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1006 RAD TECH 131 > Finals | PPT 2.1 PACS > Flashcards

Finals | PPT 2.1 PACS Flashcards

1
Q

PACS

A

Picture Archiving and Communication System

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2
Q

PACS (1), (2), and (3) medical images for (4) or (5)

A
  1. stores
  2. distributes
  3. displays
  4. interpretation
  5. review
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3
Q

they have taken on an increasingly important role in trhe entire workflow of the radiology dept

A

PACS

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4
Q

A PACS ideally replaces all —

A

stand-alone single modality WSs

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5
Q

PACS is further strengthened by integration with a hosptal’s other (1), including the (2) and (3)

A
  1. IT infrastracures
  2. HIS
  3. RIS
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6
Q

PACS SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS

A
  1. DATA AND IMAGE ACQUISITION GATEWAYS
  2. PACS SERVER AND ARCHIVE
  3. DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS
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7
Q

❑ PROBLEM: Images and patient data generated by the modality contains format information unacceptable for the on-site PACS operation

❑ SOLUTION: —

A

Acquisition GW computers (“modality integration unit”/MIU) are placed between the modalities and the rest of the PACS network to isolate the host computer in the modality from the PACS

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8
Q

❑ PROBLEM: If host computer do not contain intelligence to work with the PACS server to recover various error

❑ SOLUTION: —

A

3 PRIMARY TASK

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9
Q

✓ It acquires image data from the radiological imaging device to convert data from the manufacturers specification to a PACS standard format (header format, byte ordering and matrix sizes) that is compliant with the DICOM data formats and then forward the image study to the PACS server or display WSs.

A

3 PRIMARY TASK

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10
Q

PACS standard format that is compliant with the DICOM data formats

A

header format
byte ordering
matrix sizes

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11
Q

engine of PACS with 2 MAJOR COMPONENTS

A

PAC server

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12
Q

PAC server 2 MAJOR COMPONENTS

A

A. Database server
B. Archive system

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13
Q

Short-term, long-term, and permanent storage

A

Archive system

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14
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Receives images from examinations (exams) via —

A

acquisition gateways

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15
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Extracts text information describing the received exam from the —

A

DICOM image header

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16
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Updates the —

A

database management system

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17
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Determines the — to which newly generated exams are to be forwarded

A

destination workstations

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18
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Automatically retrieves necessary (1) from historical exams from a/n (2) or (3)

A
  1. comparison images
  2. cache storage
  3. long term library archive system
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19
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Automatically corrects the — of computed or digital radiography images

A

orientation

20
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Determines optimal — for image display

A

contrast and brightness parameters

21
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Performs image data — if necessary

A

compression

22
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Performs data — if necessary

A

integrity check

23
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Archives new exams onto —

A

long-term archive library

24
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Deletes images that have been archived from the —

A

acquisition gateway

25
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Services — from WSs and other PACS controllers in the enterprise PACS

A

query/retrieve requests

26
Q

Major functions of the PACS server and archive

Interfaces with —

A

PACS application servers

27
Q

Any computer that a health care worker uses to view a digital image.

A

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS

28
Q

It is the most interactive part of a PACS, and these workstations are used inside and outside of radiology.

A

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS

29
Q

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS includes

A
  • communication network connection
  • local database
  • display
  • resource management
  • processing software

CR LPD

30
Q

High-quality WSs for radiologists to make primary diagnosis are called (1), the others are generally called (2).

A
  1. diagnostic Ws
  2. review WS
31
Q

Major functions of PACS workstations

A

Case preparation
Case selection
Image arrangement
Interpretation
Documentation
Case presentation
Image reconstruction

CCC III D

32
Q

Accumulation of all relevant images and information belong- ing to a patient examination

A

Case preparation

33
Q

Selection of cases for a given subpopulation through DICOM query/retrieve

A

Case selection

34
Q

Tools for arranging and grouping images for easy review

A

Image arrangement

35
Q

Measurement tools for facilitating the diagnosis

A

Interpretation

36
Q

Tools for image annotation, text, and voice reports

A

Documentation

37
Q

Tools for a comprehensive case presentation, including 3-D image display for a large 3-D file, and fusion images

A

Case presentation

38
Q

Tools for various types of image reconstruction for proper display

A

Image reconstruction

39
Q

Case presentation are tools for a comprehensive case presentation, including (1), and (2)

A
  1. 3-D image display for a large 3-D file
  2. fusion images
40
Q

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS

Through these, PACS data can be filtered to different servers tailored for various applications

A

Application Servers

41
Q

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS

Application Servers are connected to the (1) and (2)

A
  1. PACS server
  2. archive
42
Q

DISPLAY WORKSTATIONS

Application Servers examples

A
  1. Web-based image viewing server
  2. radiation therapy ePR server
  3. image-guided surgery ePR server
  4. CAD server
  5. education server

WRICE

43
Q

Universally accepted standard for exchanging medical images among the modality, viewing stations, and the archive.

A

DICOM

44
Q

DICOM

A

Digital imaging and communications in medicine

45
Q

This standard laid the groundwork for the future development of integrated PACSs.

A

DICOM

46
Q

DICOM was first completed in this year

A

1985

47
Q

Now each modality and PACS communicates via —, and it continues to be refined every year.

A

DICOM

1006 RAD TECH 131 (16 decks)

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