Midterm 2 study guide 1.0

Question 1

Climograph

Answer 1

avg monthly temp as line graph
avg monthly precipitation as bar graph for one location

Question 2

Mediterranean climate

Answer 2

-around 35 degrees N/S
-MILD WET WINTERS, DRY WARM SUMMERS
-summer sth influence

Question 3

[Palaeoclimatology]
Dendrochronology

Answer 3

analyzing tree rings

Question 4

[Palaeoclimatology]
Oxygen isotope analysis

Answer 4

ratio of two oxygen isotopes (lighter o16 evaporates faster, ocean is left with o18)

Question 5

[Palaeoclimatology]
Ice Cores

Answer 5

Drilling into glaciers

Question 6

[Palaeoclimatology]
Pollen Analysis

Answer 6

linked to plants that are adapted to cooler or warmer conditions

Question 7

[Palaeoclimatology]
Remnant glacial landforms

Answer 7

Glacial retreat

Question 8

[Palaeoclimatology]
Speleothem

Answer 8

Deposits from mineral rich caves

Question 9

Climate Change

Answer 9

Human health and food security at risk

Question 10

Anthropogenic Climate Change

Answer 10

-human caused aerosols from burning of fossil fuels can scatter isolation
-is it natural or human caused? both - we are making it worse

Question 11

Fresh water (where)

Answer 11

2% in glaciers, 0.6% groundwater

Question 12

Salt Water (where)

Answer 12

97% in oceans

Question 13

The last 1% of water, where?

Answer 13

In the atmosphere = clouds, water vapor

Question 14

where does rain fall the most?

Answer 14

-78% of precipitation falls into ocean
-22% on land

Question 15

Why are there variations of salinity across the globe?

Answer 15

-Salinity highest in areas with high evaporation, landlocked seas in hot, dry climates

-salinity lowest in areas with freshwater added from rainfall and rivers

Question 16

[Movement of water across the globe, how?]

Surface Currents/Subtropical gytres

Answer 16

produced by westerlies and tradewinds

Question 17

[Movement of water across the globe, how?]

Thermohaline Circulation

Answer 17

Caused by salinity and temperature

Question 18

[Movement of water across the globe, how?]

Global Conveyer-belt Circulation

Answer 18

Combined pattern of surface currents, role in energy transfer and long-term climate

Question 19

How does groundwater flow? where’s the water table?

Answer 19

Water moves downstream through the zone aeration -> water table -> zone of saturation

Question 20

Flora and Fauna

Answer 20

Flora - plants
Fauna - animals