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Neuropharamacology > Migraine > Flashcards

Migraine Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the characteristics of a migraine

A

idiopathic
paraoxysmal
unilateral pain

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2
Q

Are migraines a primary or secondary headache disorder?

A

primary

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3
Q

What are the types of migraines?

A

classical migraine
common migraine
silent migraine

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4
Q

What is the difference between a classical and a common migtaine?

A

common migraines are more common, no aura

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5
Q

What is a silent migraine?

A

aura present but no headache

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6
Q

features of an aura

A

visual and sensory distubrances
aphasia
fainting

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7
Q

what characterises stage 1 of a migraine?

A

prodromal head discomfort
irritability
sensitivity to smells and noises

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8
Q

what stage does the aura occur?

A

2

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9
Q

describe phase 3 of a migraine?

A

pain
4-72 hours

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10
Q

what stage does the pain disapear?

A

4

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11
Q

describe phase 5 of a migraine?

A

postdromal phase lingering non-pain symptoms similiar to that seen in prodromal phase

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12
Q

does vasoconstriction or vasodilation occur first?

A

vasoconstriction

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13
Q

pathophysiological theories

A

inflammatory substances
genetic
environmental
familial
vascular
hormone

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14
Q

what is though to cause auras?

A

vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels

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15
Q

what is thought to cause headache pain and throbbing?

A

vasodilation

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16
Q

which neuromodulators are invovled in the development and the symptoms of a migraine?

A

nitric oxide and substance P

17
Q

How would an increase in serotonin affect migraine?

A

enhance migraines due to increased NO activity

18
Q

how does NO increase afferent firing?

A

sensitiation of nerve endings
vascular dilation

19
Q

what neuropeptides contribute to neuroinflammation?

A

SP
CGRP

20
Q

how do SP and CGRP lead to NO release?

A

cause release of mediators which act on vascular endothelium

21
Q

effect of sensory nerve discharge

A

CGRP and SP production
aura

22
Q

why are 5HT2 antagonits used to treat migrains?

A

limits NO

23
Q

what are the effects of 5HT1D agonists?

A

inhibit vasodilation
reducing sensoty nerve discharge
limiting aura
preventing neuropeptide release

24
Q

effect of CGRP antagonists

A

limiting neuroinflammation effectd of CGRP

25
Q

purpose of CGRP monoclonal antibodies

A

deactive CGRP

26
Q

NSAIDS mechanism of action

A

inhibit COX enzymes and therefore release of inflammatory mediators

27
Q

risatriptan better than sumatriptan as

A

higher oral bioavailability and rate of absorption

28
Q

Triptan mechanism of action

A

5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor agonists

29
Q

newer Triptans

A

longer half life, bioavailability, faster onset, longer duration and less cardio effects

30
Q

Migraine Treamtments

A

Triptans
Ergotamines

31
Q

Nauesea Treatment

A

DA receptor antagonists
Magnesium

Neuropharamacology (10 decks)

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