Midterms | Unit 2.2 Magnetism Flashcards
A fundamental property of forms of matter
Magnetite
Smallest unit of magnetism
It has no smallest unit
Samples of Magnetite
o Oxide of iron (Fe3O4)
o Lodestone or leading stone
Any charged particle in (1) creates a (2)
- motion
- magnetic field
A property created when electrons behave as if they rotate on its axis
Electron Spin
Electron Spin is neutralized in
Electron pairs
It creates a magnetic field
Electron Spin
The lines of a magnetic field are always —
closed loop
A nuclear magnetic dipole created when a magnetic field is created by spinning electric charge
Magnetic Moment
Basis for MRI
Magnetic Moment
Any material that produces a magnetic field
Magnets
Has north and south pole
Magnets
Magnets that have two poles
Bipolar/ Dipolar
The small magnet created by the electron orbit
Magnetic Dipole
An accumulation of many atomic magnets with their dipoles aligned
Magnetic Domain
The ability of a material to attract the lines of magnetic field intensity
MAGNETIC PERMEABILITY
Example of material with high and low magnetic permeability
High magnetic permeability: Iron
Low magnetic permeability: Wood
The degree to which a material can be magnetized
MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY
Example of material with high and low magnetic susceptibility
High magnetic susceptibility: Iron
Low magnetic susceptibility: Wood
Types of magnets
- Natural magnet
- Artificial-Permanent Magnet
- Electromagnets
A magnet that gets its Magnetism from the Earth
Natural magnet
Example of a natural magnet
Lodestone
A magnet whose Magnetism is induced artificially-produced
Artificial-Permanent Magnet
Example of an artificial-permanent magnet
Compass
A bar or horseshoe-shaped magnet
Artificial-Permanent Magnet
A coil of wire wrapped around an iron core that intensifies the magnetic field
Electromagnet
All matters can be classified into how it interacts with the —
external magnetic field
4 magnetic states of matter
- Nonmagnetic
- Diamagnetic
- Paramagnetic
- Ferromagnetic
Unaffected by the magnetic field
Nonmagnetic
Example of nonmagnetic
Wood and glass
Weakly repelled from both poles of a magnetic field
Diamagnetic
Example of diamagnetic
Copper, water & plastic
Weakly attracted to both poles of a magnetic field
Paramagnetic
Example of paramagnetic
Gadolinium (Gd-64): contrast agent in M.R.I.
It can be strongly magnetized
Ferromagnetic
Examples of ferromagnetics
AlNiCoFe (Al-12, Ni-28, Co-27) & Iron (Fe-26)
An excellent temporary magnet
Soft iron
MAGNETIC LAWS
▪ Like magnetic poles repel
▪ Unlike magnetic poles attract
▪ Imaginary lines of magnetic field enter the south pole
▪ Imaginary lines of magnetic field leave the north pole
The force of attraction between unlike poles or repulsion between like poles
Magnetic Force
Where is magnetic force directly and inversely proportional to?
Directly proportional to the product of the magnetic pole strengths
Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
SI unit for magnetic field
o SI Unit: tesla (T)
o Older unit: gauss (G)
How many gauss (G) in 1 tesla (T)?
1 T: 10,000 G
