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Physiology > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The extracellular fluid is to the _______ as the intracellular fluid is to the _____ and the plasma is to the _______.

Lake erie - atlantic ocean - olentangy river

Atlantic ocean - olentangy river - lake erie

Atlantic ocean - lake erie - olentangy river

Olentangy river - atlantic ocean - lake erie

A

Lake erie - atlantic ocean - olentangy river

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2
Q
  1. The removal of clothing layers to combat warm temperatures is an example of

Negative feedback
Positive feedback
Feedforward feedback
Feedforward

A

negative feedback

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3
Q
  1. A homeostatic control system ______ requires energy to maintain a parameter at its set point that _____ change over the course of a lifetime.

Sometimes - cannot
Sometimes - can
Always - cannot
Always - can

A

always - can

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4
Q
  1. Allen and Usman both started feeling ill on Monday morning. At lunch, Allen drank a glass of milk with Vitamin D but Usman did not since there were no Oreos handy for dunking. Which is a correct statement about Allen and Usman’s illness?

Usman recovered before Allen

Allen recovered before Usman

Usman hindered the actions of his immune system

Allen aided the actions of his immune system

A

usman recovered before allen

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5
Q
  1. Epithelial cells are to ____ as muscle cells are to ____.

Mechanical movement - boundaries

Support - boundaries

Boundaries - mechanical movement

Boundaries - support

A

Boundaries - mechanical movement

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6
Q 
11. In the laboratory, compound X is observed moving through a gap junction. Consequently, the scientist correctly hypothesizes that compound X will \_\_\_\_\_ be able to travel through a tunneling nanotube and \_\_\_\_ through a juxtacrine. 
Never - never
Never - usually
Always - never
Always - usually
A

Always - never

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7
Q
  1. A doctor compares the lipodomes of his patient’s liver and kidney cells and determines that they are vastly different. The doctor correctly concludes that his patent
    1) Had those two cell types created by meiosis
    2) Does have different genomes in those cells
    3) Has liver or kidney disease causing the difference
    4) Does have different proteomes in those cells
A

does have different proteomes in those cells

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8
Q
  1. A doctor compares the lipodomes of his patient’s liver and kidney cells and determines that they are vastly different. The doctor correctly concludes that his patent
    1) Had those two cell types created by mitosis
    2) Does have different genomes in those cells
    3) Has liver or kidney disease causing the difference
    4) Does not have different proteomes in those cells
A

had those two cell types created by mitosis

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9
Q
  1. The indirect signals of ____ and ____ can be combined because they both ____.

Neurotransmitter - paracrine - travel short distances

Paracrine - neurotransmitter - are released by a limited number of cells

Endocrine - neurotransmitter - move through the fluid between the cells

All three are correct

A

neurotransmitter - paracrine - travel short distances

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10
Q
  1. The indirect signals of ____ and ____ can be combined because they both ____.

Neurotransmitter - paracrine - are released by a limited number of cells

Paracrine - neurotransmitter - move through the fluid between the cells

Endocrine - neurotransmitter - travel long distances

All three statements are correct

A

paracrine - neurotransmitter - move through the fluid between the cells

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11
Q
  1. The indirect signals of ____ and ____ can be combined because they both ____.

Neurotransmitter - paracrine - travel short distances

Paracrine - neurotransmitter - move through the fluid between the cells

Endocrine - neurotransmitter - are released by a limited number of cells

All are correct

A

all are correct

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12
Q
  1. Proactive is to ___ as reactive is to _____.

Higher energy costs - lower energy cost

Negative feedback - feedforward

Feedforward feedback - positive feedback

Integrator first - receptor first

A

integrator first - receptor first

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13
Q
  1. Proactive is to ___ as reactive is to _____.

Higher energy cost - lower energy cost

Feedforward - negative feedback

Feedforward feedback - positive feedback

Receptor first - integrator first

A

feedforward - negative feedback

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14
Q
  1. When the value of homeostatically controlled parameter changes, the parameter _____ have moved from its set point and ____not be at equilibrium .

Might not - might

Might not - will definitely

Will definitely - might

Will definitely - will definitely

A

might not - will definitely

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15
Q
  1. When our Equation 3 causes a decrease in _____, it also causes an increase in _____.

a. HCO3- - pH
b. H+ - CO2
c. CO2 - HCO3-
d. H2O – HCO3-

A

all of them

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16
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about our equations?

Equation 2 contains equation 1

Water is a product of two of the equations

Of the reaction equations, not all are reversible

All three are correct.

A

all are correct

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17
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about our equations?

Equation 3 contains equation 2

Water is a product of only one of the equations

Of the reaction equations, not all are reversible

All three are correct

A

of the reaction equations, not all are reversible

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18
Q
  1. A starving Brutus Buckeye sits down to an unlimited buffet of wolverine sliders. Although it takes several hours, he eventually feels full and stops eating. This situation is best described as being an example of

Feedforward feedback
Negative feedback
Both are correct
Neither are correct

A

negative feedback

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19
Q
  1. An accident-prone anatomy student got bit by a spider with a deadly venom that prevents communication between cells via extracellular signals. The student experienced

A prevention of his paracrines from reaching their target cells.

A prevention of his juxtacrines from forming properly

A blocking of his gap junction passageways

All three are correct

A

a prevention of his paracrine from reaching their target cell

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20
Q
  1. Flaplord Baggins, an alien from planet Gracknack, invades Earth and attaches humans by injecting Crabix into their blood. Fortunately, the invasion was unsuccessful because, while the Crabix flooded the interstitial fluid, it was unable to reach the cytosol of any cell. Later analysis showed that Crabix

Could not cross the capillary walls

Was not impacted by enzymes in the intracellular fluid

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

was not impacted by enzymes in the intracellular fluid

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21
Q
  1. Flaplord Baggins, an alien from planet Gracknack, invades Earth and attaches humans by injecting Crabix into their blood. Fortunately, the invasion was unsuccessful because, while the Crabix flooded the interstitial fluid, it was unable to reach the cytosol of any cell. Later analysis showed that Crabix

Could cross the capillary walls

Was impacted by enzymes in the intracellular fluid

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

could cross the capillary walls

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22
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about biorhythms?

They exist on different time frames like the annual cycle of hair density.

They are controlled by clocks that are derived from internal processes.

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

both are correct

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23
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about biorhythms?

They exist on different time frames like the annual cycle for hair density

They are controlled by clocks that are derived from external processes

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

they exist on different time frames like the annual cycle for hair density

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24
Q
  1. Great coaching buddies Meyer and Matta are usually inseparable around the OSU campus. However, when they go into the Ohio Union, they typically get swarmed by the Buckeye faithful and quickly get separated. The interaction between these coaches could best be described as

Covalent
Polar
Both are correct
Neither is correct

A

polar

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25
Q
  1. Great coaching buddies Meyer and Matta are usually inseparable around the OSU campus. However, when they go into the Ohio Union, they typically get swarmed by the Buckeye faithful and quickly get separated. The interaction between these coaches could best be described as

Noncovalent
Polar
Both are correct
Neither is correct

A

both are correct

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26
Q
  1. Shh! The phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of the superheroes (like Clark Kent for Superman). For example, Grace is highly bendable and can elongate herself to grab evil doers quite far away then yanks them back to her original spot. Bobby is amazing at combining up superheroes like Grace with others like her to create networks of evil-doing eliminators. In thinking of these superheroes as proteins in our bodies, we could correctly characterize

Grace as elastin of the extracellular matrix

Bobby as fibronectin with his origin being the fibroblasts

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

both are correct

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27
Q
  1. Shh! The phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of the superheroes (like Clark Kent for Superman). For example, Grace is highly bendable and can elongate herself to grab evil doers quite far away then yanks them back to her original spot. Bobby is amazing at combining up superheroes like Grace with others like her to create networks of evil-doing eliminators. In thinking of these superheroes as proteins in our bodies, we could correctly characterize

Grace as elastin of the intracellular matrix

Bobby as fibronectin with his location being within the fibroblasts

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

neither is correct

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28
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about Krebs cycle?

It is independent of oxygen to create CO2

It does produce CO2

It only causes the further catabolism of sugars

It occurs in the cytosol

A

it does produce CO2

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29
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about Krebs cycle?

It is dependent on oxygen to create ATP

It does not produce CO2

It only causes the further catabolism of sugars

It occurs in the cytosol

A

it is dependent on oxygen to create ATP

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30
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about Krebs cycle?

It is independent of oxygen to create ATP

It does not produce CO2

It causes the further catabolism of sugars

It occurs in the cytosol

A

it causes the further catabolism of sugars

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31
Q
  1. The diffusion rate of compound X across the plasma membrane could be increased if the

Width of the membrane was decreased

Cell’s membrane area was doubled

Polarity of X was changed from polar to nonpolar

All three are correct

A

all are correct

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32
Q

The diffusion rate of compound X across the plasma membrane could be increased if the

Width of the membrane was increased

Cell’s membrane area was halved

Polarity of X was changed from polar to nonpolar

All three are correct

A

polarity of x was changed from polar to nonpolar

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33
Q
  1. In the construction of a normal plasma membrane, which of these trios is correctly ordered from largest to smallest based on the combined mass of the compound?

Phospholipids - cholesterol - proteins

Proteins - phospholipids - cholesterol

Cholesterol - phospholipids - proteins

Cannot be ordered because phospholipids and cholesterol have the same mass

A

proteins - phospholipids - choesterole

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34
Q
  1. Which of the following is a function of glycocalyx?

Allow for identification of the integral proteins

Prevent damage to the cell’s plasma membrane

Limit the growth of cells in the cytosol

Regulate the presence of peripheral proteins

A

prevent damage to cell’s PM

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35
Q
  1. A cell is present within a solution. Salt is added to that solution causing ____ channels to open.

Leak
Mechanically-gated
Voltage-gated
All three will get opened

A

voltage gated

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36
Q
  1. Which is NOT a net product of Krebs cycle?

NAD+
ATP
CO2
All three are products

A

NAD+

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37
Q
  1. Amphipathic compounds will interact with and remain associated with

Hydrophilic compounds

Cholesterol

Peripheral proteins

All three of these is correct

A

all are correct

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38
Q

15.No intracellular fluid but extracellular fluid movement is allowed by ____ junctions that are composed of _____.

Tight - claudins

Tight - cadherins

Desmosome - claudins

Desmosome - cadherins

A

desmosomes - cadherins

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39
Q
  1. We need to make adjustments to our Eq. _____ to understand the process of _____.

1 - oxidative phosphorylation

1 - substrate level phosphorylation

2 - oxidative phosphorylation

2 - substrate level phosphorylation

A

1- substrate level phosphorylation

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40
Q
  1. Hydrophobic is to ___ as hydrophilic is to______.

Nonpolar - polar

Lipophilic - hydrophobic

Polar - lipophobic

Lipophobic - polar

A

nonpolar - polar

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41
Q
  1. Hydrophobic is to ___ as hydrophilic is to______.

Nonpolar- lipophilic

Lipophilic - hydrophobic

Polar - lipophobic

Lipophobic - lipophilic

A

lipophobic - lipophilic

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42
Q
  1. The net movement of compounds A and B is toward the plasma membrane and not based on any energy usage by the person. At the plasma membrane, compound A continues moving into the cytosol but compound B does not move into the cytosol. Which is a correct statement about these two compounds?

They might both be small and nonpolar

They might both be ions

Compound A might be hydrophobic while compound B is hydrophilic.

All three statements are correct

A

all are correct

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43
Q
  1. Jax, the overly energetic pooch (aka dog), loves to chase his BFFs David and Allen. However, to attend lectures, David and Allen cross the electric fence surrounding Jax’s yard. Jax cannot cross the fence. If we think of this yard as like a cell, then David and Allen are most likely ____ and the fence is most likely like _____.

Sodium and potassium - voltage-gated channel

CO2 and O2 - plasma membrane

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

CO2 and O2 - plasma membrane

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44
Q
  1. Brutus Buckeye loves doing experiments in the lab. This week he used a strong detergent to remove all of the integral proteins from a cell’s plasma membrane. Which is a correct statement about the plasma membrane after this treatment?

Reduced number of amphipathic components

There is less movement of water across it

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

both are correct

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45
Q
  1. Brutus Buckeye loves doing experiments in the lab. This week he used a strong detergent to remove all of the integral proteins from a cell’s plasma membrane. Which is a correct statement about the plasma membrane after this treatment?

Reduced number of amphipathic components

There is more movement of water across it

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

reduced number of amphipathic components

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46
Q
  1. Brutus Buckeye loves doing experiments in the lab. This week he used a strong detergent to remove all of the integral proteins from a cell’s plasma membrane. Which is a correct statement about the plasma membrane after this treatment?

Increased number of amphipathic components

There is less movement of water across it

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

there is less movement of water across it

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47
Q
  1. Brutus Buckeye loves doing experiments in the lab. This week he used a strong detergent to remove all of the integral proteins from a cell’s plasma membrane. Which is a correct statement about the plasma membrane after this treatment?

Increased number of amphipathic components

There is less movement of water across it

Both statements are correct

Neither is correct

A

there is less movement of water across it

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48
Q
  1. An enterprising, young physiology student finds a test tube that is correctly labeled “pure phospholipids”. He dumps the tube’s contents into a large beaker containing a lipophilic solution. As he correctly expected, the phospholipids spontaneously form a 3D structure that he correctly states has

The phospholipid’s head pointing outward (i.e. toward the solution)

The phospholipid creating a sandwich like structure with the tails as the “bread”

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

The phospholipid creating a sandwich like structure with the tails as the “bread”

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49
Q
  1. An enterprising, young physiology student finds a test tube that is correctly labeled “pure phospholipids”. He dumps the tube’s contents into a large beaker containing a lipophilic solution. As he correctly expected, the phospholipids spontaneously form a 3D structure that he correctly states has

The phospholipid’’ head pointing inward ( i.e. away from the solution)

The phospholipids creating a sandwich like structure with the heads as the “bread”

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

The phospholipid’’ head pointing inward ( i.e. away from the solution)

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50
Q
  1. After taking a wrong turn in the depths of the Shoe, great coaching buddies Meyer and Matta find themselves inadvertently locked in a very well-sealed (i.e., no input of fresh oxygen) and small room. After sitting around for a few hours, both are bored and decide to spend their time doing jumping jacks to pass the time. Which is a correct statement about their cell metabolism at this point?

The activity of their electron transport chain is getting reduced

The proportion of ATP created by substrate level phosphorylation is increasing

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

both are correct

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51
Q
  1. After taking a wrong turn in the depths of the Shoe, great coaching buddies Meyer and Matta find themselves inadvertently locked in a very well-sealed (i.e., no input of fresh oxygen) and small room. After sitting around for a few hours, both are bored and decide to spend their time doing jumping jacks to pass the time. Which is a correct statement about their cell metabolism at this point?

The activity of their electron transport chain is getting increased

The proportion of ATP created by substrate level phosphorylation is decreasing

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

neither is correct

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52
Q
  1. Shh! The Phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of superheroes (like Clark Kent for Superman). For example, at a recent superhero convention, Spencer and his fellow Superheroes was stunned to see through the open window in the convention center that a little old lady was getting mugged by a villain. What must be correct to allow Spencer to reach the lady as quickly as possible?

Widely opened window

Short distance to the crime

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

both are correct

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53
Q
  1. Shh! The Phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of superheroes (like Clark Kent for Superman). For example, at a recent superhero convention, Spencer and his fellow Superheroes was stunned to see through the open window in the convention center that a little old lady was getting mugged by a villain. What must be correct to allow Spencer to reach the lady as quickly as possible?

Narrow down the window’s opening

Short distance to the crime

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

short distance to the crime

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54
Q
  1. An accident-prone anatomy student finds herself lost in the boiler room of Independence Hall. She sees a system of pipes that transport fluid between large tanks. She crawls past these pipes to see if there is an exit on the other side of the tanks. If we consider the tanks to be cells held together by junctions, then she is crawling past

Cadherine

Desmosomes

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

neither is correct

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55
Q
  1. An accident-prone anatomy student finds herself lost in the boiler room of Independence Hall. She sees a system of pipes that transport fluid between large tanks. She crawls past these pipes to see if there is an exit on the other side of the tanks. If we consider the tanks to be cells held together by junctions, then she is crawling past

Cadherins

Gap junctions

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

gap junctions

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56
Q
  1. After last week’s failed attempt, Flarplord Baggins tweaked Crabix such that it now can cross the plasma membrane. Once in the cell, Crabix dramatically reduces, without eliminating, ATP production but not altering pyruvate production. Which is a correct statement about this version of Crabix?

It cannot enter the mitochondria

It does not prevent all recycling of NADH

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

it does not prevent all recycling of NADH

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57
Q

An accident prone anatomy student is admitted to the hospital for an injury. Since the medical staff was very busy, the janitor decided to help out by replacing the student’s empty IV bag with a full bag of pure water. After finding out what the janitor had done, the student’s doctor realized the she must act fast because the janitor’s addition of a ____ solution to the student’s blood is causing his red blood cells to ____.

Hypertonic - collapse on themselves (implode)

Hypotonic - collapse on themselves (implode)

Hypertonic - burst/rupture

Hypotonic - burst/rupture

A

hypotonic - burst/rupture

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58
Q
  1. The sodium/potassium ATPase pump moves ___ ions into the cell and uses up ___ ATP(s) per one complete cycle.

Less-1
Less-2
More-1
More-2

A

less - 1

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59
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about endocytosis?

It requires both ADP and cholesterol

It increases most growth factor communication

It increases the cell’s surface area

It does not allow for the release of cytokines

A

it does not allow for release of cytokines

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60
Q
  1. Which is a correct statement about endocytosis?

It requires both ATP and cholesterol

It increases most growth factor communication

It increases the cell’s surface area

It does allow for the release of cytokines

A

it requires both ATP and cholesterol

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61
Q

.Which is a correct statement about endocytosis?

It requires both ADP and cholesterol

It decreases most growth factor communication

It increases the cell’s surface area

It does allow for the release of cytokines

A

it decreases most growth factor communication

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62
Q
  1. G-proteins are

A heterotrimeric, transmembrane proteins

Created with atleast sigma gamma subunit

Never ion channels

Usually impacted by neurotransmitters

A

never ion channels

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63
Q
  1. G-proteins are

A heterotrimeric, transmembrane proteins

Created with at least one sigma subunit

Sometimes ion channels

Not usually impacted by neurotransmitters

A

not usually impacted by neurotransmitters

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64
Q
  1. For the creation of a complex with their receptor, nonpolar ligands could be present in the ___ and hydrophobic ligands could be present in the ____.

Cytosol -nucleus

Intracellular fluid - interstitial fluid

Plasma membrane - interstitial fluid

Vesicles - plasma membrane

A

cytosol - nucleus

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65
Q
  1. The G-protein ____ be an ion channel. It has ___ part(s) that regularly associate(s) with two other proteins.

Can-three

Can-one

Cannot-three

Cannot-one

A

cannot - one

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66
Q
  1. The solution S causes the cells placed within it to lose all of their ATP. Consequently, for cells placed in this solution, their sodium/potassium ATPase pumps ___ be open to the cytosol and glucose ___ be able to enter these cells.

Could not- will

Could- will

Could not- will not

Could- will not

A

could - will

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2
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67
Q
  1. Which situation would NOT be a contributing factor to the development of an osmotic pressure?

The cell using up its oxygen supply

The cell being unable to be able to expand due to crowding caused by neighboring cells

The cell closing all of its sodium channels

All 3 situations can be contributors.

A

the cell using up its oxygen supply

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1
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2
3
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68
Q
  1. Which has both of the pair always being transmembrane enzymes that cause our equation 1 to occur?

ATPase pump- tyrosine kinase receptor

JAK kinase -adenylyl cyclase

ATPase pump - chemically gated channel receptor

JAK kinase - plasma membrane effector protein (PMEP)

A

ATPase pump - tyrosine kinase receptor

69
Q
  1. During yesterday’s lunch, you were discussing with your friends the wonders of physiology. To demonstrate your newly acquired knowledge, you decide to determine the osmolarity of your beverage that is 0.5 L of 2 mol glucose, 1 mol NaCl and 2 mol MgCl2. After doing the calculations you correctly state that your beverage has an osmolarity of ___ osm (aka mol/L)

5
2.5
20
10

A

20

70
Q
  1. Shh! The phys Phabs are really the mild mannered sides of superheros. For example, both Mallory and Tom snap into action to rescue a TSUN student is found flailing in the murky waters. Mallory is unable to grab ahold of him while Tom is able to grab him. Consequently, Tom has a

specificity for mallory

different shape and charge from mallory

decreased the saturation of TSUN students

All three statements are correct

A

different shape and charge from mallory

71
Q
  1. Shh! The phys Phabs are really the mild mannered sides of superheros. For example, both Mallory and Tom snap into action to rescue a TSUN student is found flailing in the murky waters. Mallory is unable to grab ahold of him while Tom is able to grab him. Consequently, Tom has a

specificity for the TSUN student

different shape and charge from mallory

increased the saturation of TSUN students

All three statements are correct

A

all are correct

72
Q
  1. GLAST is a transporter protein that moves the amino acids glutamate and aspartate, sodium and hydrogen into the cell while sending potassium out of the cell. This transporter does not catabolize ATP and keeps the concentration of these two amino acids near zero outside of the cell. Consequently, we can correctly state that GLAST

Definitely does not have glutamate bind to it

Can be used as an example of countertransport

Both

Neither

A

can be used an example of countertransport

73
Q
  1. GLAST is a transporter protein that moves the amino acids glutamate and aspartate, sodium and hydrogen into the cell while sending potassium out of the cell. This transporter does not catabolize ATP and keeps the concentration of these two amino acids near zero outside of the cell. Consequently, we can correctly state that GLAST

Definitely has glutamate bind to it

Can be used as an example of cotransport

Both

Neither

A

definitely has glutamate bind to it

74
Q
  1. GLAST is a transporter protein that moves the amino acids glutamate and aspartate, sodium and hydrogen into the cell while sending potassium out of the cell. This transporter does not catabolize ATP and keeps the concentration of these two amino acids near zero outside of the cell. Consequently, we can correctly state that GLAST

Definitely does not have glutamate bind to it

Can be used as an example of cotransport

Both

Neither

A

neither

75
Q
  1. Flarplord Baggins learns that a critical communication for human survival involves a plasma membrane effector protein. Consequently, he correctly redesigns Crabix to disrupt communication by

Causing exocytosis of pathways receptor

Eliminating all of the cells ATP

Both

Neither

A

neither

76
Q
  1. Flarplord Baggins learns that a critical communication for human survival involves a plasma membrane effector protein. Consequently, he correctly redesigns Crabix to disrupt communication by

Causing endocytosis of pathways receptor

Eliminating all of the cell’s GTP

Both statements are correct

Neither

A

both are correct

77
Q
  1. Flarplord Baggins learns that a critical communication for human survival involves a plasma membrane effector protein. Consequently, he correctly redesigns Crabix to disrupt communication by

Causing endocytosis of pathways receptor

Eliminating all of the cell’s ATP

Both statements are correct

Neither

A

causing endocytosis of pathways receptors

78
Q

27.Which is correct about primary active transporters?

They are always amphipathic, transmembrane proteins

They always use ATP but only sometimes create a gradient

Both

Neither

A

both

79
Q
  1. Which is correct about primary active transporters?

They are only sometimes amphipathic, transmembrane proteins

They always use ATP and always create a gradient

Both

Neither

A

neither

80
Q

27.Which is correct about primary active transporters?

They are always amphipathic, transmembrane proteins

They always use ATP and always create a gradient

Both

Neither

A

they’re always amphipathic transmembrane proteins

81
Q
  1. On an intergalactic trip over the summer, Allen found himself observing a water polo game gone badly wrong in the hotel pool. One alien cut off all seven arms of its rival. However, a 3rd alien quickly swam over and ate all of the parts of the dismembered rival. Compared to the osmolarity of the pool before this incident began, the first alien’s actions ___ the pools osmolarity and the third aliens actions ___ the pools osmolarity?

decreased - did not alter

increased - did not alter

decreased - increased

increased decreased

A

increased - decreased

82
Q
  1. Brutus was saddened to learn that the newborn son of a fellow mascot has GLUT1 deficiency. Consequently, the boy has seizures and impaired neurological development because

Ions are being improperly channeled into his cells

The facilitated diffusion of glucose into his cells is impaired

He cannot actively transport glucose from his digestive tract

All three

A

the facilitated diffusion of glucose into his cells is impaired

83
Q
  1. During their weekly scrabble game, Coach Meyer was stunned when Coach Matta grabs the lead with “imbrutinib” He quickly learns that it covalently binds to Brutus’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) thereby preventing BTK’s use of inorganic phosphate. When all of a cell’s BTKs are bound by ibruntinib ,

The activated second messengers will not be seen in the ICF

The process of glycolysis will be downregulated

Both

Neither

A

both

84
Q
  1. During their weekly scrabble game, Coach Meyer was stunned when Coach Matta grabs the lead with “imbrutinib” He quickly learns that it covalently binds to Brutus’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) thereby preventing BTK’s use of inorganic phosphate. When all of a cell’s BTKs are bound by ibruntinib ,

The activated second messengers will be seen in the intracellular fluid

The process of glycolysis will be up regulated

Both

Neither

A

neither

85
Q
  1. A hypotonic solution is to ___ as a hypertonic solution is to ____.

Low IF osmolarity- high IF osmolarity

Cell contraction- cell expansion

Both

Neither

A

both

86
Q
  1. A hypotonic solution is to ___ as a hypertonic solution is to ____.

High IF osmolarity - low IF osmolarity

Cell contraction- cell expansion

Both

Neither

A

both

87
Q
  1. A hypotonic solution is to ___ as a hypertonic solution is to ____.

High IF osmolarity - low IF osmolarity

Cell expansion - cell contraction

Both

Neither

A

both

88
Q

A typical cell has become hyperpolarized. Consequently, on average, there is a ___ amount of ____ on the _____cell.

greater -cations-outside

Greater-anions-outside

Lesser-anions-inside

all three

A

greater - cations - outside

89
Q
  1. A typical cell has become hyperpolarized. Consequently, on average, there is a ___ amount of ____ on the _____cell.

greater -cations-inside

Greater-anions-inside

Lesser-cations-outside

All three

A

greater - anions - inside

90
Q

. An action potential ___ a graded potential and always has a ____ amplitude

Is not-singular

is - singular

Is not-variable

Is-variable

A

is - singular

91
Q

A typical cell will always have a ___potential present and might never have a ____ potential occur.

Graded-threshold

Graded-graded

Membrane-threshold

Membrane-graded

A

membrane - threshold

92
Q

The smallest category of our neurons has its axon ___ information. Our largest neuron category gathers information from the ___ nervous system.

Send and receive - peripheral and central

Receive only- peripheral and central

Send and receive- peripheral only

Receive only-peripheral only

A

Send and receive - peripheral and central

93
Q

In a petri dish of dementia impacted neurons. Drug X eliminates the proteins causing the dementia and returns full function to the neurons. Unfortunately, when drug X was injected into the veins of mice suffering from this same type of protein-causing dementia, no improvement at all was seen in the mice. The researchers quickly realized that the effectiveness of drug X was negatively impacted by the actions of the mice’s ___ cells.

Astrocyte and oligodendrocyte

Ependymal and schwann

Astrocyte and microglial

Microglial and dendrite

A

astrocyte and microglial

94
Q

Ependymal cells could best be compared correctly to ____ and astrocytes could best be compared correctly to ____.

hungry teenagers-electricians

hungry teenagers-personal assistants

body guards-electricians

Body guards- personal assistants

A

body guards - personal assistants

95
Q

On Monday evening, 113 students emailed Dr. Bronson who subsequently emailed 18 students. If each person is considered to be a neuron, then Dr. Bronson would be a __ synaptic neuron participating in __.

Post -divergence
Pre-convergence
Post-convergence
Pre-divergence

A

post - convergence

96
Q

15.Compared to chemical synapses, electrical synapses are __ and are used __ often.

Slower-less
Faster-less
slower -more
faster-more

A

faster - less

97
Q

Which is a correct statement about a process of a typical neuron?

It does not need to be attached to the cell body

It can only be millimeters long

It cannot receive info

It can send info

A

it can send info

98
Q

Which is a correct statement about a process of a typical neuron?

It does not need to be attached to the cell body

It can only be over a meter long

It cannot receive info

It can only send info

A

it can only be over a meter long

99
Q

Brutus is not being successful at engaging the crowd at the Schott. He tries to get the to do the wave but can only get a few in a section to rise. They sit back down without causing the whole section to rise. He quickly realizes that his situation is like he is creating a __ potential.

Action potential

Subthreshold potential

Hyperpolarization

All three

A

subthreshold potential

100
Q

Brutus is not being successful at engaging the crowd at the Schott. He tries to get the to do the wave but can only get a few in a section to rise. They sit back down without causing the whole section to rise. He quickly realizes that his situation is like he is creating a __ potential.

A. Graded potential
B. Threshold potential
C. Hyperpolarization
D. All three
A

graded potential

101
Q

Brutus is not being successful at engaging the crowd at the Schott. He tries to get the to do the wave but can only get a few in a section to rise. They sit back down without causing the whole section to rise. He quickly realizes that his situation is like he is creating a __ potential.

A. Action potential
B. Threshold potential
C. Depolarization
D. All three

A

depolarization

102
Q

In a comparison of afferent and efferent neurons, afferents have __ of their cell body in the central nervous system and __ dendrites than the efferents.

More-more
More - less
Less-more
Less-less

A

less - less

103
Q

Soon to be marketed local anesthetic works by binding to voltage-gated sodium channels. While still allowing the channels to open and close normally, this anesthetic causes the inactivator to be bent into the blocking position. The area of the patient that has been treated with this anesthetic will

Still experience graded potentials and action potentials

Still experience the opening of the potassium and sodium voltage gated channels

Both

Neither

A

still experience the opening of the potassium and sodium voltage gated channels

104
Q

Soon to be marketed local anesthetic works by binding to voltage-gated sodium channels. While still allowing the channels to open and close normally, this anesthetic causes the inactivator to be bent into the blocking position. The area of the patient that has been treated with this anesthetic will

Still experience graded potentials but no action potentials

Still experience the opening of the potassium and sodium voltage gated channels

Both

Neither

A

both

105
Q

Soon to be marketed local anesthetic works by binding to voltage-gated sodium channels. While still allowing the channels to open and close normally, this anesthetic causes the inactivator to be bent into the blocking position. The area of the patient that has been treated with this anesthetic will

Still experience graded potentials and action potentials

Still experience the opening of the potassium but not of the sodium voltage-gated channels

Both

Neither

A

neither

106
Q

An accident-prone anatomy student finds herself infected with a virus that has successfully gained access to the cell bodies of efferent neurons. Which is a correct statement about the infected student?

Her microglia near the infected efferents will look more round than spikey

Her CSF must have had the free virus within it

Both

Neither

A

her microglia near the infected efferents will look more round than spikey

107
Q

An accident-prone anatomy student finds herself infected with a virus that has successfully gained access to the cell bodies of efferent neurons. Which is a correct statement about the infected student?

Her microglia near the infected efferents will look more spikey than round

Her CSF might never have had the free virus within it

Both

Neither

A

her CSF might never have had the free virus within it

it could’ve come in through the afferent neurons

108
Q

An accident-prone anatomy student finds herself infected with a virus that has successfully gained access to the cell bodies of efferent neurons. Which is a correct statement about the infected student?

Her microglia near the infected efferents will look more round than spikey

Her CSF might never have had the free virus within it

Both

neither

A

both

109
Q

To plan his next improvement of Crabix, Flarplord Baggins considered the normal diffusion of calcium ions into a cell when their channels open. He correctly states that, as the calcium enter a cell,

The cell is losing potential energy

The impact of the calcium movement would be less than the impact of a similar amount of sodium

An inhibitory stimulus will be generated

All three

A

the cell is losing potential energy

because gradient is getting smaller

110
Q

To plan his next improvement of Crabix, Flarplord Baggins considered the normal diffusion of calcium ions into a cell when their channels open. He correctly states that, as the calcium enter a cell,

The cell is gaining potential energy

The impact of the calcium movement would be greater than the impact of a similar amount of sodium

An inhibitory stimulus will be generated

All three

A

The impact of the calcium movement would be greater than the impact of a similar amount of sodium

111
Q

Shh! The phys phabs are really mild-mannered sides of superheroes. Wonder-Womanesque Phys Phab Cathy has these really cool bracelets that disrupt the villain’s electrical messages. Her bracelets might work by causing the villain’s

Excitable cells to be hyperpolarized

V-gated potassium channels to be unable to open

Both

Neither

A

VG K channels to be unable to open

112
Q

29.Shh! The phys phabs are really mild-mannered sides of superheroes. Wonder-Womanesque Phys Phab Cathy has these really cool bracelets that disrupt the villain’s electrical messages. Her bracelets might work by causing the villain’s

Excitable cells to be hypopolarized

Chemically-gated potassium channels to be unable to open

Both

Neither

A

neither

113
Q

ATP synthase is the transporter associated with the electron transport chain that creates ATP by allowing protons (H+) to move through the transporter with their electrochemical gradient. Consequently, we correctly know that the movement of the protons is toward the area with a

Greater negative charge

Greater pH

Both

Neither

A

both

114
Q

ATP synthase is the transporter associated with the electron transport chain that creates ATP by allowing protons (H+) to move through the transporter with their electrochemical gradient. Consequently, we correctly know that the movement of the protons is toward the area with a

Greater positive charge

Greater pH

Both

Neither

A

greater pH

115
Q

Which is a correct statement about action potentials?

The actions of the sodium cause positive feedback

The sodium channels’ closing and potassium channels opening is simultaneous

Both

Neither

A

the actions of the Na cause positive feedback

116
Q

Which is a correct statement about action potentials?

The actions of the potassium cause positive feedback

The sodium channels’ closing and potassium channels opening is not simultaneous

Both

Neither

A

The sodium channels’ closing and potassium channels opening is not simultaneous

117
Q

Which is a correct statement about action potentials?

The actions of the sodium cause positive feedback

The sodium channels’ closing and potassium channels opening is not simultaneous

Both

Neither

A

both

118
Q

Coaches Meyer and Matta are both recruiting the same athlete. Unfortunately, during the athlete’s physical it is determined that he has been altered so, while still distributed like potassium, all of the athlete’s potassium has been replaced by compound Q which has no charge associated with it. The coaches correctly realize that when channels for Q are opened in a typical cell, Compound Q will

Move out of a cell

Move into a cell

Both

Direction cannot be determined

A

move out of the cell

119
Q

A neuron’s membrane potential is critical to its successful function as ____ synaptic neuron because of the need for calcium to enter this neuron.

A pre

A post

Either pre or post

Neither pre nor post

A

pre

120
Q

Neuron B is a presynaptic neuron for Neuron C and a postsynaptic neuron for Neuron A. While Neuron A creates EPSPs, Neuron B creates IPSPs. If we polarize the axon of Neuron A, then we will ___ the likelihood of threshold potentials in Neuron C.

Hyper-decrease

Re-decrease

Hyper-increase

Re-increase

A

hyper - increase

121
Q

Neuron B is a presynaptic neuron for Neuron C and a postsynaptic neuron for Neuron A. While Neuron A creates EPSPs, Neuron B creates IPSPs. If we polarize the axon of Neuron A, then we will ___ the likelihood of threshold potentials in Neuron C.

Hypo-decrease
De-decrease
Hypo-increase
De-increase

A

de - decrease

122
Q

The hypothalamus is a more recent addition to our brain than the ___ and impacts our ___ levels.

Basal nuclei - endocrine

Pons - endocrine

Basal nuclei - motor activity

Pons - motor activity

A

pons - endocrine

123
Q

The amygdala is composed mostly of gray matter and is found close to the basal nuclei. It functions in memory, decision making, and emotional reactions. Based on this information, we can correctly determine that the amygdala

Is functionally similar to the cerebral cortex

Consist mainly of ganglia

Is a part of the brainstem

Has long and very quick axons

A

is functionally similar to the cerebral cortex

124
Q

The amygdala is composed mostly of gray matter and is found close to the basal nuclei. It functions in memory, decision making, and emotional reactions. Based on this information, we can correctly determine that the amygdala

Is functionally similar to the cerebellum

Consist mainly of ganglia

Is a part of the forebrain

Has long and very quick axons

A

is a part of the forebrain

125
Q

Serotonin is a __ and will impact the individual’s __.

Biogenic amine - mood

Neuropeptide - mood

Biogenic amine - gland
control

Neuropeptide - gland control

A

biogenic amine - mood

126
Q

If the corpus callosum were temporarily hyperpolarized, then communication ___ would be immediately impacted.

Within the cerebellum

Within the cerebrum

Between the cerebrum and diencephalon

Between the cerebrum and cerebellum

A

with the cerebrum

127
Q

While studying for this exam, you suddenly jumped out of your seat at thompson. You then realized that you thought you had felt a spider landing on your bare shoulder. You laugh at your mistake and correctly realize that your jumping was caused by your

Thalamus
Diencephalon
Forebrain
All three are correct

A

all three are correct

128
Q

While studying for this exam, you suddenly jumped out of your seat at thompson. You then realized that you thought you had felt a spider landing on your bare shoulder. You laugh at your mistake and correctly realize that your jumping was caused by your

Hypohalamus
Midbrain
Forebrain
All three are correct

A

forebrain

129
Q

While studying for this exam, you suddenly jumped out of your seat at thompson. You then realized that you thought you had felt a spider landing on your bare shoulder. You laugh at your mistake and correctly realize that your jumping was caused by your

Thalamus
Midbrain
Brainstem
All three are correct

A

thalamus

130
Q

If the reflex arc’s efferent pathway contains one axon in the PNS, then the response could be

An increased heart rate

An involuntary muscle contraction

A movement of a joint

All all of these responses are possible

A

a movement of a joint

131
Q

If all of a person’s postganglionic synapses used the same neurotransmitter, then the communication process would be ___. In the normal state, a person’s preganglionic, parasympathetic neurons have ___ axons than the postganglionic axons.

Abnormal - longer

Abnormal - shorter

Normal - shorter

Normal - longer

A

abnormal - longer

132
Q

Allen and David become furious with Alex after he spills coffee on the podium and causes the CarmenConnect feed to be lost for the room. Consequently, they simultaneously punch Alex. The delivery of these punches are best described as most similar to ____ summation

Syntopic
Spatial
Temporal
Cerebral

A

spatial

133
Q

While on a secret visit to OSU to talk to your Phys Phabs, Peter Parker injured his nervous system while crossing the Oval. Fortunately, he can still kick and punch villains but he has lost his “spider senses”(tingly feeling)/ which is a correct possible explanation of this condition?

In his arms, he instantaneously lost all of the oligodendrocytes surrounding his afferent neurons

He did damage the dorsal axons of his cerebral cortex

Both explanations are correct

Neither explanation is correct

A

neither is correct

134
Q

A typical and normally healthy physiology student develops a headache and drinks a large glass of water to eliminate the headache. Which is a correct statement about this activity?

Prior to the ingestion of the water, the student’s ventricles had too much water within them

To accomplish the drinking, only the student’s cerebellum and cerebrum were required.

The efferent neurons that controlled the student’s muscles came from the ventral part of the spine

All three statements are correct about this activity

A

The efferent neurons that controlled the student’s muscles came from the ventral part of the spine

135
Q

A typical and normally healthy physiology student develops a headache and drinks a large glass of water to eliminate the headache. Which is a correct statement about this activity?

Prior to the ingestion of the water, the student’s ventricles did not have enough water within them

To accomplish the drinking, only the student’s cerebellum and cerebrum were required.

The efferent neurons that controlled the student’s muscles came from the dorsal part of the spine

All three statements are correct about this activity

A

Prior to the ingestion of the water, the student’s ventricles did not have enough water within them

136
Q

The somatic nervous system is to ___ as the autonomic nervous system is to ____.

One neuron - excites and inhibits

Digestive tract - cardiac muscle

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

one neuron - excites and inhibits

137
Q

The somatic nervous system is to ___ as the autonomic nervous system is to ____.

One neuron - excites and inhibits

Skeletal muscle - cardiac muscle

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

both are correc

138
Q

The somatic nervous system is to ___ as the autonomic nervous system is to ____.

Two neurons - excites and inhibits

Digestive tract - cardiac muscle

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

neither is correct

139
Q

The accident-prone anatomy student intends to drink his water during lab but instead drinks a concoction that causes all of the myelin to be removed from the axon of one of this neurons.
This neuron will

Not be able to have graded potentials

Be able to have action potentials

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

be able to have AP

140
Q

During the propagation of an action potential through your right forearm,

The signal will move faster if the axon is myelinated

When moving along a myelinated axon, the signal strength remains consistent (not decreasing)

Saltatory conduction is occurring between the oligodendrocytes

All three statements are correct about this propagation

A

the signal will move faster if the axon is myelinated

141
Q

During the propagation of an action potential through your right forearm,

The signal will move more slowly if the axon is myelinated

When moving along a myelinated axon, the signal strength remains consistent (e.g., not decreasing)

Saltatory conduction is occurring between the Schwann cells

All three statements are correct about this propagation

A

Saltatory conduction is occurring between the Schwann cells

142
Q

Flarplord Baggins attempts to re-design Crabix to now prevent efferent communication. He failed miserably because

Crabix will now attempt to impact the postganglionic, sympathetic neuron

Crabix acts to cause the exocytosis of acetylcholine receptors

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

Crabix acts to cause the exocytosis of acetylcholine receptors

143
Q

Flarplord Baggins attempts to re-design Crabix to now prevent efferent communication. He failed miserably because

Crabix will now attempt to impact the postganglionic, sympathetic neuron

Crabix acts to cause the endocytosis of acetylcholine receptors

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

neither is correct

144
Q

Shh! The Phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of superheros like Clark Kent for Superman. David (C) is able to disable villains by eliminating their somatic pathways. Last night, he startled a dastardly duo who were eating a pizza that had taken from a starving OSU student. During the trip to the police station, David correctly told them that

When they saw him coming to catch them, the ganglia furthest from their spines increased in activity

While eating the pizza the epinephrine levels in their blood was increasing

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

neither is correct

145
Q

After a very stressful period of studying for examination, you decide to take a class to help yourself relax. Which is a correct physiological response caused by meditation?

Relaxation of bronchioles

Decreased rate of digestion

Increased size of the pupils

Less blood flow throughout the body

A

less blood flow through the body

146
Q

After a very stressful period of studying for examination, you decide to take class to help yourself relax. Which is a correct physiological response caused by meditation?

contraction of bronchioles

Decreased rate of digestion

Increased size of the pupils

More blood flow throughout the body

A

contraction of bronchioles

147
Q

QP, the curious cat, can hear sounds two octaves higher than her human owner, therefore, QP likely has more ____-gated potassium channels near the ___ of the cochlea when compared to her human owner.

Voltage - base
Voltage - apex
Mechanically - base
Mechanically - apex

A

mechanically - base

148
Q

The sensory nervous system primarily utilizes _____ neurons and detects _____ changes.

Afferent - only external

Afferent - external and internal

Efferent - only external

Efferent - external and internal

A

afferent - external and internal

149
Q

For a stereocilia’’ information to be sent to the CNS, the correct and immediately adjacent order of involvement in the process is

Potassium - neurotransmitter - sodium

Potassium - calcium - neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitter - potassium - sodium

Calcium - potassium - neurotransmitter

A

postassium - calcium - neurotransmitter

150
Q

Lateral inhibition decreases the strength of ___ potentials in neighboring neurons to ___ the contrast between the neurons

Graded - diminish
Action - diminish
Graded - sharpen
Action - sharpen

A

graded - sharpen

151
Q

The visual system primarily responds to the ___ of ___ waves.

Modality - pressure

Modality - electromagnetic

Adequacy - pressure

Adequacy -
electromagnetic

A

modality - electromagnetic

152
Q

Nociceptors most typically are ___ that are the ___ method to transfer the message to the CNS.

Afferent neurons - slower

Afferent neurons - faster

Highly modified receptor cells - slower

Highly modified receptor cells - faster

A

afferent neurons - faster

153
Q

Retinitis pigmentosa is the leading cause of inherited blindness. A gene mutation causes the deterioration of first rods and then cones. Consequently , patients with this condition most typically experience the loss of ___ vision first as they lose the function in their ___ receptors.

Black and white - large

Color - large

Black and white - small

Color - small

A

black and white - large

154
Q

When compound X is administered to you, your smallest, left finger suddenly feels to be 30 degrees warmer. You correctly realize that X could be

Increasing graded potential sizes in the finger

Decreasing afferent activity in the finger

Not be an agonist within the brain

Impacting receptor cells before the efferents

A

increasing graded potential sizes in the finger

155
Q

When compound X is administered to you, your smallest, left finger suddenly feels to be 30 degrees warmer. You correctly realize that X could be

decreasing graded potential sizes in the finger

Decreasing afferent activity in the finger

be an agonist within the brain

Impacting receptor cells before the efferents

A

be an agonist within the brain

156
Q

While obviously missing external auditory canals, brutus otherwise matches humans in all other components of the ear. Therefore, to correctly accomplish the cheers throughout a game, he is continually sending information from these human-like components to ___distinct endpoints in his CNS and that information is gathered via ___ distinct receptor types.

2 - 1
2 -2
1 -1
1 -2

A

2-1

157
Q

Which is a correct statement about the somatosensory system?

It does not utilize receptor cells before the afferent neurons

It is a component of the proprioception system

Its input is spatially organized in the cerebellum

It will not be able to detect some pressure waves in the air

A

it does not utilize receptor cells before the afferent neurons

158
Q

Flarplord Baggins has redesigned Crabix to prevent humans from hearing him. He is actually successful in causing temporary deafness but fails because of his noon attack. To create deafness, Crabix could

Be an antagonist for the potassium channels of the stereocilia

Be present in the interstitial fluid in the stereocilia and change the membrane potential of the cochlea

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

neither is correct

Be present in the interstitial fluid in the cochlea and change the membrane potential of the stereo cilia would be right

159
Q

The accident-prone anatomy student banged his knee on a gurney in the dissection lab. Rubbing his wounded knee relieved the pain. A fellow anatomy student who is also in this course correctly told him that the inhibition of his knee’’ afferent neurons was initially caused by ___ neurons and then later was caused by ____ neurons

Afferent - afferent
Afferent - efferent
Efferent - efferent
All three are correct

A

afferent - efferent

160
Q

Which is a correct statement about the sensory nervous system?

The homunculus proportionally matches the number of receptive fields in a body part

Larger receptive fields will lead to an increase in sensitivity

Both are correct

Neither are correct

A

The homunculus proportionally matches the number of receptive fields in a body part

161
Q

Which is a correct statement about the sensory nervous system?

The homunculus proportionally matches the number of receptive fields in a body part

Larger receptive fields will lead to an decrease in sensitivity

Both are correct

Neither are correct

A

both are correct

162
Q

After a particularly rough week, Coaches Meyer and Matta find themselves comparing injuries that they incurred this week. Coach Meyer punctured his finger with an overly sharp cleat. Coach Matta has a bruised upper back from an elbow in a rebounding drill. Which is a correct statement about this injuries?

The intensity of these two injuries was likely not equal and created identical sized action potentials in the two coaches

Even if Coach Matta’s injury was larger in size, Coach Meyer likely has more afferents activated

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

both are correct

163
Q

After a particularly rough week, Coaches Meyer and Matta find themselves comparing injuries that they incurred this week. Coach Meyer punctured his finger with an overly sharp cleat. Coach Matta has a bruised upper back from an elbow in a rebounding drill. Which is a correct statement about this injuries?

The intensity of these two injuries was likely not equal and created differently sized action potentials in the two coaches

Even if Coach Matta’s injury was larger in size, Coach Meyer likely has less afferents activated

Both statements are correct

Neither statement is correct

A

neither is correct

164
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is to ___ as the parasympathetic nervous system is to ___.

Contracted pupils - increased gut motility

Relaxed bronchioles - decreased heart rate

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

relaxed brochioles - decreased heart rate

165
Q

Nocturnal animals are active primarily at night and sleep during the day. Compared to humans, one of these animals would most likely have

More of the smaller type of photoreceptor

Pupils that are more typically dilated

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

pupils are more typically dilated

166
Q

Nocturnal animals are active primarily at night and sleep during the day. Compared to humans, one of these animals would most likely have

fewer of the smaller type of photoreceptor

Pupils that are more typically dilated

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

both are correct

167
Q

Shh. the Phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of superheros (like Clark Kent for Superman). Unfortunately, Jay is red-green colorblind so accidently mistakes the Scarlet Shannon for the green Goblin as she was returning the stolen backpack of an unfortunate student on the Oval. After she fends off his amazing speed with her sharp toenails, she correctly reminds him that he likely

Does have an antagonist causing his visual problem

Does not have a different number of cones than her

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

does not have a different number of cones than her

168
Q

Shh. the Phys Phabs are really the mild-mannered sides of superheros (like Clark Kent for Superman). Unfortunately, Jay is red-green colorblind so accidently mistakes the Scarlet Shannon for the green Goblin as she was returning the stolen backpack of an unfortunate student on the Oval. After she fends off his amazing speed with her sharp toenails, she correctly reminds him that he likely

Does not have an antagonist causing his visual problem

Does have a different number of cones than her

Both are correct

Neither is correct

A

Does not have an antagonist causing his visual problem

Physiology (15 decks)

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