Midterm 2 study guide 1.1

Question 1

Carbon Cycle

Answer 1

Less than 1% of earth’s carbon is in cycle

Moves from inorganic to living systems

Question 2

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer 2

Most abundant gas

Bacteria in soil converts nitrogen gas into useable forms

Question 3

Nitrogen Fixation

Answer 3

gas into sold form for plants

Question 4

Denitrification

Answer 4

nitrogen turning solid to gas

Question 5

Oxygen Cycle

Answer 5

through photosynthesis

Aquatic deadzones - oceans or lakes with no aquatic life due to low oxygen in water

Question 6

Food Chains

Answer 6

Organisms feed on one another, primary mechanism for energy transfer

Fundamental units: plants
Consumers: animals

Question 7

Plant succession

Answer 7

One type of vegetation is replaced by another

Question 8

Xerophyic plants

Answer 8

Desert, roots are modified to seek moisture

Question 9

Hygrophytic Plants

Answer 9

plants adapting to wet environment

Question 10

Annuals and perennials

Answer 10

Annuals - plants that die in 1 year/season

Perennials - survive yearly seasonal fluctuations, takes several years to die

Question 11

Angiosperms

Answer 11

Seeds encased in protective body such as fruit, nut

Question 12

Gymnosperms

Answer 12

seeds in cones, also called conifers

Question 13

Riparian Vegetation

Answer 13

streamside growth, right next to the stream, prominent in dry regions

Question 14

Soil

Answer 14

combination of organic materials, minerals, and organism.

Question 15

Regolith

Answer 15

Inorganic material, includes soil and bedrock

Question 16

Factors of soil development

Answer 16

Climate factor - chemical and biological processes accelerate by high temps and moisture (IN THE TROPICS)