Midterm 2 random

Question 1

morphological features associated with myrecophagus

Answer 1

long snout
long sticky tongue
strong claws
simple digestion
-ketatinized stomach
reduced/absent teeth
sm. pinnae/nostiles

Question 2

characteristics of xenarthra

Answer 2

lack incisors and canines
cheek teeth single rooted if present
xenarthrous vert adds rigidity and extra articulation

extreme specialists
very low Tb and BMR

Question 3

two families in Folivora

what order?

Answer 3

Megalonichidae
Bradypodidae

Pilosa

Question 4

how do sloths cope with eating leaves?

Answer 4

microbial symbionts in compartmented stomach
very low MBR
only deficate 1/2 times a week to save energy
move very slow, insulate well and have a lot Tb

Question 5

Megalonychidae
vs
Bradypodidae

Answer 5

2-toed
bigger
more active
longer gestation
6-8 caudal vert

3-toes
smaller
slower
shorter gestation
8-9 caudal vert
-flexible neck
green fur

Question 6

myrmecophagidae

suborder?

Answer 6

vermilingua

edentate
powerful front legs
single, greatly enlarged front legs
rosta elongated 
tongue long and sticky
pyloric region of stomach thickened
-gizzard

Question 7

dasypodidae

order?

Answer 7

cingulate

armour-like carapace on head, back + sides
non-overlapping, keratinized epidermal scales
connected with flexible skin
vert. modified to attach to carapace
reduced teeth

Question 8

what is the smallest eutherian order?

what is it most closely related to?

Answer 8

Tubulidentata

Macroscelidea

Question 9

tubulidentata

superorder?

Answer 9

afrotheria
-hexagonal dentine prisms
-homodont
ants and termites
solitary and nocturnal

Question 10

pholidota

where did they used to be classified?

Answer 10

Xenarthrans in Edentate

-bodies covered in overlapping scales
-keratinized hairs
-no teeth, long sticky tongues
-sticky viscous saliva on tongues
ants = 96% of diet
-muscular gizzard like region

Question 11

what has caused pangolins to become so endangered? (4)

Answer 11

luxury meat
chinese medicine
scales for good luck
habitat destruction

Question 12

what order has a chorioallantoic placenta

Answer 12

Peramelemorphia

Question 13

how can you tell what a bat eats?

Answer 13

uropatagium = insects

no uro. = fruits

Question 14

what are three adaptations in bats?

Answer 14

1. patagium/uropatagium
2. hind limbs to hang
3. suction cup hands in tropical habitats

Question 15

Odobenidae

Answer 15

walrus
well developed cervical and thoracic vert
fore and hind limbs support body to walk

Question 16

Otariidae

Answer 16

seal lions/furred seals
well developed cervical and thoracic vert
fore and hind limbs support body to walk

Question 17

phocidae

Answer 17

earless/true seals
well developed lumbar vert
clumsy on land

Question 18

what adaptations do elephants have to dissipating heat?

Answer 18

wrinkled skin = holds h20
ears highly vascularized
sparse body hair
behavioural - mud baths, ear flailing, shade

Question 19

how to elephants communicate?

Answer 19

seismic communication

1. somatosensory
   - thick pad of fat on feet conducts vibration detected by mechanoreceptors in
2. bone conduction
   - vibration travels up toenails to bone in middle ear. enlarged malls. can close middle ear canal