Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MEDSURG 112 Prelim > MIDTERM QUIZ 1 > Flashcards

MIDTERM QUIZ 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Regulates homeostasis by sensing system deviations and sending nerve impulses to appropriate organs.

A

Nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Controls and coordinates the body’s response to changes in the environment using hormones

A

Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the dynamic process in which the body maintains balance by constantly adjusting to internal and external stimuli

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the property of particles in a solution to dissociate into ions.

A

Osmolarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the balance of positive and negative charges.

A

Electroneutrality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

relaying of information about a given condition to the appropriate organ or system.

A

Feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the body reverses an original stimulus for the body to regain physiologic balance.

A

Negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Enhances or intensifies the original stimulus.

A

Positive feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A woman in labor contractions in childbirth what kind of feedback?

A

Positive malamang

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Osmoregulation
what kind of feedback?

A

negative syempre kaya nga regulation e bobo kaba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Consist of water, electrolytes, blood plasma and component cells, proteins, and other soluble particles

A

solutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a dynamic process that is crucial for life and homeostasis.

A

Fluid and electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fluid occupies almost _____ of the weight of an adult.

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

two fluid compartments:

A

intracellular space and extracellular space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

stabilizing agent for the parts of the cell, helps maintain cell shape, and assists with transport of nutrients across the cell membrane, in and out of the cell.

A

Intracellular fluid / icf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

mostly appears as interstitial tissue fluid and intravascular fluid.

A

Extracellular fluid / ecf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid contains?

A

Instertitial fluid of 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Intraocular fluid is made of?

A

Plasma 7.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fluid within blood vessels contains plasma

A

Intravascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Surrounds the cell (cartilages, connective tissue)

A

Interstitial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fluid found in body cavities (CSF intestinal fluid)

A

Transcellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

stimulates or inhibits the desire for a person to drink.

A

thirst center in the hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

regulates the amount of water the kidney tubules absorb and is released in response to low blood volume

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

24
Q

controls fluid volume, in which when the blood volume decreases, blood flow to the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus is reduced

A

Renin angiotensin aldosterone system (raa system)

25
Q

The heart also plays a role in correcting overload imbalances, by releasing _________ from the right atrium.

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide

26
Q

is a series of interconnected brain structures that act as a central hub to control fluid levels in the body.

A

The lamina terminalis (yellow

27
Q

Some cells in the lamina terminalis are adiacent to large, fluid-filled compartments in the brain, called

A

ventricles (blue).

28
Q

ADH known as

A

VASOPRESSIN obvious naman

29
Q

Give 6 functions of Antidiuretic hormone

OPDBVD

A

Serve as OSMOREGULATOR of the body.
Prevents excess urine production
Decrease sweating
Increase BP
Vasoconstriction
It can cause dehydration.

30
Q

Give the 6 Fluid and electrolyte transport
EBCPPS

A

Total electrolyte concentration
The body cells
The cell membrane
permeability
Permeability of membranes freely permeable membranes
Selectively permeable

31
Q

affects the body’s fluid balance.

A

Total electrolyte concentration

32
Q

Nutrients and oxygen should enter body cells while waste products should exit the body.

A

The body cells

33
Q

Separates the intracellular environment from the extracellular environment.

A

The cell membrane

34
Q

The ability of a membrane to allow molecules to pass through.

A

permeability

35
Q

These membranes allow almost any food or waste substance to pass through.

A

Permeability of membranes freely permeable membranes

36
Q

Each cell’s membrane allows only certain specific substances to pass through.

A

Selectively permeable

37
Q

Passive transport mechanisms
Give the 3
DOF

A

Diffusion
Osmosis
Filtration

38
Q

the process of “being widely spread”, is the random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

A

Diffusion

39
Q

the diffusion of a pure solvent, such as water, across a semipermeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient in situations where the molecules of a higher concentration are non diffusible.

A

Osmosis

40
Q

is the transport of water and dissolved materials concentration already exists in the cell.

A

filtration

41
Q

require specific enzymes and an energy expenditure in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

A

Active transport mechanisms

42
Q

An adult human at rest takes appropriately_____of fluid daily.

A

2,500 ml

43
Q

Urine output give output for male, female and infant

A

60 -120 ml per hour
Male void - 300 - 500ml/day
Female void - 250 ml/day
Infants void - 5-40 Xa day
Preschool children are void - every 2 hrs.

44
Q

chemical system set up to resist changes, particularly in hydrogen ion levels.

A

Buffers

45
Q

are the body’s major chemical buffers.

A

Sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid

46
Q

basic components in the body, and the kidneys are key in regulating the amount of

A

Bicarbonate

47
Q

solution that resists changes in pH when acid or alkali is added to it.

A

Buffers

48
Q

potential or power of hydrogen ion concentration within the solution.

A

pH

49
Q

metabolism is impaired, causing a decrease in bicarbonates and a buildup of lactic acid.

A

Metabolic acidosis

50
Q

causes high anion gap metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis

A

Aspirin

51
Q

occurs when loss of ECF volume exceeds the intake of fluid.

A

hypovolemia

52
Q

refers to an isotonic volume expansion of the ECF caused by the abnormal retention of water and sodium in approximately the same proportions in which they normally exist in the ECF.

A

hypervolemia

53
Q

A 48-year-old male has been admitted with a 24 hour history of abdominal distention and profuse vomiting. A CT scan reveals a large mass causing bowel obstruction. As part of the patient’s assessment, the surgical registrar requests that you check his blood gas (on air), with the results shown below:

PaO2: 12.7 kPa (11 – 13 kPa) || 95.2 mmHg (82.5 – 97.5 mmHg)
pH: 7.50 (7.35 – 7.45)
PaCO2: 5.5 kPa (4.7 – 6.0 kPa) || 41 mmHg (35.2 – 45 mmHg)
HCO3-: 29 (22 – 26 mEq/L)
BE: +3 (-2 to +2)

A

Metabolic alkalosis

54
Q

George Kent is a 54-year-old widower with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough with yellow-green sputum. He has difficulty communicating because of his inability to complete a sentence. One of his sons, Jacob, says he has been unwell for three days. Upon examination, crackles and wheezes can be heard in the lower lobes; he has tachycardia and a bounding pulse. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mmol/L, and PaO2 60 mm Hg. How would you interpret this?

A

Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

55
Q

pH 7.0, PaO2 90 mm Hg, PaCO2 23 mm Hg, and HCO3 12 mmol/L; other results are Na+ 126 mmol/L, K+ 5 mmol/L, and Cl- 95 mmol/L. What is your assessment?

A

D. Metabolic Acidosis, Partially, Compensated

56
Q

pH 7.6, PaO2 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mmol/L.

A

Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

57
Q

pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid-base disorder is shown?

A

. Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

MEDSURG 112 Prelim (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions