Middle Childhood: Family Relationships

Question 1

families functions are influenced from

Answer 1

micro to macro

eg: parent/child interactions to the culture’s larger institutions

Question 2

what are the general dimensions of parenting

Answer 2

1. warmth

2. control

Question 3

• How responsive/affectionate the parent is

- involved in the child’s activities, emotionally supportive, and spend a lot of time with them

Answer 3

warmth

Question 4

How manipulative/influential the parent is

Answer 4

control

Question 5

two kinds of control

Answer 5

• psychological

- behavioral

Question 6

Making children feel guilty or happy

Answer 6

psychological

Question 7

Setting rules and imposing limits

Answer 7

behavioral

Question 8

identified four distinct patterns of parental caretaking and interaction with children.

Answer 8

baumrind

Question 9

four parenting styles

Answer 9

Authoritarian
Authoritative
Permissive
Uninvolved

Question 10

style of parenting in which parents show high levels of control and low levels of warmth toward their children

Answer 10

authoritarian

Question 11

style of parenting in which parents use a moderate amount of control and are warm and responsive to their children

Answer 11

authoritative

Question 12

style of parenting in which parents offer warmth and caring but little control over their children.

Answer 12

permissive

Question 13

style of parenting in which parents provide neither warmth nor control and minimize the time they spend with their children

Answer 13

uninvolved

Question 14

telling children what to do, when, and why

Answer 14

direct instruction

Question 15

helping children master social and emotional skills; explaining links between behavior and emotions

Answer 15

coaching

Question 16

learning by observing and imitating what parents do and say; involve both imitation and counterimitation

Answer 16

modeling

Question 17

increasing behavior through reinforcement (e.g. candy); decreasing behavior through punishment (e.g. time-outs)

Answer 17

feedback

Question 18

Sibling relationships tend to be more harmonious if:

Answer 18

1. they’re adolescents
2. same sex
3. not too emotional
4. parents have good relationship
5. parents are affectionate,
   caring and responsive to all the children

Question 19

• Have enthusiastic but inexperienced parents
• They’re “guinea pigs” for the parents’ experiments
• Generally get more attention and have to live up to higher expectations.

Answer 19

first-borns

Question 20

• Have more complacent but experienced parents

- Are less concerned about pleasing parents and adults in general

Answer 20

later-borns

Question 21

inadequate food, clothing, or medical care

Answer 21

75% neglect

Question 22

assault leading to physical injuries

Answer 22

15% physical abuse

Question 23

fondling, intercourse, or other behaviors

Answer 23

10% sexual abuse

Question 24

ridicule, rejection, or humiliation

Answer 24

5% psychological abuse

Question 25

risk of maltreatment is higher when

Answer 25

• family is poor
• parents have bad relationship
• child is frequently ill
• child is not biologically related

Question 26

person’s ability to respond adaptively and resourcefully to new situations

Answer 26

ego resilience