Midterm Flashcards
Origin of word philosophy
Greek, philo (love) and sophia (wisdom)
The love of wisdom
study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline
Philosophy
men and women can establish functioning social communities without the need for apparatus of state
Anarchism
all forms of governmental authority to be unnecessary and undesirable and advocating a society based on voluntary cooperation and free association of individuals and groups
Anarchism
Man is naturally good but he is corrupted by his institution or society
Anarchism (Bakunin)
claims that the state is parasite and an enemy of the people
Anarchism
If there is a State, then there is domination, and in turn, there is slavery
Anarchism (Bakunin)
advocates destruction of the existing society by revolution for the birth of a new and better one
Anarchism
encouraged the abolition of private property and the exposition of fraud in guise of religion
Anarchism
violence is a necessity to uproot the old system to counter resistance of the ruling class. It is intensely critical of social and political roles of religion in deceiving the people.
Classical anarchy
Everywhere you will find the wealth of the wealthy springs from the poor
Classical Anarchy (Kropotkin)
praises the role of trade unions, advocates general strikes and prefers civil disobedience
Anarcho syndocalist
Individual freedom is deemed as the superior moral right of man against any law or policy of the state
Anarcho syndicalist
rejects revolutionary violence
Individualist Anarchism
Calls for the gradual replacement of the state through education, non-violent protest
Individualist Anarchism
one’s protest may be in form of radical pacifism, renouncing revolutionary violence against the state.
Individualist Anarchism
type of non-violent protest to highlight injustice and corruption to –strong public reaction
Radical pacifism
an ideology that seeks to preserve the status quo, when change becomes necessary in tested institutions and practices, prefers that it come slowly, and in moderation
Conservatism
argued that man’s natural state was war. Governments was necessary to restrain man’s bestial tendencies because life without government was a “state of nature.”
Thomas Hobbes
state is viewed as an organ
Organicism
State product of a healthy society, a living organism, whose parts are subordinate to and contributory to the welfare of the whole
Organicism
from the word ‘ARETE’ meaning excellence
Aristocracy
this is the rule of the best where the members of a community place confidence on a distinct group and doubt the capacity of the masses to rule
Aristocracy
views the union of the church and state as desirable
Clericalism
State and church must shared equal power.
Clericalism
was very popular during the middle age
Divine Right Theory
it kept the supremacy of monarchs beyond question
Divine Right Theory
Politics was merged with religious beliefs that serve as persuasive sanction
Divine Right Theory
advocates the idea that leaders derived their power from God
Divine Right Theory
The leaders are the representatives of God. This was later changed by political thinkers who separated politics from religion and moral ethics
Divine Right Theory
traditions and institutions are generally considered the best since they have been tested by time
Traditionalism
concept where the aristocratic group is to play parents of the masses as children, under the tutelage of the latter
Paternalistic Theory
Example of Clericalism
Divine Right Theory
practice of submitting oneself to authority and subordination to basic institutions
Compliance
These are ascribed to the role assigned to leaders as part of the organic social whole and are presumed to be just and legitimate
Compliance
this concept claims that man shapes society and society is shaped by man
Social Pessimism
2 conflicting class
Capitalist
Proletariat
the laborers were abused and oppressed by the capitalists
Communism
create a classless society equality and economic security for all through revolution
Communism
