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Patient Care III > Midterm Review-OEQ > Flashcards

Midterm Review-OEQ Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of pocket/probing depth?

A

gingival margin to the bottom of the pocket

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2
Q

What is the definition of attachment loss?

A

From CEJ to the base of the pocket

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3
Q

CEJ is required for the measurement of:

A

attachment loss

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4
Q

Gingival pocket- false pocket:

A

pseudopocket

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5
Q

A psuedopocket is caused by:

A

hyperplasia; coronal movement of the gingival margin

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6
Q

A psuedopocket involves no _____ of ____

A

apical migration of junctional epithelium

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7
Q

Describe the bone loss with a pseudopocket:

A

no bone loss (all pseudo pockets are supra bony)

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8
Q

What is the ppm of in-office fluoride?

A

greater than 9,000 ppm

Our slide give 22,600ppm as an example

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9
Q

What is the fluoride concentration of prevident?

A

5000 ppm (1.1% NaF)

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10
Q

Do you use toothpaste prior to applying gel or foam fluorides?

A

Yes, you should brush the patients teeth then apply

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11
Q

If a patient overdoses on fluoride, what should you give them? Also what is considered “overdosing”

A

> 5mg/kg

EMERGENT SITUATION= >15mg/kg (9-1-1)
- calcium, aluminum or magnesium products

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12
Q

What is the current fluoride standard in water?

A

0.7ppm

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13
Q

What do we mean by “optimal” fluoride levels in water?

A

minimal caries with minimal fluorosis

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14
Q

What is the optimal RANGE of fluorination of water?

A

0.6-1.2 ppm (though 0.7 is optimal LEVEL)

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15
Q

0.7 ppm fluoride in water will decrease caries with __% of the population experiencing fluorosis

A

less than 10%

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16
Q

What is the definition of plaque?

A

organized mass of bacteria in a gel matrix

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17
Q

Which of the following is NOT true concerning the acquired pellicle?

A) It is a glycoprotein from saliva
B) It is a mode of attachment for calculus
C) If it is removed, it immediately reforms
D) It is primarily composed of bacteria

A

D- It is primarily composed of bacteria is false

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18
Q

The acquired pellicle is made of:

A
  1. polysaccharides
  2. proteins
  3. glycoproteins
  4. lipid material
  5. DNA
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19
Q

“the pellicle forms first on the tooth…

A

providing bacteria a surface to attach to

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20
Q

When does bacteria colonization occur?

A

As soon as acquired pellicle is introduced/forms in the mouth

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21
Q

Within the first 4 hours of bacterial colonization of plaque, 47-85% of the organisms are:

A

streptococcus

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22
Q

When an energy source is introduced, microorganisms produce:

A- acid
B- intracellular polysaccharides
C- extracellular polysaccharides
D- acid and intracellular polysaccharides
E- all of the above

A

All of the above (E)

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23
Q

T/F: The optimal level of water fluoridation is 70 ppm. Optimal levels mean minimal caries with minimal fluorosis.

A

Statement 1 is false; Statement 2 true

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24
Q

T/F: After fluoride deposition, the concentration of fluoride is highest in the surface enamel and decreases as you approach the dentin

A

True

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25
Q

After fluoride deposition, where is the concentration of fluoride the highest?

A

surface enamel

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26
Q

In office fluorides are ____ ppm

A

9000-28,000

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27
Q

Which of the following is used for in-office fluoride treatments?

A

2% Neutral sodium fluoride- 9000ppm (rarely used)

1.23% Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF)- 12,300 ppm (rarely used)

5.0% NaF - 22,600 ppm- varnish (commonly used)

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28
Q

If a patient is 40 kg, what is there probably toxic dose (PTD)?

A

200 mg

(40kg x 5 mg/kg = 200mg)

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29
Q

Why is brushing your teeth before using a prescription gel indicated?

A

The prescription gel does not have abrasive systems

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30
Q

One can decrease fluorosis by:

A

Decreasing the amount of fluoride accidentally ingested in children during tooth development

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31
Q

Which of the following is false concerning cementum?

A

The acellular portion is towards the apex of the root

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32
Q

Which is false regarding gingival fibers?

A

unites marginal gingiva with periodontal ligament

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33
Q

Which structure is also termed the lamina dura and cribriform plate?

A

alveolar bone proper

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34
Q

Which is the least likely determinant of unhealthy gingiva?

  • color
  • consistency
  • stippling
A

stippling

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35
Q

The consistency of healthy gingiva should be:

A

firm and resilient

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36
Q

In smokers, the gingiva will have ___ likelihood of bleeding during probing

A

lesser

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37
Q

List the parts of the periodontium (4):

A

Gingiva, PDL, Cementum, Alveolar Bone

(NOT- Alveolar mucosa or enamel)

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38
Q

The attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are separated by the:

A

mucogingival junction

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39
Q

Which of the following are non-keratinized: (3)

A
  1. gingival col
  2. junctional epithleium
  3. alveolar mucosa
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40
Q

Color of gingiva is determined by:

A

vascularity of the gingiva

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41
Q

To measure the amount of attached gingiva:

A

subtract the pocket depth from the keratinized gingiva

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42
Q

The least amount of attached gingiva is found:

A

on the facial of mandibular premolars

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43
Q

What is the basis of branstromms theory of hydrodynamics?

A

Fluid movement in the dentinal tubules produces sensitivity and pain

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44
Q

Gingivitis class I is characterized by:

A

No bone loss

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45
Q

Periodontitis is characterized by: (2)

A
  1. bone loss
  2. apical migration of the JE
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46
Q

What bacteria is associated with periodontal disease? (5)

A
  1. Aggregatibacter actinomysetemcomitan (Aa)
  2. Treponema denticola (Td)
  3. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)
  4. Prevotella intermedia (Pi)
  5. Tanerella forsythia (Tf)
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47
Q

Gingivitis is characterized by:

A
  1. BOP
  2. Increased GCF
  3. Edema
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48
Q

What is your response when a patient informs you that they bleed during flossing?

A

tell the patient they have gingivitis

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49
Q

Fluoride varnish ppm is approximately:

A

22,000 ppm

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50
Q

Recession occurs from the:

A

CEJ to gingival margin

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51
Q

Major component of plaque biofilm:

A

pellicle

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52
Q

What is the main role of calculus:

A

Keeps plaque in contact with the gingiva

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53
Q

T/F you use your middle finger to roll the instrument:

A

false

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54
Q

Angling 45-90 degrees with the instrument allows for:

A

proper removal of calculus

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55
Q

What is the fluoride concentration of an over the counter mouthwash?

A

225ppm

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56
Q

What is the fluoride concentration of a prescription toothpaste?

A

5000 ppm

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57
Q

Where would you sit to see the facial of 2nd molars with direct vision

A

9 o’clock

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58
Q

True and false pockets have what in common?

A

bleeding & hyperplasia

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59
Q

If the gingival portion of the tooth is white and chalky, what is wrong?

A

decalcification

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60
Q

After applying fluoride varnish, what is the patient instruction:

A

Can eat and drink immediately (but not chips/hard stuff)

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61
Q

How long does SDF take to remineralize (arrest caries)?

A

1 week

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62
Q

What is the indication for use of SDF?

A

Caries present on posterior dentition

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63
Q

SDF allows for:

A

formation of hydroxyapatite and fluorapetite

(treated surfaces will be less susceptible to caries)

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64
Q

What is the fluoride content of kids toothpaste?

A

1000 ppm

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65
Q

The acquired pellicle is mainly composed of:

A

glycoproteins

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66
Q

Plaque is formed by saliva/exudate and:

A

bacteria & acquired pellicle

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67
Q

T/F: secondary colonizers do not colonize on clean teeth:

A

True (primary colonizers work on clean teeth; secondary colonizers work on pellicle)

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68
Q

One fluoride that is NOT used in a dental office is:

A

stannous fluoride

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69
Q

To measure the attached gingiva use:

A

keratinized gingiva - sulcus depth

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70
Q

Anchors tooth to bone by PDL:

A

cementum

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71
Q

Mouth wash is beneficial for communities:

A

with or without fluoridated water

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72
Q

What is the fluoride content of OTC toothpaste:

A

1,000 ppm

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73
Q

How do you adapt to the line angles?

A

roll instrument between thumb & forefinger

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74
Q

Bleeding on probing is due to (2):

A
  1. ulceration in sulcular epithelium
  2. presence of inflammation
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75
Q

T/F: APF is a more effective form of fluoride so we want to use it. Enamel that has fluoride is less susceptible to caries.

A

Statement 1 false
Statement 2 true

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76
Q

T/F: Neutral fluoride has a metalic taste:

A

false- SDF does

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77
Q

Psuedopockets and true pockets have what in common? (3)

A
  1. gingival inflammation
  2. bleeding on probing
  3. increased pocket depth
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78
Q

What is the distinct difference between natural tooth and natural periodontium vs. dental implant and periodontium?

  1. Dental implant will have ____ vascularity
  2. Dental implant will NOT have a ___
  3. Dental implant will have ____ gingival fibers
  4. Dental implant will have collagen fibers ___ to implant
A
  1. less
  2. PDL
  3. fewer
  4. parallel
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79
Q

What are the components of a dental implant? (3)

A
  1. implant body
  2. abutment
  3. fabricated crown
    (made of titanium)
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80
Q

What is the seating position for the anterior area of the mandibular arch when working on toward surfaces?

A

8-9 o’clock

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81
Q

What is the seating position for the anterior surfaces of the maxillary arch when working on toward surfaces?

A

8-9 o’clock

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82
Q

What is the seating position for the anterior area of the mandibular arch when working away surfaces?

A

12 o’clock

83
Q

What is the seating position for the anterior surfaces of the maxillary arch when working on the away surfaces?

A

12 o’clock

84
Q

What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the mandibular arch using direct vision?

A

9 o’clock

85
Q

What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the maxillary arch using direct vision?

A

9 o’clock

86
Q

What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the mandibular arch using indirect vision?

A

10-11 o’clock

87
Q

What is the seating position for the posterior aspects of the maxillary arch using indirect vision?

A

10-11 o’clock

88
Q

Where can universal curettes be used?

A

all surfaces of the mouth

89
Q

How many cutting edges does a sickle scaler have?

A

two

90
Q

How many cutting edges does a universal curette have?

A

two

91
Q

What is the shape of a sickle scaler?

A

pointed toe (tip?)

92
Q

What is the shape of a universal curette?

A

rounded toe

93
Q

Where is a posterior sickle scaler used?

A

interproximal surfaces ONLY

94
Q

Which part of a periodontal instrument is the working end?

A) toe
B) middle
C) heel

A

toe

95
Q

What is the angulation for sickle scalers and universal curettes?

A

90 degrees

96
Q

What is the cross section of a sickle scaler?

A

triangular

97
Q

What is the cross section of a universal curette?

A

half-elliptical

98
Q

What is the blade for a sickle scaler?

A

straight

99
Q

What is the blade for a universal curette?

A

straight

100
Q

Describe a sickle scaler:

  1. end
  2. cutting edge
  3. angulation
  4. cross-section
  5. blade
A
  1. pointed toe (tip)
  2. 2
  3. 90 degrees
  4. triangular
  5. straight
101
Q

Describe a universal curette:

  1. end
  2. cutting edge
  3. angulation
  4. cross-section
  5. blade
A
  1. rounded toe
  2. 2
  3. 90 degrees
  4. half-elliptical
  5. straight
102
Q

Which of the following is NOT a component of the periodontium?

A- cementum
B- dentin
C- alveolar bone
D- gingiva

A

B- dentin

103
Q

The allowed seating position for both right and left-handed clinicians working on the facial aspect of the maxillary anterior teeth:

A

12 o’clock for both

104
Q

Which best describes the reddish color of diseases gingival tissues?

A

erythema

105
Q

Which aspect of the periodontium is NOT present around a dental implant?

A

cementum

106
Q

Which is the most common CEJ relationship found the patient population?

A

overlap

107
Q

Mineralization of calculus is composed mostly of:

A

inorganic components (70-90%)

108
Q

How many days does it take an acquired pellicle to develop?

A

7 days

109
Q

T/F: Organisms in a biofilm are 100-150x more resistant to antibiotics

A

False- they are actually 1000-1500x more resistant

110
Q

Which surface would required an offset position?

A

Any posterior distal surface would require offset (#28 DB)

111
Q

What is the difference between the anterior and posterior sickle scaler?

A

Design of shank- posterior sickle scaler will have a bend in the shank

112
Q

Where should the light be positioned when viewing the mandibular arch?

A

Directly above the patient

113
Q

Where should the light be positioned when viewing the maxillary arch?

A

45 degree angle pointing down

114
Q

SDF percentage to be effective against caries:

A

38%

115
Q

Erythema occurs in what stage of gingivitis:

A

II

116
Q

Established gingivitis lesion is characterized by:

A

color change

117
Q

Where would you sit for indirect vision of the posterior sextant?

A

11 o’clock

118
Q

Where would you sit for direct vision of the posterior sextant?

A

9 o’clock

119
Q

The terminal shank should be held ___ to the long axis of the tooth:

A

parallel

120
Q

What is the light grasp used for?

A

tactile sensitivity

121
Q

What is NOT a function of the PDL?

A

strengthening

122
Q

A true pseudopocket is caused by:

A

hyperplasia

123
Q

Over-angulatioten of sickle scalers could contribute to:

A

burnished calculus

124
Q

Principle fibers that have masticatory stresses?

A

oblique fibers

125
Q

A valley-like depression in the portion of the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area of two adjacent teeth and connects the facial and lingual papillae

A

gingival col

126
Q

What is the most likely reason that gingivitis does NOT progress to periodontitis:

A

patient is not susceptible

127
Q

What is easily displaced by water?

A

materia alba

128
Q

What best describes a periodontal explorer?

A

used for caries detection and sub gingival calculus removal

129
Q

What instrument would you use to remove supra gingival calculus off a posterior molar?

A

posterior sickle scaler

130
Q

What instrument is most likely to hurt the gingiva when used incorrectly?

A

sickle scaler

131
Q

When probing, how many measurements per tooth?

A

6 - (DF, F, MF, ML, L, DL)

132
Q

Anaerobic glycolysis does what to the oral cavity?

A

decreases pH

133
Q

What is NOT a function of the periodontal probe?

A) measure size of lesion
B) removal of calculus
C) test for BOP
D) measure overbite/overjet

A

B- removal of calculus

134
Q

When is SDF contraindicated? (2)

A
  1. pulpal expsoure
  2. silver allergy
135
Q

Which gingival fibers connect to cementum?

A

dentoperiosteal & dentogingival

136
Q

T/F: Pointed or peaked papilla is seen in disease

A

False- founded papilla seen in disease

137
Q

T/F: You would NOT use the mm in the nabers probe when determining furcation involvement:

A

true

138
Q

Mrs. Smith has red, inflamed gums, probing reads 2-4 mm with mandibular molars reading 5 mm. What is your diagnosis?

A

gingivitis

139
Q

Why can you go subgingival with a curette?

A

Rounded back/rounded cutting edge

140
Q

T/F: Bacteria release noxious substances. The primary role of the noxious agent is to make an inflammatory response.

A

Both statements true

141
Q

What does NOT contribute to periodontitis?

A

Longitudinal growth

142
Q

If calculus is subgingival on the root, why would it need to be removed?

A

Calculus keeps the plaque in contact

143
Q

Inflammatory processes extending to affect the PDL and alveolar bone, resulting in:

A

Clinical attachment loss

144
Q

CEJ to base of pocket:

A

attachment loss

145
Q

Where is light supposed to be when viewing the mandibular arch:

A

directly above

146
Q

What happens when bacteria shift apical from primary to mature?

A

Co-adhesion of bacteria (maybe microbiome shift?)

147
Q

Silver diamine fluoride percentage to be effective against caries:

A

38%

148
Q

Erythema occurs in what stage of gingivitis?

A

II

149
Q

An established gingivitis lesion will show:

A

color change

150
Q

What are the 4 essential oils?

A
  1. thymol
  2. eucalyptol
  3. methy salicylate
  4. menthol
151
Q

True about fluoride:

A

Fluoride is >9000ppm over calcium fluoride

152
Q

When using the mirror for indirect vision of the mandibular lingual, you should:

A

retract the tongue

153
Q

Where do you sit for indirect vision of a posterior sextant?

A

11:00

154
Q

Where do you sit for direct vision of a posterior segment?

A

9:00

155
Q

The terminal shank is held:

A

parallel to the tooth

156
Q

What bacteria below is NOT involved with periodontitis?

A

Porphyromonas intermedium

157
Q

The pellicle is mainly composed of:

A

glycoproteins

158
Q

What does it mean if you have bleeding on probing?

A

ulceration of the epithelium

159
Q

Light grasp of instrument allows for:

A

increase in tactile sensitivity

160
Q

Functions of the PDL include

A
  1. formative
  2. supportive
  3. nutritive
  4. sensory
161
Q

What is NOT a function of the PDL?

A

Strengthening

162
Q

All plaque has been removed from the teeth. After 4 hrs which of the following makes up 47-85% of bacteria present?

A

streptococci

163
Q

Why does CHX not have an ADA seal?

A

ADA seals are for consumer product and OTC products (NOT PRESCRIPTIONS)

164
Q

Alcohol is used as a:

A

solvent

165
Q

Which of the following are not a secondary, local causative factor of periodontal disease?

A

Stress

(xerostomia, and medication are!!)

166
Q

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor of caries?

A

Smoking

(snacker & drug use are risk factors)

167
Q

Which of the following is a disease indicator of caries?

A

restorations within 3 years

168
Q

A true pseudo pocket is caused by:

A

hyperplasia

169
Q

Overangulation of sickle scalers:

A

will result in burnished calculus

170
Q

T/F: The middle finger is used to roll an instrument:

A

FALSE

171
Q

Describe when cementum is deposited:

A

continuously deposited apically throughout life

172
Q

Alveolar mucosa is NOT:

a- thick, nonkeratinized
b- moveable tissue
c- separate from attached gingiva at MGJ
d- darker shade of red

A

A- thick, nonkeratinized

Alveolar mucosa is thin and non-keratinized

173
Q

What is false about gingival fiber groups:

a) around the cervical area within gingival tissues
b) includes dentogingival, alveologingival, circumferential, dentoperiosteal & transeptal fibers

A

These are both true- we don’t know the actual answer

174
Q

Soft, sponge, dense, BOP is used to describe:

A

consistency

175
Q

Principal fibers that have masticatory stresses:

A

oblique fibers

176
Q

Principal fibers from the root apex to adjacent surrounding bone to resist vertical forces:

A

apical fibers

177
Q

Principal fibers from the cementum in the middle of each root to adjacent alveolar bone to resist TIPPING of the tooth:

A

horizontal fibers

178
Q

Principle fibers from the alveolar crest to cementum just below the CEJ to resist intrusive forces:

A

alveolar crest fibers

179
Q

Principle fibers from the cementum between the roots of multi-rooted teeth to the adjacent bone to resist vertical and lateral forces:

A

Intraradicular fibers

180
Q

Transeptal fibers provide resistance to:

A

the separation of teeth

181
Q

Circumferential fibers help maintain the tooth:

A

in position

182
Q

Most coronal to teeth:

a- attached gingiva
b- MGJ
c- free gingiva

A

C- free gingiva

183
Q

Valley like depression of inter-proximal contact areas:

A

gingival col

184
Q

Most likely reason that gingivitis doesn’t progress to periodontitis:

A

patient not susceptible

185
Q

OTC fluoride = ____ ppm

A

1000

186
Q

Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid make an intracellular matrix, what els contributes to it?

A

bacteria

187
Q

Saliva, GCF, and bacteria all contribute to:

A

intracellular matrix

188
Q

Easily displaced with water:

A

Materia alba

189
Q

T/F- bacteria attaches to the acquired pellicle….

A

true??

190
Q

Used for caries detectors and sub gingival calculus detection:

A

periodontal explorer

191
Q

What instrument would you use to remove supra gingival calculus off a posterior molar?

A

Posterior sickle scaler

192
Q

What instrument is most likely to hurt the gingiva if used wrong?

A

sickle scaler

193
Q

When probing, how many measurements per tooth?

A

6

194
Q

Anaerobic glycolysis does what to the oral cavity?

A

decrease the pH

195
Q

What causes calculus to start forming subgingivally?

A

…

196
Q

A patient had gingivitis and it did not turn into periodontitis, why is this?

A

Not a susceptible host

197
Q

What is true about the free gingival groove?

A

occurs in 50% of the populations and something else

198
Q

What would you use for generalized supra gingival calculus, posterior maxillary sextant?

A

posterior sickle scaler

199
Q

Why does the color of gingiva play a key role in evaluating the health of the gingiva?

A

vascular changes

200
Q

What has 12,300 ppm?

A

APF

201
Q

What is NOT a function of PDL fibers?

A

attachment of cementum to tooth

202
Q

Cementum is NOT:

a) calcified connective tissue covering roots of teeth

b) continuously deposited in the apical area of the tooth through out life

c) attach the PDL to tooth

d) most mineralized of calcified tissues

A

D- most mineralized of calcified tissues

203
Q
A

Patient Care III (16 decks)

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