Midterm: Environmental Geology Flashcards
A Mw 8 earthquake generates ground shaking that is _ times greater than that of Mw 4 earthquake.
10,000
The time for the Earth to complete one cycle of obliquity is
41,000 yrs
Majority of the magmas that are expelled that are expelled into the Earth’s surface are generated from what tectonic featyre?
Mid-Oceanic Ridge
Volcanism is prevalent in what type of plate tectonic boundary?
Convergent Plate Boundary
The following are sporadic processes, except:
a. slumping
b. tsunami
c. uplift
d. creep
e. both c and d
e. both c and d
the following are concordant plutonic structures, except:
a. sills
b. lopoliths
c. laccoliths
d. dikes
e. both b and d
d. dikes
the philippines is considered to be what type of tectonic feature?
matured volcanic island arc
Mayon Volcano is a composite volcano that assumes 35 to 40 degree slopes owing to the alternating deposits of pyroclastics and lava flows. What is the average silica concentration of lavas expelled in Mayon Volcano?
52% - 63%
the following can be used to monitor geo-environmental changes occuring on the surface of Earth, except:
a.
b. laccolith
c. concordant
d. discordant
e. none from the choices
BONUS
e. none from the choices
the following are the classification of volcanoes in the Philippines, except;
a. active
b. inactive
c. potentially active
d. dormant
e. extinct
d. dormant or e. extinct
what is the grain size range of lapilli?
2 to 64 mm
these are celestial bodies that orbit around the Sun/star that are primarily composed of rocky and metallic material:
asteroid or meteoroids
the viscosity of magma is mainly influenced by the following factors except:
a. temperature
b. silica content
c. pressure
d. all choices are correct
c. pressure
what is the deepest lake in the Philippines which was formed through transtensional forces?
Lake Mainit
These are stony-meteorites that contain yellow-green olivine crystals encased in shiny metal
pallasites
the fault line scarp in Brgy. Anonang, Inabanga, Bohol was formed due to the magnitude _ earthquake last October 15, 2013 which was generated from what fault?
Mw 7.2 ; North Bohol Fault
what is the grain size range of ash?
< 2 mm
the digdig fault rupture of the Luzon 1990 Earthquake exhibits what type of fault?
sinistral fault
what is the average slope of continental shelves?
<0.1 degree
these are areas where three distinct tectonic plates meet
Triple Junction
The Mw 7.8 earthquake in Turkey last February 6, 2023 was generated from the movement of the Anatolian Fault. What is the general motion of this fault?
Sinistral fault
it is dubbed as the twin planet of Earth
Venus
Which among the following electomagnetic waves have the highest energy?
Gamma rays
it is a climate agreement that required developed countries to reduce emissions by an average of 5 percent below 1990 levels, and established a system to monitor coutrnies’ progress.
Kyoto Protocol
what type of structural landform is the Marikina Valley in the Philippines?
Graben
If alluvium is for streams, _ is for hillslopes?
Colluvium
how many active volcanoes are there in the Philippines?
24
it is a collective term referring to the conjoint action of the physical disintegration and chemical breakdown of rocks and subsequent transportation of these rocks.
denudation
it is the process involving varying weathering rates that influence the morphology of resulting hillslopes
differential weathering
the wavelength of a seismic wave is defined as:
distance between two wave crests
the rate at which rocks resis the agents of weathering and erosion is dependent on the following factors except:
a. mineralogy
b. degree of compaction and cementation
c. porosity and permeability
d. particle size
e. all of the choices are correct
e. all of the choices are correct
it is a material cycle involving circulation and exchange of elements and minerals in the environment
biogeochemical cycle
it is known as the Philippine Mining Act of 1995
RA 7942
What is the principal ore of copper
Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)
Property referring to an earth material’s ability to store and transmit groundwater
permeability
gaining streams are known as _ streams
effluent
it is the process of involving movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers which can lead to groundwater quality degradation
saltwater intrusion
what is the average concentration of dissolved salts in sea water? this concentration is fatal if consumed by any terrestrial organism in sufficient quantity.
35,000 mg/L
known as the parent material of soils
Horizon C
a type of lung disease caused by breathing in tiny bits of silica, a common mineral found in sand, quartz and many other types of rock. this mainly affects workers exposed to silica dust in jobs such as construction and mining. over time, exposure to silica particles causes scarring in the lungs, which can harm your ability to breathe.
Silicosis
the following are factors why Philippines has a very limited number of smelting plants compared to indsutrialized countries such as China, except:
a. high transportation cost
b. expensive electricity
c. limited number of industrial plants that will outsource the refined material
d. all of the choices are factors are correct
d. all of the choices are factors are correct
true or false
acid rock drainage and acid mine drainage are purely naturally occuring processes
False
true or false
strategic minerals and ores are those considered by a given country, but must be exported in significant quantities in order to meet the demands of its population.
False
a process usually employed by small scale miners involving storing of voluminous amounts of water upstream which are subsequently released at once to scour slopes and/or stream banks containing gold bits and nuggets which are then retrieved through hydraulic separation in sluice boxes.
Hydraulicking
true or false
strip mining and surface mining are specific examples of open pit mining wherein disseminated ores and/or seams are extracted in a stair-step, inverted cone manner.
False
what is the chemical formula of chalcopyrite and bornite?
CuFeS2 ; Cu5FeS4
where will the sediments be deposited adjacent to a due east trending groyne if the longshore current flows towards northwest?
southwest of the groyne
