MIDTERM TWO!!!! - Things

Question 1

Moai

Answer 1

A group of monolithic stone statues that were carved in the shape of humans. They are located on Easter Island.

Question 2

Bullae

Answer 2

hallow clay spheres or envelopes that enclosed modeled clay tokens or geometric forms in Ancient Mesopotamia, found East of Uruk in Susa.
Dates back to the end of the fourth millenium B.C.
Providing evidence for writing that is approximately as old as the Uruk tablets.

Question 3

Terracotta Army

Answer 3

Soldiers and horses of the first Chinese emperor (Qin Shi Huang).
The soldiers dated back to 210 B.C. discovered by a farmer. Vary in height and are usually 6 feet.
They are all different and have different characteristics. Their purpose was to help rule another empire with Shi Huang Di in the after life.
They guarded the emperors tomb

Question 4

Priest King

Answer 4

They appear around 3000 BCE.
The priests became kings because they had control over food distribution and they could directly communicate with the Gods.
They also kept track of transactions. It was a logical step for them to be kings because they controlled the largest aspects of sumerian life.

Question 5

Standard of Ur

Answer 5

This was found in the Royal Tombs of Ur and depicts Sumerian times of War and Peace on either side;
a sumerian artifact excavated from the royal cemetery of UR, and it is a hollow box with scenes of war and peace on each side through elaborately inlaid mosaics

Question 6

Coprolite

Answer 6

Fossilized feces

Question 7

Ziggurat

Answer 7

massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks.

It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown.

Question 8

Narmer Palette

Answer 8

Egyptian (Early Dynastic, Dynasty 1).
3000 BCE.
Mudstone.
Hierakonpolis. (Narmer wears crown of Upper Egypt and bull’s tail (strength) triumphing over foes and holds rope around head with papyrus (lower egypt); shows the unification of upper and lower egypt, where on one side it shows Narmer wearing the white crown of upper egypt, and on the other side he wears the red crown of lower egypt

Question 9

Papyrus

Answer 9

A material prepared in ancient Egypt from the pithy stem of a water plant, used in sheets throughout the ancient Mediterranean world for writing or painting on and also for making rope, sandals, and boats; a tall marsh plant, or reed, of the Nile valley that the ancient Egyptians cut into strips and pressed into a kind of paper to write on

Question 10

Seal stamps

Answer 10

Found at Uruk and other sites in southern Mesopotamia, were used to impress symbols on wet pieces of clay.
Their presence indicates that early Mesopotamian urbanism was taking root in both the northern and southern parts of this region.

Question 11

Mastaba

Answer 11

Is a type of ancient Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed, rectangular structure with outward sloping sides, constructed out of mud-bricks (from the Nile River) or stone.
Mastabas marked the burial sites of many eminent Egyptians during Egypt’s Early Dynastic Period and Old Kingdom.

Question 12

Rosetta Stone

Answer 12

A huge stone slab inscribed with hieroglyphics, Greek, and a later form of Egyptian that allowed historians to understand Egyptian writing.

Question 13

Cuneiform

Answer 13

A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables.
It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of western Asia.
I.e. a simplified form of Mesopotamian writing

Question 14

Egyptian hieroglyphs

Answer 14

Emerged 3400 years ago before the birth of Christ.
A visual language made up of signs.
Not an alphabet.
Hieroglyphs are a mixed system of symbols, logographs, determinatives, pictographs, and syllable writing.

Question 15

Chinese oracle bones

Answer 15

Have provided useful information about the rulers of the Shang dynasty;
Wrote on them, then heated them until cracks formed and then read them.
These “foretold the future and the will of spirits.”

Question 16

Indus Script

Answer 16

On bangles, seals, tablets, signboards, 300-425 unique symbols, mythological scenes, used by religious leaders to communicate names of deities, male in yoga position, animals (occupation, cities, family, name ?)

Question 17

LIDAR

Answer 17

Light detection and ranging;
a technology used in archaeology to detect buildings, remains of roads, agricultural terraces, aqueducts, caves; it can produce three-dimensional imaging and can penetrated the forest canopy

Question 18

Pyramid Complex

Answer 18

Mud brick and bitumen tombs with little interior space that originated from mastabas

Question 19

Khmer Empire

Answer 19

The most powerful and longest-lasting kingdom on the mainland of southwest Asia, centering in what is today Cambodia;
They had no currency, through taxation, the royal court received and distributed large amounts of subsistence goods including rice, fish, salt, honey, oil, and cloth

Question 20

Description de l’Egypte

Answer 20

a series of publications, appearing first in 1809 through 1829 which offered a comprehensive scientific description of ancient and modern Egypt, as well as its natural history.
It is a collaborative work of about 160 civilian scholars and scientists, named savants, who accompanied Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt