Midterms | Medical Image Digitalization and Acquisition Gateway Flashcards
To be suitable for computer processing, an image function must be digitized both (1) and (2).
- spatially
- in amplitude
Digitization of the spatial coordinates and is related to pixel size, reflective of matrix size and affects spatial resolution.
Image sampling
Image sampling is the digitization of the (1) and is related to (2), reflective of (3) and affects (4).
- spatial coordinates
- pixel size
- matrix size
- spatial resolution
Digitization of the amplitude or brightness, is determined by computer bit depth, and is reflected in the image contrast resolution.
Image gray level quantization
Image gray level quantization is digitization of the (1), is determined by (2), and is reflected in the (3).
- amplitude or brightness
- computer bit depth
- image contrast resolution
● The process of digital image production includes scanning of the (1) line-by-line to obtain a/n (2) representing the variations in (3);
● followed by dividing the (4) into individual pixels in a process known as (5), which is typically performed in (6)
● this is followed by converting the (7) into a/n (8) in the process of (9)
● lastly, a/n (10) turns the quantized level into binary code
- analog image
- continuous analog signal
- image brightness
- analog signal
- SPATIAL SAMPLING
- equal intervals
- amplitude
- digitized numerical pixel value
- contrast quantization
- analog-to-digital (ADC) converter
A digital image stored in a computer is (1) in format and made up of small squares called (2).
- rectangular
- pixels
A typical digital chest x-ray might contain (1) columns of pixels and (2) rows of pixels for a total of (3) pixels.
- 2000
- 2500
- 5 million
In addition to the pixel information contained in the image, a typical x-ray image contains information about (1), (2), and (3).
This information is stored in the image in what is called the (4).
- the patient
- type of examination
- place of examination
- header
One problem with digital medical images is that they (1) and need to be (2) and then need to be (3).
The (4) takes care of all of these tasks.
- take up a relatively large amount of storage space
- transferred from the examination room to the radiologist
- archived
- picture archiving and communication system (PACS)
In typical PACS systems, digital medical images are stored on a medium that allows for (1) until the examination results are reviewed by a radiologist or other physician. Then the examination results are typically sent to a cheaper type of (2) that takes longer to access for (3).
- quick access
- storage device
- archiving
Images are transferred via a network of usually (1) that run throughout the (2) or (3). Having all of these digital images available on a/n (4) has made reading medical imaging examination results extremely convenient.
- fiber optic lines
- hospital
- facility
- network
● Now there is no need for a/n (1) of an x-ray film or other study
● physicians merely need a/n (2) to obtain digital copies of the study they would like to read. This has led to the practice of (3).
- hard copy
- fast network connection
- teleradiology
Smallest element of an image
Pixel
Entire rows and tables of pixels
Matrix
