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RCM level 10 history > Middle Ages- Mass > Flashcards

Middle Ages- Mass Flashcards

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1
Q

Define isorhythm

A

a compositional device perfected in the ars nova
combines melodic patterns (color) with rhythmic patterns (talea)
color and talea are typically not the same length, overlapping rather than coinciding

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2
Q

Guillaume de Machaut was the most celebrated and significant composer of…

A

the French ars Nova

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3
Q

Which is from the Mass Proper?
A. Offertory
B. Agnus Dei
C. Gloria

A

A. Offertory

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4
Q

Which word refers to one voice, called the dux or “leader,” starting with a theme, and another voice called the comes or “follower,” following a few beats later singing exactly the same theme, continuing throughout the piece?
A. imitation
B. Canon

A

B. Canon

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5
Q

In the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame, the _________ is polyphonic
A. Kyrie and Christe sections
B. Chant

A

A. Kyrie and Christe sections

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6
Q

The Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame is based on the…

A

Dorian mode

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7
Q

How many voices are there in the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame?

A

four

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8
Q

Guillaume de Machaut composed the first complete polyphonic setting of…

A

the Mass Ordinary: Messe de Nostre Dame

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9
Q

In the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame, the _________ is monophonic
A. Kyrie and Christe sections
B. Chant

A

B. Chant

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10
Q

What language is the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame?

A

Greek

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11
Q

What is the genre of the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame?

A

Mass

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12
Q

Guillaume de Machaut employed highly sophisticated…

A

contrapuntal techniques

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13
Q

In the 13th century, during the time of Pérotin, the clausulae of the discant sections were…

A

being rewritten

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14
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s harmonic style includes a wider use of…

A

consonant intervals (thirds and sixths) than normally appears in works of the ars antiqua

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15
Q

A second innovation in this Mass is the introduction of…

A

another voice into the traditional three-voice style: the “contratenor”

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16
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s monophonic chansons represent a continuation of…

A

the trouvère tradition ( northern France )

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17
Q

The earliest Mass settings took the form of…

A

monophonic chants in the early middle ages

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18
Q

The ars nova treatise elaborates on the innovations brought upon…

A

The rhythmic practices and notation practices of the Middle Ages.

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19
Q

Guillaume de Machaut frequently wrote his own poetry using…

A

the fixed poetic forms: rondeau, ballade, and virelai and set it to music in his chansons

20
Q

Define ars nova style

A

Latin for “new art,” from the title of a treatise by composer Philippe de Vitry
used in reference to French music of the 14th century; the previous era came to be known as ars antiqua
involved greater complexity in melody, harmony, and rhythm and included use of isorhythm, hocket, and musica ficta

21
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s isorhythmic motets are generally…

A

big ceremonial pieces that feature recurring rhythmic and melodic patterns (called talea and color respectively)

22
Q

Prior to the 14th century, the dominant rhythmic unit was…

A

triple meter

23
Q

True or false?

Wide melodic leaps occur frequently.

A

Trure- The voices other than the tenor frequently have wide melodic leaps.

24
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s chansons are often based on…

A

the formes fixes of French poetry

25
Q

What is the composition date of the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame?

A

ca. 1350

26
Q

Where does the name ‘ars nova’ come from?

A

It is the name of a treatise written by Philipe de Vitry, a French composer, poet, and bishop. He uses the term to describe the ongoing changes taking place in music and art.

27
Q

Guillaume de Machaut was the first known composer to create a unified, multi-movement composition of…

A

of the Mass Ordinary

28
Q

Is the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame from the Mass Proper or the Mass Ordinary?

A

Mass Ordinary

29
Q

Guillaume de Machaut is among the first composers for whom we have…

A

a complete edition of collected works

30
Q

Define musica ficta

A

Latin for “false music”
performance practice applied in modal music of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance
performers raised or lowered pitches by a half step to avoid undesirable intervals or create harmonic tension leading to cadences
much like modern-day accidentals

31
Q

Who wrote the Ars Nova treatise?

A

Philippe de Vitry

32
Q

Which is from the Mass ordinary?
A. Introit
B. Gradual
C. Credo

A

C. Credo

33
Q

Who was the composer the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame?

A

Machaut

34
Q

The ____________ in tenor of the Kyrie of the Messe de Nostre Dame is based on a 10th-century plainchant (Kyrie cunctipotens genitor Deus from Gregorian Mass IV)

A

cantus firmus

35
Q

In which century was the second voice added to the chants?

A

in the 9th century

36
Q

In hocket, two voices combine to create a single melody, one resting while the other sings. It was frequently employed in…

A

ars nova polyphony.

37
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s polyphonic chansons demonstrate 14th century rhythmic complexity, including the use of…

A

syncopation, hocket, and isorhythm

38
Q

Is the Mass Proper or the Mass Ordinary the part of the Mass that does not change?

A

the ordinarium parts of the Mass are the set of texts of the Roman Rite Mass that are generally invariable.

39
Q

Guillaume de Machaut’s notable genres are…

A

mass
motet
chanson

40
Q

Define hocket

A

from French word hoquet meaning “hiccup”
a rhythmic and melodic technique frequently employed in ars nova style
two voices combine to create a single melody: one resting while the other sings
rests are used as motivic features among two or more voices to create space for emphasizing specific musical and textual elements

41
Q

Musica ficta can be compared to the modern-day practice of…

A

raising or lowering a pitch by means of an accidental.

42
Q

Which word refers to one voice, called the dux or “leader,” starting with a theme, and another voice called the comes or “follower,” following a few beats later singing exactly the same theme, but perhaps then breaking off and singing independent parts?
A. imitation
B. Canon

A

A. imitation

43
Q

Which is from the Mass Proper?
A. Kyrie
B. Gradual
C. Credo

A

B. Gradual

44
Q

Vitry and Machaut both made major contributions to the repertoire of compositions that feature the use of…

A

isorhythm

45
Q

True or false?

Repeated rhythmic and melodic patterns characterize the vocal lines.

A

True- the piece is isorhythmic

RCM level 10 history (22 decks)

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