Midterms: Brain Stem

Question 1

The efferent connection of this tract sends fibers to the thalamic nuclei, cerebellum, red nucleus, corpus striatum, substantia nigra, hypothalamus, and subthalamic nucleus.
a. Corticospinal tract
b. Reticular formation
c. Corticobulbar tract
d. Spinothalamic tract

Answer 1

a. Corticospinal tract

Question 2

Which of the following cranial nerve arises from the pons? *
a. Trochlear.
b. Vagus
c. Trigeminal
d. Facial

Answer 2

c. Trigeminal

Question 2

Which of the following cranial nerves does not emerge from the post olivary groove?
a. Hypoglossal nerve
b. Glossopharyngeal nerve
c. Vagus nerve

Answer 2

c. Vagus nerve

Question 3

What structure connects the pons to the cerebellum?

Answer 3

Middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 4

This tract conveys pain and temperature information from the body to the brain

Answer 4

Spinothalamic tract

Question 4

Which is not true about the brainstem?*
a. Connects the cerebellum to the spinal cord and cerebrum
b. Responsible for heart rate and sleep
c. Divided into 3 sections
D. Contains the midbrain

Answer 4

a. Connects the cerebellum to the spinal cord and cerebrum

Question 4

The Pons is part of the primitive brain, specifically: *
a. Prosencephalon
b. Metencephalon
c. Rhombencephalon

Answer 4

Metencephalon

Question 4

This nucleus regulates movement and contains dopaminergic neuron

Answer 4

Substantia Nigra

Question 4

Composition of each
PROSENCEPHALON (FOREBRAIN) (2)
DIENCEPHALON (1)
RHOMBENCEPHALON (HINDBRAIN) (2)

Answer 4

PROSENCEPHALON; TELENCEPHALON, DIENCEPHALON
MESENCEPHALON (MIDBRAIN)
RHOMBENCEPHALON; METENCEPHALON, MYELENCEPHALON

Question 4

Causes sudden respiratory and cardiac arrest due to medulla compression.

Answer 4

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation

Question 4

Which of the following statement is not true?
a. The anterior division of the midbrain is the tectum
b. It is divided by the cerebral aqueduct into anterior and posterior
c. Connects the pons to the diencephalon and posteriorly to the cerebellum
d. The superior cerebellar peduncle connects the midbrain to the cerebellum

Answer 4

b. It is divided by the cerebral aqueduct into anterior and posterior

Question 4

The brainstem connects the ?

Answer 4

The brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord and cerebellum.

Question 4

Ten of the twelve cranial nerves originate from the cranial nerve nuclei in the brainstem
which 2 does not?

Answer 4

CN I
CN II

Question 4

Connects the pons to the diencephalon and posteriorly to the cerebellum via superior cerebellar peduncles.
Anterior part includes crus cerebri with interpeduncular fossa; contains cerebral aqueduct centrally.

Answer 4

MIDBRAIN

Question 4

Cranial nerve that exit the Midbrain

Answer 4

Trochlear nerve emerges just inferior to inferior colliculi;
Oculomotor nerve arises from midbrain in the oculomotor sulcus.

Question 5

Contains dopaminergic neurons, plays a role in reward processing, stress modulation, learning and memory

Answer 5

Ventral Tegmental Area

Question 5

Pons connects what structures?

Answer 5

Connects medulla and brainstem
*Cerebellar connection: Posterior pons linked to the cerebellum via middle cerbellar peduncles

Question 5

What are the cranial nerves that exits the Pons

Answer 5

CN V, VI, VII, VIII
*Cranial Nerves 6, 7, and 8 ; Emerge from the groove where pons meets medulla; CN5 exits from the superior anterior lateral pons

Question 5

Locus coeruleus is compromised which may result to what condition?

Answer 5

Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 6

T or F
Function in movement and breathing: pontine nuclei play a vital role in coordinating movement and assist in modulating breathing

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

Which cranial Nerves exits the Medulla Oblongata?

Answer 7

CN IX, X, XI, XII

Question 8

If the patient has lock in syndrome, what structure pf the brainstem may be affected?

Answer 8

Pons

Question 8

MAJOR BRAINSTEM TRACTS

Answer 8

MOTOR TRACTS; Corticospinal Tract, Corticobulbar Tract
SENSORY TRACTS; Spinothalamic Tract, V Dorsal Column-medial lemniscus tract, Trigeminal Lemniscus and Spinotrigeminal Tract

Question 8

T or F
Midrbrain connects pons to spinal cord
Anatomical connection: meets the spinal cord at the foramen magnum

Answer 8

FASLE
Medulla Oblongata connects pons to spinal cord
Anatomical connection: meets the spinal cord at the foramen magnum