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Psyc 2330 Final > Midterm 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

During fear conditioning in rats, the foot shock is

A

US

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2
Q

US devaluation experiments

A

Support the S-S theory

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3
Q

Which of the following classical conditioning phenomena is thought to illustrate a case of S-S learning because the CS that elicits a response is never paired with a biological stimulus

A

sensory preconditioning

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4
Q

According to the Rescorla Wagner model, whether conditioning will occur or not depends on the relationship between

A

Vn and Vmax

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5
Q

Although classical conditioning procedures usually result in ? associations, they may also result in ? associations

A

S-R; S-S

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6
Q

Rats in the random group described by Rescorla

A

associate the US with background/contextual cues

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7
Q

A situation in which the CS elicits a response that looks like the response that is supposed to be conditioned is referred to as

A

sensitization to the CS

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8
Q

To measure the amount of conditioning in the conditioned suppression procedure, the rats response rate in the presence of the CS is compared to

A

the rats response rate just before the CS is presented

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9
Q

To demonstrate renewal of CR

A

the CR must be extinguished in a different context

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10
Q

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, the US becomes less effective on each subsequent conditioning trial because the subject

A

predicts the occurrence of the US more successfully

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11
Q

In the standard eye blink conditioning preparation in rabbits, the eye blink is the

A

UR and CR

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12
Q

In general, the most effective procedure for producing most classically conditioned associations is the ? conditioning procedure

A

delay

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13
Q

Fixed pattern actions are

A

initially highly variable but quickly become very stereotypes due to experience

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14
Q

Extinction is a process whereby

A

an event that was previously linked to an S* is not longer linked to that S*

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15
Q

Extinction is

A

the acquisition of competing or alternative learning

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16
Q

In the Rescorla Wagner model, the symbol ? is used to refer to the associative strength, or the predictive value of the CS

A

V

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17
Q

When researchers present one stimulus with a US and a second stimulus without the inhibitory conditioning procedure is referred to as ? training

A

differential inhibition

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18
Q

The blocking phenomenon is said to occur when

A

nothing is learned about a novel stimulus despite compound training with an established excitatory CS

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19
Q

? refers to the decrement in response occurring upon repeated presentation of a stimulus that reliably elicits the response

A

habituation

20
Q

Which of the following event(s) may function as context cue(s) that can produce renewal effects?

A

experimenter provides cues that co-occur with the designated CS

21
Q

According to Hull’s drive theory

A

reduction of drive is “satisfying”

22
Q

The central motive state

A
  • indirectly modulates learning
  • influences the incentive value of a goal
  • influences the aversive value of a goal
  • has an impact on the strength of behaviour
23
Q

Studies in the Aplasia have indicated

A

sensitization is non-associative

24
Q

Experiments performed in the Aplasia have demonstrated that habituation is caused by

A

reduction of pool synaptic vesicles

25
Q

According to Hull, S-R associations become stronger as a function of how often they are followed

A

by stimuli that satisfy a need and reduce a drive

26
Q

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, animals associate a CS with a US if

A

the US is unexpected

27
Q

The reappearance of a CR to a CS due to a brief presentation of the US is a phenomenon called?

A

Reinstatement

28
Q

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others in the following

  • spontaneous recovery
  • habituation
  • reinstatement
  • extinction
  • renewal
A

extinction

29
Q

If Vmax=2, V3=1 and alphabeta=1, delateV4 = ?

A

1

30
Q

In classical conditioning

A

the CS acquires conditioned incentive value if paired with an incentive

31
Q

sensory preconditioning

A
  • example of S-S learning
  • involves associating two CSs
  • occurs before exposure to the US
  • is conceptually similar to second order conditioning
32
Q

The rescorla wagner model

A

provides suitable explanation for the asymptotic nature of learning curves

33
Q

Assuming alpha/beta = 1, the value of deltaV6 after extinction is?

A

the value cannot be calculated

34
Q

Learning that occurs in the absence of drive reduction, but remains unused until a stimulus provides an incentive for using it is known as

A

latent learning

35
Q

The studies of Aplasia have suggested that

A

the response of the sensors neutron is not altered by experience

36
Q

the incentive value of a goal stimulus

A
  • is learned
  • is relative
  • has an impact on learning
  • is in part determined by the central motive state
37
Q

The concept of homeostasis refers to

A

a stable internal state maintained by engaging in different behaviours over time

38
Q

Increased responding to the CS that might occur because of mere exposure to the US is known as

A

pseudo conditioning

39
Q

Presentation of CS associated with an incentive US will ? instrumental action motivated by an incentive stimulus

A

increase

40
Q

Which of the following is not classical law of association

  • frequency of CS-US association
  • intensity /novelty of CS and US
  • contiguity
A

contingency

41
Q

According to the rescorla wagner model, on each CS-US conditioning trial, the ? becomes ? surprising

A

US; less

42
Q

The rescorla model emphasizes the importance of the ? whereas the Macintosh model emphasizes the importance of the ?

A

US; CS

43
Q

Which of the following could be an example of Pavlovian conditioned response?

A

enjoying a familiar song

44
Q

Which of the following could be an example of Pavlovian unconditioned response?

A

a sense of fear caused by a loud explosion

45
Q

Write the Rescorla wagner model and explain the terms

A

deltaV = Vmax - Vn

Where:
deltaV = change in associative strength on each conditioning trial
Vmax = maximum associative strength (maximum learning that can occur)
Vn = associative strength between CS and US (stronger the association, larger the number)

Psyc 2330 Final (11 decks)

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