Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 201 > midterm #2 ch 12 > Flashcards

midterm #2 ch 12 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

personality

A

the unique characteristics that account for enduring patterns of inner experience and outward behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 3 levels of mind according to freud

A
  1. conscious- we are aware of all thoughts
  2. preconscious- thoughts that can easily be brought to awareness (memory)
  3. unconscious- we are unaware of this and can only become aware through special treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

freuds 3 central forces in personality development

A

id- basic instinctual drives
ego- rational thoughts
superego- moral limits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the id 6

A
  • present at birth
  • insticts (eating, sleeping, sex, comfort)
  • governed by the pleasure principal (always wanting to be fulfilled)
  • libido fuels the id
  • immature/childlike (mindless)
  • resides in unconscious
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the pleasure principal

A

always needing to be fulfilled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the ego 4

A
  • works under reality principal (realization that it is not possible to always be fulfilled)
  • like the id, it wants to fulfill needs/desires, but will approach it realistically in the social and environmental aspect
  • rational, problem-solving
  • works consciously and unconsciously
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

superego 5

A
  • forms during childhood
  • decides what is right and wrong (morals)
  • decides which impulses to express openly
  • can lead to feel guilt and anxiety
  • resides in unconscious and conscious mind
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which forces of personality is the mediator

A

the ego

it balances the powerful desires of the id with the moral standards of the superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the two drives that freud thinks will cause internal conflict

A

sexuality and aggression because they fall under social and moral constraints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

psychosexual stages def 5 of them

A

stages in dev of personality (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) are primarily produced by sexuality and aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

oedipus complex def

A

the boy wanting his mother has his partner, jealous rage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

neurosis

A

abnormal behaviour caused by unresolved conflicts between the id, ego and superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

defence mechanisms

A

unconscious tactics employed by the ego to protect the individual from anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

repression def

A

the most basic defence mechanism; process of keeping unpleasant memories or thoughts buried deep within the unconscious mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

denial def

A

a defence mechanism; the process of refusing to recognize an existing situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

rationalization def

A

creating an excuse to justify unacceptable behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

reaction formation def

A

not acknowledging unacceptable impulses and over-emphasizing their opposite (praising accomplishment even though you resent their success)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

projection

A

transferring ones unacceptable qualities or impulses to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

displacement

A

diverting ones impulses to a more acceptable target (yelling at a family member after your boss yelled at you)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

sublimation

A

channeling socially unacceptable impulses into acceptable activities (redirecting aggressive behaviour by becoming a professional fighter )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

regression

A

reverting to immature ways of responding (throwing tantrum when frustrated)

22
Q

identification

A

enhancing self-esteem by imaging or forming alliances with others

23
Q

intellectualization

A

ignoring troubling emotional aspects by focusing on abstract ideas or thoughts (discussing economic theories while ignoring that you just lost your job)

24
Q

what are neo-freudians

A

followers who disagree with aspects of his theories, split off to form their own schools of thought

25
Q

alfred alder

A

social needs and conscious thoughts are important to behaviour more so than sexual needs and unconscious motivations. he was extremely interested in inferiority. this represents how power shapes human behaviour

26
Q

carl jung

A

agreed with unconscious level of thinking, he added two parts:
the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious (inherited memories shared by humankind)

27
Q

what did Jung call the shared memories?

A

archetypes

28
Q

karen horney

A

agreed with how parenting effected children later in life, however she payed special attention to basic anxiety which develops in children who experience extreme isolation and helplessness. she noted that culture plays a huge role in development which frued ignored. rejected penis envy

29
Q

self-actualization.

A

the human need to fulfill their full and special potential, the highest level of need in Maslows hiearchy of needs

30
Q

peak experiences

A

moments in which people experience intense clarity of perception, feelings of joy and excitement and a suspended sense of time and reality

31
Q

positive psych

A

an area of psych focusing on positive experience and healthy mental functioning

32
Q

personality traits

A

tendencies to behave in certain ways that remain relatively constant across situations. said to be dimensional

33
Q

the personality trait model

A

mini-theory about the structure of personality traits

34
Q

lexical hypothesis

A

idea that pur language contains the important ways in which people can differ

35
Q

superfactor

A

a fundamental dimension of personality made up of a related cluster of personality traits

36
Q

interpersonal circle

A

a two-dimensional personality trait model based on blends of dominance and nurturance

37
Q

personality inventory

A

questionnaire designed to asses various aspects of personality

38
Q

five-factor model (big five)

A

trait model that proposes 5 major trait categories: agreeableness, extroversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness and openness to experience (and all their opposites)

39
Q

socially desirable responding

A

tailoring answers on personality quiz to try to create a good impression

40
Q

projective tests SKIP

A

personality test intended to tap into the unconscious mind by presenting unknown thing and person needs to make meaning of it

41
Q

situationism

A

a view of personality which notes that in many social situations people responding similar ways. the situation drives their response rather than personality

42
Q

interactionism

A

view emphasizing a relationship between a persons underlying personality traits and the situations the person puts themselves in

43
Q

banduras theory of reciprocal determinism

A

personality is determined by the interaction of the external enviroment, internal mental events and behaviour. (praise for good work will encourage that work)

44
Q

phrenology & person

A

Franz Joseph Gall
a method of assessing a persons mental and moral qualities by studying the shape of the persons skull. later contributed to localization of brain functions

45
Q

damage to the amygalada leads to

A

difficulty becoming conditioned to fear stimuli

46
Q

overactive amygalada leads to

A

fear adn shyness

47
Q

what is cerebral hemisphere dominance and how does it affect personality

A

right dom- neg emotions
left hemi dom- pos emotions
may appear at a really early age

48
Q

what are the three broad categories of temperament from researchers Lee Anna Clark and David Watson

A
  • negative emotionality
  • positive emotionality
  • disinhibition versus contraint
49
Q

social role theory

A

gender differences occur because girls and boys develop different behaviours and skills based largely on differences in gender role expectations

50
Q

self-schema

A

individuals cognitive framework for the knowledge he has about himself

Psych 201 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions