Midterm Flashcards
cranial nerve that conveys impulses for most somatic sensations from the face to the pons
trigeminal
longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum separates the ____
two lateral hemispheres
net like region of white & grey matter that extends throughout the brainstem and functions to maintain conciousness =
reticular formation
excitatory neurotransmitter =
epinephrine
parts of the brainstem associated w breathing
pons and medulla
white matter is white b/c of
lipids in myelin
layer of meningeal tissue is the innermost covering of spinal cord =
pia mater
how are the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens are functionally related how
they control mm’s that move through the eyeballs
structure that protects the spinal cord
spinal column
dura mater is continuous with the _____ of a nerve
epineurium
white matter in the spinal cord is on the ______
outside
and gray matter is on the inside
the spinal cord ends at the
conus medullaris
in a sensory pathway, the neuron that carries info from the thalamus to the cortex is known as the _____
third order neuron
sensory information enters the _____
posterior (dorsal) cord
motor information exits from the ______
anterior (ventral) cord
axons in the corticospinal pathway decussate at the ______
pyramids of the medulla
the somatic nervous system provides motor signals and concious control to _____
skeletal mm’s
where does saltatory conduction occur
along myelinated axon
during depolarization phase of the action potential , the membrane potential _____-
increases (higher than -70mV)
neurotransmitters are eliminated from the synaptic cleft by
broken down by enzymes
diffuse out of cleft
taken up by the presynaptic cell and removed
the telencephalon differentiates to give rise to the
cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles
limbic system is called the ____ brain
emotional
areas of the cerebrum responsible for conscious movements of the body
primary motor area
tracts used to conduct nerve impulses between gyri within the same cerebral hemisphere are _____
association tracts
roles of myelin
speeds up the movement of an action potential down an axon
what structure conducts nerve impulses between two diff hemispheres of the cerebrum
corpus callosum
functional areas of cerebrum responsible for vision
primary visual area
cranial nerve that carries sensory information coming from the nasal cavity to the olfactory area of cerebrum
cranial nerve 1
cranial nerve responsible for regulating visceral activity
Vagus
CN X
(10)
pt’s with damage to the left hemisphere often exhibit aphasia (inability to use or comprehend words) this show the left brain more often contains
Brocas and Wernikes areas
what does Glossopharyngeal IX (9) control
taste sensation to tongue
mms for swallowing
senses changes in BP
which CN carries smell sensory info to the brain
CN I olfactory
is tectospinal an indirect or direct pathway?
indirect
_______ carries sensory info from the face to the brain
trigeminothalamic
______ carries motor info from the brain to the face
corticobulbar
______ has a gracile fasciculus division and a cuneate fasciculus division
dorsal columns medial lemniscus
_____ carries info about pain from the body to the brain
spinothalamic
what is the only cranial nerve w a dermatome
trigeminal CN V
what happens when there is a lack of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic vesicles
spastic paralysis
what CN supplies motor senses to the tongue and helps w swallowing/speech
hypoglossal
Babinski’s sign in an adult is a sign of
interruption of corticospinal tract
what tracts connect the cerebral gyri of the opposite hemisphere
commissural
what tracts connect the cerebrum with the thalamus, brainstem, spinal cord
projection tracts
