Midterm 2

Question 0

What are the receptors for the neurotransmitter GABA?

Answer 0

GABAa and GABAb

Question 1

What are the receptors for the neurotransmitter Glutamate (Glu)?

Answer 1

NMDA and AMPAa

Question 2

GABAa is ______________ and GABAb is ____________.

Answer 2

Inotropic and metabotropic.

Question 3

What are the receptors for the neurotransmitter DA (dopamine)?

Answer 3

D1, D2, D3, D4, D5

Question 4

D1-5 are _______________.

Answer 4

Metabotropic.

Question 5

What are the receptors for the neurotransmitter NE (nereponephrin)?

Answer 5

a1, B1-2, a2

Question 6

What are the receptors for the neurotransmitter acetocholine (ACh)?

Answer 6

Nicotine and muscarinic.

Question 7

Where is an action potential initiated?

Answer 7

Axon hillock and initial segment

Question 8

Why is an action potential initiated at the axon hillock and initial segment?

Answer 8

Because the axon hillock contains the highest density of Na+ channels, and an influx of Na+ depolarizes a neuron toward action potential.

Question 9

As depolarization occurs, lambda increases and the internal resistance ____________.

Answer 9

Decreases

Question 10

As depolarization occurs, lambda increases and the membrane resistance ___________.

Answer 10

Also increases

Question 11

Larger diameter = ____________ lambda

Answer 11

Bigger

Question 12

What is the enzyme associated with the transformation from glutamate to GABA?

Answer 12

Decarboxlase

Question 13

Amino acids act quickly and are therefore, _____________.

Answer 13

Ionotropic

Question 14

What does transient activity mean?

Answer 14

The receptor is activated briefly

Question 15

Which ions are inside the cell?

Answer 15

K+

Question 16

Which ions are outside the cell?

Answer 16

Na, Cl-, Ca++

Question 17

Define ligand

Answer 17

Anything that binds to a receptor

Question 18

Distribution of receptors is _______ but not __________.

Answer 18

Non-uniform, but not random

Question 19

Which is faster, ionotropic or metabotropic?

Answer 19

Ionotropic

Question 20

Myelination increases _________, which makes it easier for a charge to go across the membrane.

Answer 20

Resistance

Question 21

V=I*R

Explain Ohm’s Law

Answer 21

Voltage = current x resistance
Resistance is a function of the properties of the material being used, because of surface area and diameter. Thicker channels will have less resistance.

Question 22

Resistance is the ability of the charge to…

Answer 22

Pass from the outside of the membrane to the inside (or vice versa)

Question 23

If Tau increases, the membrane capacitance…

Answer 23

Also increases

Question 24

Monomenes are…

Answer 24

Serotonin, epinephrine, and dopamine

Question 25

Loss of monomenes can lead to…

Answer 25

Depression,

Question 26

Monomine oxidase inhibitors do what?

Answer 26

Block the breakdown of monomines. Used for antidepressants because when monomine levels are low, mood is low.

Question 27

Name the 3 monomines

Answer 27

Serotonin, epinephrine, and nereponephrin

Question 28

In order for NMDA channel to open, __________ needs to be removed.

Answer 28

Magnesium

Question 29

NMDA: in order for magnesium to be removed, _____________ must bind and the ions must __________.

Answer 29

Glutamate, polarize