Midterm - Unit 1 - Native Americans Flashcards

1
Q

The role of dance in Plains Indian cultures

A
Understanding Celebration
Dream cults
Social
comunication
religion
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2
Q

1800s arrival of American settlers in the Great Plains region

A

led to the widespread destruction of the buffalo, upon which many of the tribes depended. To make room for the expansion of American settlements, the U.S. Government began the process of Indian removals
tribes were forced to move off their lands to “Indian Territory,” while other tribes were confined to reservations
cultural crisis
among the Plains Indians

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3
Q

Grass Dance

A
performed to a drum beat
Formal exchange of regalia, dance steps
and songs between warrior tribes
First signs sacred to secular
Predecessor of modern powwow dances
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4
Q

Sitting Bull

A

head chief of the Lakota Sioux nation

allied the Lakota with the Cheyenne and Arapaho to defend the nations against attacks by the U.S. government

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5
Q

Wovoka

A

A man that had an apocalyptic vision of the return of the indians old ways by death of enemies. He was a magician and claimed he was the messiah by faking his own death.
initiated the Ghost dance

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6
Q

Ghost dance

A

circle dance for 5 days repeated every 6 weeks
many plain Indians practiced the dance as a moral code of peace
was used as a ritual for purification
the dance and beliefs were brought to the Lakota by Kicking Bear medicine man who learned it form Wovoka in Nevada
US banned the dance
Chief Sitting BUll hearded the ghost dance from Kicking bear and he spread it amongst the Lakota in Standing Rock

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7
Q

On December 29, 1890-The Massacre of Wounded Knee:

A

Authorities killed Indians and discouraged all ceremonial dancing, however the grass dance was still allowed in Wild West Shows.

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8
Q

American Indian Movement of the 1970s

A

ushered in a renewed focus on traditions and customs. All of these set the stage for the
emergence of the modern powwow.

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9
Q

POWWOW

A
Ceremonial and artistic exchanges
Social
Competition
4 days long
originally Plains Indian tradition but spread across all the natives
means rekindle
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10
Q

The style of the powwow

A
reflects the cultural values celebrated by the event
Calm, 
Dignified
Emotional restraint
strength,
bravery
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11
Q

The posture of powwow

A

Knees usually bent, body lifted forward toward the ground
– Elaborate head movements, especially when miming animals
– Arms close to body, except when imitating birds, opening shawls, etc.

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12
Q

Northern Plains style powwow music

A

high pitch and a fast beat

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13
Q

Southern Plains style powwow music

A

low pitch, a slower beat, and is more reserved

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14
Q

three categories of powwow dance performance

A

ceremonial dances, social dances, and competitive dances

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15
Q

Ceremonial powwow Dance

A

1) Grand entry
2) Honor dance
3) Victory dance

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16
Q

Social powwow dances

A

Intertribal Dances

Friendship or Round Dances.

17
Q

Competition powwow

A

Men’s Northern Traditional Dance – Men’s Southern Straight Dance
– Men’s Grass Dance
– Men’s Fancy War Dance
– Women’s Southern Cloth Dance
– Women’s Traditional Buckskin Dance – Women’s Fancy Shawl Dance
– Women’s Jingle Dress Dance

18
Q

Men’s Northern traditional dance

A

tells a story

includes regalia = large back bustle

19
Q

Men’s southern straight dance

A

story of a hunt

regalia + feather

20
Q

Men’s grass dance

A

harmony of universe

21
Q

Men’s fancy war dance

A

energetic style that evolved from Wild West shows

OKLAHOMA

22
Q

Women’s Southern Cloth Dance

A

SLOW Shawl moves with beat

23
Q

Womens Buckskin Dance

A

Beaded and fringed. Heavy clothing

24
Q

Womens Fancy Shawl

A

Colorful, fast, on toes

25
Q

Womens Jingle Dress

A

Metal pieces on clothing jingle

26
Q

Eldon Yellowhorn

A

Believes powwows have survived due to their uniqueness

27
Q

Lloyd Ewenin

A

teacher and dancer of powwow

28
Q

Maggie Kettle

A

teacher of powwow