Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands
What is the structure of the skin?
-Epidermis
-Dermis
-Subcutaneous/Hypodermis
How many layers does the epidermis have?
5
-Stratum Corneum
-Stratum Lucidum
-Stratum Granulosum
-Stratum Spinosum
-Stratum basale (Stratum Germinativum)
What is the function of the Stratum Basale?
Melanocytes (color, freckles)
What is in the dermis?
Most of the accessory structures of the skin
-Blood/lymph vessels, nerve endings, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, dermal papillae
What is the extension of the dermis into the epidermis?
Dermal Papillae
What layer of the skin do you find the sebaceous glands?
Dermis
What is the composition of the subcutaneous layer?
Fibroblasts, adipocytes, and blood vessels.
What is the function of the subcutaneous layer?
Connects skin to surface muscles, fat storage/energy supply, helps regulate body temp.
Some skin glands produce oily secretion called sebum. What are the name of the glands?
Sebaceous glands
What is the scientific name for sweat glands?
Sudoriferous glands
What are the 5 Sudoriferous (sweat glands)?
-Eccrine
-Apocrine
-Ceruminous
-Ciliary
-Mammary
How do the sebaceous glands and apocrine sweat glands secrete to the outside?
Excretory duct
What two categories of tissues repair themselves most?
Epithelial tissues and connective tissues
What is the name for a cancer of the skins pigment producing cell?
Melanoma
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Framework, Protect, movement, store calcium
What is the end of the long bone called?
Epiphysis
What is the central shaft of a long bone?
Diaphysis
What part of the bone is made up by fat cells?
Yellow marrow
What part of the bone consists of mainly hematopoietic tissue?
Red marrow
What membrane covers the shaft of the long bone?
Periosteum
What thin membrane lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum
What is the bone tissue terminology?
-Harvesian System (Osteons)
-Harvesian Canal (Canal of Havers)
Which layer of the skin is responsible for protection against microorganisms, chemicals, and physical damage?
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous or Hypodermis
d) Stratum corneum
A. Epidermis
What is the primary function of melanocytes in the skin?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Synthesis of vitamin D
c) Protection against microorganisms
d) Production of melanin for skin color and UV protection
d) Production of melanin for skin color and UV protection
Which accessory structure of the skin produces sweat for thermoregulation and excretion?
a) Sebaceous glands
b) Sudoriferous glands
c) Hair follicles
d) Nails
b) Sudoriferous glands
Which term refers to the chronic overgrowth of the epidermis, resulting in red, scaly patches?
a) Dermatitis
b) Psoriasis
c) Acne
d) Impetigo
b) Psoriasis
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
a) Producing blood cells
b) Providing a structural framework for the body
c) Temperature regulation
d) Synthesis of vitamin D
b) Providing a structural framework for the body
Which type of bone is dense and provides mechanical support and protection?
a) Compact bone
b) Spongy bone
c) Yellow bone marrow
d) Cancellous bone
a) Compact bone
Ossification is the process of converting:
a) Cartilage to bone
b) Blood to bone
c) Bone to cartilage
d) Fat to bone
a) Cartilage to bone
Which disorder is characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells caused by UV radiation exposure?
a) Dermatitis
b) Psoriasis
c) Skin cancer
d) Acne
c) Skin cancer
Which joint classification is slightly movable?
a) Fibrous joints
b) Cartilaginous joints
c) Synovial joints
d) Saddle joints
b) Cartilaginous joints
Which skeletal disorder is characterized by a decrease in bone density and increased risk of fractures?
a) Osteoporosis
b) Osteomalacia
c) Paget’s disease
d) Osteomyelitis
a) Osteoporosis
Which are functions of the skin? Select all that apply.
a) Protecting against microorganisms
b) Regulating body temperature
c) Producing vitamin D
d) Synthesizing hemoglobin
e) Absorbing substances
A, B, C, D, E
Which structures are considered accessory structures of the skin? Select all that apply.
a) Sebaceous glands
b) Sweat glands
c) Hair follicles
d) Nails
e) Blood vessels
A, B, C, D, E
Which skin conditions are caused by infections? Select all that apply.
a) Dermatitis
b) Psoriasis
c) Skin cancer
d) Acne
e) Impetigo
f) Fungal infections
g) Viral infections
A, B, C, D, E, F, G
Which are examples of common bone disorders? Select all that apply.
a) Osteoporosis
b) Osteomalacia
c) Paget’s disease
d) Osteomyelitis
e) Scoliosis
f) Rheumatoid arthritis
g) Osteosarcoma
h) Chondrosarcoma
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H
Which joints are considered synovial joints? Select all that apply.
a) Fibrous joints
b) Cartilaginous joints
c) Ball-and-socket joints
d) Hinge joints
e) Pivot joints
f) Saddle joints
A, B, C, D, E, F
