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Neurology > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 main parts of brainstem

A

pons
medulla
midbrain

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2
Q

what are major roles of the midbrain

A

motor tracts
reflexes
dopamine
voluntary movement of limbs

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3
Q

major roles of pons

A

relay center
breathing

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4
Q

major roles of medulla

A

crossing od motor tracts
heart rate and strength
breathing
vomiting
swallowing
hiccupping
sneezing
gestation
hearing & balance

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5
Q

what is the functional network of neurons that runs through the entire brainstem

A

reticular formation

  • sleep and arousal (consciousness) are its main function
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6
Q

what structures develop from the telencephalon

A

cerebral hemisphere
basal nuclei
lateral ventricles

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7
Q

what structures develop from diencephalon

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus

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8
Q

key differences between cranial and spinal meninges

A

cranial dura has 2 layers

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9
Q

what large artery supplies the posterior brain

A

vertebral artery

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10
Q

the circle of willis ensures ____ can reach the brain, even if one route is blocked

A

blood

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11
Q

where is cerebrospinal fluid produced

A

choroid plexus of ventricles and gradually absorbed through arachnoid villi

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12
Q

where does cerebrospinal fluid flow

A

subarachnoid space

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13
Q

_______ travels through all parts of the brainstem and has an important function in sleep and arousal

A

reticular formation

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14
Q

where are visual, auditory and startle reflexes processed

A

superior and inferior colliculi of the midbrain

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15
Q

what is the ascending portion of the reticular formation called

A

reticular activating system

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16
Q

what region of the cerebellum governs equilibrium and balance

A

flocculonodular lobe

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17
Q

the white matter that connects the cerebrum hemisphere is called ______

A

corpus collasum

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18
Q

functions of hypothalamus

A

controls ANS
regulates hunger, thirst, feelings of satiety
coordinates between the nervous&endocrine system

19
Q

what secretes melatonin

A

pineal gland

20
Q

what structure carries CSF from the 3rd and 4th ventricle and is located in the midbrain

A

cerebral aqueduct

21
Q

role of central sulcus

A

separates primary motor area from primary sensory area

22
Q

what part of the brain is called the 5th lobe and aids in motor control, homeostasis and interoception

A

insula

23
Q

what do commissural tracts do

A

conduct nerve impulses from one hemisphere to the other corpus callosum

corpus callosum is an example

24
Q

what part of the brain helps regulate initiation and termination of movements

A

basal nuclei

25
Q

what characteristics is the left hemisphere associated with

A

analytic
reasoning
math
science

26
Q

which brain wave indicates deep, dreamless sleep

A

delta

27
Q

the type of rehearsal to move information from short term to long term memory is called

A

elaborative

28
Q

is hearing a function of temporal lobe

A

yes

29
Q

function of frontal lobe

A

main motor control of the body

30
Q

is vision associated w occipital lobe

A

yes

31
Q

what protects the brain from harmful bacteria and chemicals

A

blood brain barrier

32
Q

what separates the primary motor area from sensory area

A

central sulcus

33
Q

main sensory output to body is what lobe

A

parietal lobe

34
Q

main lobe responsible for motor control

A

frontal

35
Q

sensory relay to other parts of the brain lobe

A

thalamus

36
Q

emotional system is _____

A

limbic system

37
Q

neurological term that describes changes in neurons when they are stimulated

A

neural plasticity

38
Q

largest motor tracts of the body that form two bulges in medulla oblongata and decussate here

A

pyramids

39
Q

deep valley that separates the L and R hemispheres is called a ____

A

longitudinal fissure

40
Q

meningeal layer most external in the cranium

A

dura layer

middle = arachnoid
inner = pia mater

41
Q

region of the cerebral cortex posterior to the central sulcus in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum that localizes the points of the body where somatic sensations originate

A

primary somatosensory cortex

42
Q

the great commissure of the brain between the cerebral hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

43
Q

region of the cerebral cortex in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum that controls specific movements of groups of mms

A

primary motor cortex

44
Q
A

Neurology (7 decks)

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