MIDTERMS - LESSON 2 Flashcards
refers to the primary goal or
intention behind the speech.
Different purposes require
different approaches and content.
Understanding these categories
helps in tailoring speeches to
meet specific goals, styles, and
contexts.
Speech According to Purpose
The main goal for is to help explain a specific
subject and to help the audience remember the
knowledge later. The information is not to persuade
listeners to change their beliefs or to actions, but
rather the goal is to increase their knowledge and
awareness of the topic.
INFORMATIVE SPEECH
- include, among other things, people places,
animals or products.
. Speeches about Objects
focus on patterns of action
Speeches about Processes
focus on the things that happened, are
happening, or will happen.
Speeches about Events
the concepts focus on beliefs, ideas, and
theories. (unbiased)
Speeches about Concepts
the speaker attempts to set forth the meaning of
concepts, theories, philosophies, or issues that may be unfamiliar to the audience.
Definitional speeches
is to provide a detailed, vivid, word of picture of a person,
animal, place or object.
Descriptive speeches
Similar to the descriptive speech, they both share the function of clarifying the topic. But _____speeches focus on reports of current and historical events, customs, transformations, inventions, policies, outcomes, and options.
Explanatory speeches
The most practical of all informative speeches, a
demonstration speech shows listeners how some process is accomplished or how to perform it themselves.
Demonstration speeches
is a method of informing that centers on how
something is similar to and different from other things.
Comparison and Contrast
is a method that retells an autobiographical or biographical event, myth, or other story.
. Narration
is any message that is intended to shape, reinforce, or
change the responses of others. It is a literary technique
that writers use to present their ideas through reason and
logic, in order to influence the audience.
Persuasion may simply use an argument to persuade the
readers, or to perform a certain action. Simply, it is an art of
effective speaking and writing in which writers make their
opinions believable to the audience through logic, by
invoking emotions, and by proving their own credibility.
PERSUASIVE SPEECH
It is linked with morality and ethics. In this method of
persuasion, writers or speakers convince their audience of their goodwill and present themselves as trustworthy.
Ethos
comes of logic; therefore writers use logic, reasoning, and
rationality to convince audiences of their perspectives
Logos
which invokes and appeals to the emotions of the
audience. Many writers consider love, fear, empathy, and anger as strong factors to influence the emotions of their audiences.
Pathos
What are the three types of persuasion
Ethos, Logos, Pathos
usually happens in an after-dinner situation, or at a time when the audience does not expect to be asked to think very
hard or to take a very serious action
Entertainment Speech
is the tendency to see your own culture as superior to
all others.
Ethnocentrism
is the opposite of ethnocentrism. Instead of viewing the group to which you belong as superior to all others; you work to try to understand the behavior of other groups on the basis of the context in which behavior occurs rather than from your own reference.
Cultural relativism
A general belief or assumption about a group of people.
Stereotypes
An attitude or feeling (often negative) towards a group of people.
Prejudice
Texts authored by non-native speakers for non-native
speakers to achieve pre determined curricular goals
Created texts
Texts created by native and/or non-native
speaker, based on original language materials, but adapted to fit curricular needs.
Semi-authentic texts
Texts created by native speakers for native speakers
for consumption in a native environment.
Authentic texts
this is the most formal and rigid register, often used in
situations that require precise and unchanging language. It is
typically set and doesn’t change from one occasion to another.
FROZEN
used in professional, academic, or official contexts
where politeness and respect are emphasized. The language is
structured and follows conventional grammar and usage rules.
FORMAL
this is a standard, semi-formal register used in
conversations where there is an expectation of mutual respect
and clarity. It is often used in professional or service-oriented
contexts.
CONSULTATIVE
informal and relaxed language used in
everyday conversations among friends and
acquaintances. It often includes colloquialisms, slang,
and a relaxed grammar structure.
Casual
The most personal and informal register,
used in private settings where people have a close
relationship. It often involves shared experiences, inside
jokes, and personal language.
Intimate
