Migration of Homo Erectus

Question 1

define dispersal event

Answer 1

a single species dramatically expands its geographical range

Question 2

a single species dramatically expands its geographical range. This is defined as what?

Answer 2

dispersal event

Question 3

What are some of the reasons that Homo Erectus might have left Africa?

Answer 3

-climatic instability
-more adapted to a variety of landscapes & environmental changes
- they could/knew how to live in smaller and larger groups while sharing resources
-increased cognitive ability/larger brains

Question 4

What gave archaeologists the idea that H. Erectus was passing down tradition?

Answer 4

Archeulean hand axes were found after they left Africa

Question 5

What is the oldest site outside of Africa that shows evidence of H. Erectus?

Answer 5

Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia

Question 6

How old is the Dmanisi archaeological site?

Answer 6

1.85-1.78 million yrs old

Question 7

What was found at the Dmanisi site?

Answer 7

oldowan tools (particularly flakes) and 3 H. Erectus crania

Question 8

how many Erectus skulls were found at the Dmanisi site?

Answer 8

3

Question 9

what type of tools were found at the Dmanisi site?

Answer 9

Oldowan, specifically flakes

Question 10

was was not found at the Dmanisi site?

Answer 10

any sign of Archeulean technology, cut marks from tools and evidence of animals

Question 11

where did H. Erectus survive the longest in its time?

Answer 11

Asia

Question 12

what archaeological site showed hominin dispersal within Asia?

Answer 12

Java in Indonesia

Question 13

what is the approximate date of the Java site in Indonesia?

Answer 13

1.6 mya

Question 14

How long ago did H. Erectus live in Java, Indonesia?

Answer 14

27,000-53,000 years ago

Question 15

Java man had what size of brain?

Answer 15

900cc

Question 16

Were any stone tools found in Java?

Answer 16

no. no directly associated stone tools were found

Question 17

the second earliest site of hominins outside of Africa is located where?

Answer 17

Ubeidiya, Israel

Question 18

the site in Ubeidiya, Israel is said to be how old?

Answer 18

1.5 million years old

Question 19

what is significant about the site in Ubeidiya, Israel?

Answer 19

evidence of Oldowan tools and stone tool cut marks on bone that suggest hunting

Question 20

what type of Oldowan tools were found at the site in Ubeidiya, Israel?

Answer 20

flakes and choppers

Question 21

evidence of Oldowan tools and stone tool cut marks on bone that suggest hunting were found at what site?

Answer 21

Ubeidiya, Israel

Question 22

what type of terrain was seen at the Ubeidiya site in Israel?

Answer 22

steeply sloped terrain

Question 23

the Nihewan River Basin site is found where?

Answer 23

China

Question 24

the Nihewan River Basin site in China is significant, why?

Answer 24

stone tools (flakes) were found that were more complex than Archeulean but not made of great materials, suggesting hominins had developed more tool traditions

Question 25

the Nihewan River Basin site in China is how old?

Answer 25

1.15 million years old

Question 26

the oldest site with evidence of H. Erectus in Western Europe is called what and found where?

Answer 26

Gran Dolina, Atapuerca; located in Spain

Question 27

what is the date of the Gran Dolina site in Spain?

Answer 27

800,000ya

Question 28

what is most significant about the Gran Dolina site in Spain?

Answer 28

first sign of hominin cannibalism

Question 29

what else was found at the Gran Dolina site in Spain other than signs of cannibalism?

Answer 29

stone tools like flakes and cores, animal bones of horse and deer, and campsites with repeated use

Question 30

what site were signs of butchered H. Erectus bones found?

Answer 30

Gran Dolina site in Spain

Question 31

what is the name of the site where over 100,000 oldowan tools were found and where was it located?

Answer 31

Zhoukoudian, China

Question 32

what is the age of the Zhoukoudian site in China?

Answer 32

410,000-750,000 years old

Question 33

the Zhoukoudian site in China is said to be a part of what time period?

Answer 33

Pleistocene

Question 34

what types of Oldowan tools were found in Zhoukoudian, China?

Answer 34

flakes and choppers

Question 35

bones of how many individuals were found at the Zhoukoudian site?

Answer 35

40

Question 36

Peking man was found at what site?

Answer 36

Zhoukoudian, China

Question 37

what are some of the characteristics of Peking Man?

Answer 37

small forehead, large chinless jaw, thick skull, large supraorbital torus

Question 38

the site in Zhoukoudian, China was thought to have had evidence of fire usage, what was actually found?

Answer 38

the presence of iron & manganese

Question 39

when was the first time there was evidence of fire usage?

Answer 39

750,000ya

Question 40

what did the use of fire mean for hominins?

Answer 40

-they could use it for cooking -they could migrate to places with colder climates -allowed socializing after dark -may have been important for their cultural adaptation

Question 41

fire allowed hominins to socialize after dark, why was this significant for them?

Answer 41

it honed their communication and expanded language