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A&P-LVN > Midterm - Lectures 1-6 > Flashcards

Midterm - Lectures 1-6 Flashcards

1
Q

The Heart is an example of a
-Organism
-Organ
-Tissue
-System

A

organ

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2
Q

In which abdominal region is the liver located?
a.Right hypochondriac
b.Right lumbar
c.Right Flank
d.Left hypochondriac
e.Right inguinal

A

Right hypochondriac

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3
Q

Which abdominal region is the stomach located?
-Epigastrium
-Umbilical
-Left hypochondriac
-Right hypochondriac
-hypogastrium

A

-epigastrium

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4
Q

The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a ——- section
a. frontal
b. Coronal
c. sagittal
d. Transverse

A

sagittal

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5
Q

The level of organization directly below the organ level is the _____ level.
a. system
b. tissue
c. cellular
d. chemical

A

tissue

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6
Q

Which region is located superior to the hypogastrium?
a. right iliac
b. umbilical
c. right flank
d. hypogastric
e. epigastium

A

umbilical

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7
Q

The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm.
True or false

A

False

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8
Q

Acids have
a. less h+ ions
b. ph less that 7
c. ph more than 7 and less H+ ions

A

ph less that 7

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9
Q

Bonds that usually dissociate (separate) in water to form electrolytes are _____ bonds.
a. ionic
b. covalent no polar
c. organic

A

ionic

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10
Q

In which abdominal region the sigmoid colon is found?
- left iliac
-right iliac
-epigastrium
-right inguinal
-left lumbar

A

-left iliac

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11
Q

Which abdominal region houses the majority of the descending colon?
-epigastrium
-left flank
- left inguinal
-right inguinal
-right flank

A

left flank

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12
Q

The human body tries to maintain hydration. This is an example of
-a sensor
-positive feedback loop
-an effector
-homeostasis

A

homeostasis

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13
Q

he lower part of the ventral body cavity -
abdominopelvic cavity

part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain-
cranial cavity

a muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities-
diaphragm

divides the body into right and left sides-
sagittal plane

divides the body into front and rear parts-
frontal plane

cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities-
thoracic cavity

A

match

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14
Q

The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a _____ section.
-midsagittal
-frontal
-transverse
-sagittal

A

-frontal

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15
Q

Which abdominal region is located lateral to the umbilical region?
-iliac
-hypochondriac
-epigastric
-lumbar

A

lumbar

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16
Q

Alkaline have
-a ph more that 7
-a ph less than 7
-more H+ ions and ph more than 7

A

a ph more than 7

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17
Q

Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts?
-Anatomy
-Physiology
-Pathology
-Dissection

A

Physiology

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18
Q

Cells:
a. are more complex than tissues
b. are the first level of organization in the body
c. are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body

A

c. are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body

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19
Q

The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are:
a.cell - organelle → organ - tissue - system
b.organelle → cell - tissue - organ - system
c.tissue - cell -organelle →organ -system
d.tissue - cell - organ - organelle →system

A

b.organelle → cell - tissue - organ - system

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20
Q

The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called
-the sensor
-homeostasis
-the control center
-the effector

A

the sensor

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21
Q

Which abdominal region is located below the umbilical region?

A

hypogastric

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22
Q

Which term means toward the head?

A

superior

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23
Q

A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a

A

tissue

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24
Q

A coronal plane or section is another term for a _____ plane

A

frontal

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25
Q

In which abdominal region is the spleen located?

A

left hypogastric

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26
Q

Which of the options describes below correspond to a function of the Osteoclasts
-Builds bone
-secretes synovial fluid into joints
-raises blood calcium levels
-regulates the production of blood cells

A

raises calcium levels

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27
Q

Which of the following bones
is not located in the lower limbs?
-tarsal
-tibia
-ulna
-femur

A

ulna

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28
Q

Which of the following substances makes the skin water resistant?

A

keratin

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29
Q

Which structure refers to the shaft of a long bone?

A

dyaphysis

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30
Q

The diaphysis is the

A

shaft of long bone

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31
Q

What is the outer lining of connective tissue that surrounds the diaphysis of a long bone ?

A

periosteum

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32
Q

C1 to C7 refer to

A

vertebrae

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33
Q

What is the term that refers to the replacement of cartilage by bone?

A

ossification

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34
Q

Fontanels are

A

areas found in the infant skull that are membranous

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35
Q

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal refer to

A

vertebrae

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36
Q

Which of the following describes exfoliation and desquamation?

A

The sloughing off by the stratum corneum of dead cells

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37
Q

Which word(s) best reflect(s) the function of the epiphyseal disc (Aka. Growth cartilage) ?

A

Longitudinal growth

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38
Q

Which of the following is true of the following terms: osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, and osseous tissue?

A

all refer to bone

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39
Q

The __________ is synthesized (produced) by the skin and is necessary for calcium absorption from the digestive tract.

A

Vitamin D

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40
Q

Which of the following is not part of the thoracic cage?

A

Pelvic bones

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41
Q

The hypodermis:

A

is also called the subcutaneous layer.

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42
Q

Which bone is found in the skull but not in the cranium?

A

Mandible

43
Q

What is the name of the “soft spots” in a baby’s skull?

A

Fontanels

44
Q

Which of the following is located at the ends of a long bone?

A

Epiphysis

45
Q

The occipital bone

A

contains the foramen magnum

46
Q

Which bone is found in the skull but is not a facial bone?

A

Occipital

47
Q

Cancellous refers to a

A

spongy bone

48
Q

What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscles?

A

goosebumps

49
Q

The Haversian system (osteon) is

A

the functional unit of the bone

50
Q

the zygomatic bone

A

is called the cheekbone

51
Q

What is the function of the masseter muscle?

A

chews food

52
Q

Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle?

A

diaphram

53
Q

Which of the following is not descriptive of the medulla oblongata?

A

cardiovascular respiratory center

54
Q

The medulla oblongata is:
a.sensitive to the effects of opioids (narcotics).
b.all of the above.
c.located in the brain stem.
d.an infratentorial structure.

A

b.all of the above.

55
Q

The orbicularis oris muscle

A

surrounds the mouth

56
Q

The medulla oblongata descends as the

A

spinal cord

57
Q

What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone?

A

tendon

58
Q

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are referred to as the

A

brain stem

59
Q

The frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes form the

A

cerebrum

60
Q

Which cranial nerve is responsible for eye movements?

A

CN II

61
Q

Which of the following is an event that occurs within the neuromuscular junction?

A

Binding of the acetylcholine to the cholinergic receptor on the muscle membrane

62
Q

The corpus callosum:

A

connects the right and left hemispheres.

63
Q

A tendon:

A

attaches muscle to bone.

64
Q

The orbicularis oculi:

A

encircles the lips

65
Q

Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression?

A

CN VII

66
Q

There are four major areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and

A

cerebellum

67
Q

Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing?

A

intercostal muscles

68
Q

Which of the following muscles is described as striated and involuntary?

A

cardiac

69
Q

Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

70
Q

The cerebral spinal fluid

A

cushions the brain (Protection) , delivers nutrients to the brain, and removes wastes

71
Q

What makes white matter “white”?

A

Myelin

72
Q

Which of the following is true of the diencephalon?

A

Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus

73
Q

Acetylcholine is released from the neuron’s membrane in response to the

A

nerve impluse

74
Q

The Achilles tendon attaches the soleus and which muscle to the calcaneus?

A

gastrocnemius

75
Q

What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons of the white matter nerve cells?

A

myelin

76
Q

Which of the following statements is not true of the spinal cord?

A

It extends form the occipital bone to the third sacral vertebra

77
Q

The two principal divisions that make up the nervous system are the:

A

Central and peripheral nervous system

78
Q

The autonomic nervous system is considered a subdivision of the central nervous system.

A

false

79
Q

Which of the following types of muscle is stimulated by the Somatic Nervous System?

A

skeletal muscle

80
Q

Which of the following is most characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

rest and digest system

81
Q

Stimulation of Alpha 1 receptors produce

A

vasoconstriction

82
Q

Parkinson disease is treated by trying to get more dopamine into the brain

A

true

83
Q

An adrenergic receptor is stimulated by

A

epinephrine

84
Q

_____________are part of the peripheral nervous system and is stimulated by Acetylcholine.

A

somatic and the parasympathetic system

85
Q

Alpha and beta receptors are

A

associated with the sympathetic nervous system

86
Q

Norepinephrine and acetylcholine both belong to a group of compounds called catecholamines.

A

false

87
Q

A beta1 receptor

A

increases heartrate

88
Q

Which of the following is least related to the sympathetic nervous system?

A

cholinergic effect

89
Q

The Synaptic area are compose by the pre-synaptic, post- synaptic and the synaptic gap

A

true

90
Q

Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors stimulate the

A

lungs

91
Q

Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors stimulate the

A

heart

92
Q

Which group is incorrect?

A

Sympathetic responses: decreased blood pressure, decreased heart rate, anxiety

93
Q

What term is used to describe the electrical signal that travels down the axon of a neuron?

A

Action potential

94
Q

The two principal divisions that make up the nervous system are the:

A

peripheral and autonomic

95
Q

Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, bronchodilation, diaphoresis, and pupillary dilation (mydriasis) are consequences of

A

activation of the adrenergic receptors.

96
Q

A neurotransmitter that causes the heart to beat stronger and faster is called

A

adrenergic

97
Q

Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes relaxation of the breathing passages (bronchodilation). Which of the following achieves this effect?

A

Beta2-adrenergic

98
Q

The autonomic nervous system consists of neurons that conduct impulses from the PNS to:

a.
Glandular tissue (Example: Salivary glands)

b.
All of the above

c.
Smooth muscle

d.
Cardiac muscle

A

all of the above

99
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the “fight-or-flight” response.

A

true

100
Q

Muscarinic receptors are

A

activated by ACh.

101
Q

Which neurotransmitter is secreted by a cholinergic nerves?

A

acetylcholine

102
Q

The somatic nervous system controls actions of:

A

skeletal muscles

103
Q
A

A&P-LVN (6 decks)

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