showed hominin dispersal within Asia?

A

Java in Indonesia

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13
Q

what is the approximate date of the Java site in Indonesia?

A

1.6 mya

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14
Q

How long ago did H. Erectus live in Java, Indonesia?

A

27,000-53,000 years ago

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15
Q

Java man had what size of brain?

A

900cc

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16
Q

Were any stone tools found in Java?

A

no. no directly associated stone tools were found

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17
Q

the second earliest site of hominins outside of Africa is located where?

A

Ubeidiya, Israel

18
Q

the site in Ubeidiya, Israel is said to be how old?

A

1.5 million years old

19
Q

what is significant about the site in Ubeidiya, Israel?

A

evidence of Oldowan tools and stone tool cut marks on bone that suggest hunting

20
Q

what type of Oldowan tools were found at the site in Ubeidiya, Israel?

A

flakes and choppers

21
Q

evidence of Oldowan tools and stone tool cut marks on bone that suggest hunting were found at what site?

A

Ubeidiya, Israel

22
Q

what type of terrain was seen at the Ubeidiya site in Israel?

A

steeply sloped terrain

23
Q

the Nihewan River Basin site is found where?

A

China

24
Q

the Nihewan River Basin site in China is significant, why?

A

stone tools (flakes) were found that were more complex than Archeulean but not made of great materials, suggesting hominins had developed more tool traditions

25
Q

the Nihewan River Basin site in China is how old?

A

1.15 million years old

26
Q

the oldest site with evidence of H. Erectus in Western Europe is called what and found where?

A

Gran Dolina, Atapuerca; located in Spain

27
Q

what is the date of the Gran Dolina site in Spain?

A

800,000ya

28
Q

what is most significant about the Gran Dolina site in Spain?

A

first sign of hominin cannibalism

29
Q

what else was found at the Gran Dolina site in Spain other than signs of cannibalism?

A

stone tools like flakes and cores, animal bones of horse and deer, and campsites with repeated use

30
Q

what site were signs of butchered H. Erectus bones found?

A

Gran Dolina site in Spain

31
Q

what is the name of the site where over 100,000 oldowan tools were found and where was it located?

A

Zhoukoudian, China

32
Q

what is the age of the Zhoukoudian site in China?

A

410,000-750,000 years old

33
Q

the Zhoukoudian site in China is said to be a part of what time period?

A

Pleistocene

34
Q

what types of Oldowan tools were found in Zhoukoudian, China?

A

flakes and choppers

35
Q

bones of how many individuals were found at the Zhoukoudian site?

A

40

36
Q

Peking man was found at what site?

A

Zhoukoudian, China

37
Q

what are some of the characteristics of Peking Man?

A

small forehead, large chinless jaw, thick skull, large supraorbital torus

38
Q

the site in Zhoukoudian, China was thought to have had evidence of fire usage, what was actually found?

A

the presence of iron & manganese

39
Q

when was the first time there was evidence of fire usage?

A

750,000ya

40
Q

what did the use of fire mean for hominins?

A

-they could use it for cooking
-they could migrate to places with colder climates
-allowed socializing after dark
-may have been important for their cultural adaptation

41
Q

fire allowed hominins to socialize after dark, why was this significant for them?

A

it honed their communication and expanded language

Anthropology Test 2 (15 decks)

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