Middle Ages - Outline 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Why was there a decline of the Roman Empire?

A

Unstable and decentralized governments - lack of a strong ruler; Feudal states appear ruled by a lord/noble;

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2
Q

As the Roman empire declines, what arises?

A

Transformation around 1100 - rise of kings/monarchs who rule nation states; Rise of a new middle class/growth of towns

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3
Q

What are the original Germanic Tribes?

A

Angles, Saxons, and Jutes

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4
Q

Who was King Alfred (“Alfred the great”)?

A

Pushed for literacy; Commissioned the ANGLO-SAXON (a history of England); Unites Anglo Saxon kingdoms - known as “Angle land” or England

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5
Q

Who was William of Normandy (“The Conqueror”)?

A

Great leader; Gives his noram vassals land so they have something to return to instead of rebelling; Gathered forces of 200-300 boats and 6000 men; created the GREAT COUNCIL (nobles/ church officials/ royal officials; Conducted the first census called the Doomsday book (used to collect taxes)

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6
Q

Who was Henry I?

A

Created the EXCHEQUER (the department of royal finances; Set up a system of royal courts - Developed a constitutional government

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7
Q

Who was Henry II?

A

Set up a system of common law (laws that everyone followed in comparison to having individual sets of laws); Created Grand Jury - use of trial

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8
Q

What is the Magna Carta?

A

Worlds first “Constitution”; Means “Great Charter”

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9
Q

What is the middle class?

A

A class of which income was acquired by business and trade rather than land

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10
Q

What is the House of Lords?

A

Nobles and clergy

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11
Q

What is the House of Commons?

A

Knights and burgesses (government officials)

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12
Q

Who was Louis VI?

A

Increased role of towns people/clergy; gives self government to towns

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13
Q

Who was Phillip II (“Phillip Augustus)?

A

Further weakens nobles

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14
Q

Who was Louis IX?

A

Phillip II’s grandson; Head of Royal courts; Minted coins; bans noble fighting

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15
Q

Who is Phillip IV (“The fair “)

A

Opposes Pope Boniface VIII; sets up ESTATES GENERAL

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16
Q

What is the Estaes General?

A

An assembly of nobles, clergy, and townspeople who’s intentions to allow the raise of taxes

17
Q

Pope John crowns Otto I …

A

the emperor of the romans