Microscope Flashcards
is the ability of a microscope to produce an image of an object at a scale larger (or even smaller) than its actual size. it also serves a useful purpose only when it is possible to see more details of an object in the image than when observing the object with the unaided
Magnification
is used to describe the ability of a microscope to distinguish details of a specimen or sample. In other words, the minimum distance between 2 distinct points of a specimen where they can still be seen by the observer or microscope camera as separate entities.
resolution
is the diameter of the viewing field measured at an intermediate plane of angle. To put it simply, it’s the diameter of the circular area you see when you look through the eyepiece of the microscope.
field of view
As the magnification increases, the field of view?
decreases
STRUCTURAL PARTS OF THE MICROSCOPE:
- HEAD
- ARM
- BASE
is a cylindrical metallic tube that holds the eyepiece lens at one end and connects to the nose piece at other end.
head
head is also called a?
body tube or eyepiece tube
It connects the eyepiece lens to the objective lens.
Head
What type of microscope that the head are adjustable so that the viewer can adjust the eyepiece for maximum visualization.
binocular microscopes
This is the part connecting the base to the head and the eyepiece tube to the base of the microscope. It supports the head of the microscope and is also used when carrying the microscope.
ARM
is the lowermost part of the microscope that supports the entire microscope structure. It provides stability for the microscope, Illuminators, light switches, and electrical wiring systems are fitted in the base.
base
is closest to the viewer’s eye. They are located at the top of the microscope. This part is used to look at the specimen.
The eyepiece (ocular Lens)
lenses come in different magnification powers from
5x to 30x
the most common ocular lenses are of?
10x or 15x magnification
It carries the eyepiece just above the objective lens.
eyepiece holder
In some microscopes, such as the binoculars, the ? is flexible and can be rotated for maximum visualization for variance in distance.
eyepiece tube
is a movable circular structure that houses all the objective lenses.
nose piece
nose piece is also called the?
REVOLVING TURRET
It is connected to the body tube and lies just above the stage. It can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to increase or decrease the magnification.
Nose piece
is the lens that is closest to the specimen. They are fitted on the nosepiece.
objective lens
A standard microscope has 3 to 4 objective lenses of different magnifying powers:
4X, 10X, 40X, and 100X.
are color-coded and are of different sizes. Size and color depend on the power of the lens.
Objective lenses
The smallest lens is of the?
lowest power
the longest lens will be of the
highest power
In most optical microscopes, objective lenses with 100X or more magnification are of?
oil immersion type.
provides the lowest magnification power of all objective lenses.
scanning objective lens ( red )
4x is a common magnification for scanning objectives and, when combined with the magnification power of a 10x eyepiece lens, a 4x scanning objective lens gives a total magnification of?
40x
The name “ ? “ of objective lens comes from the fact that they provide observers with about enough magnification for a good overview of the slide, essentially a “scan” of the slide
scanning
has more magnification power than the scanning objective lens, and it is one of the most helpful lenses when it comes to observing and analyzing glass slide samples.
low power objective lens ( yellow )
The total magnification of a low power objective lens combined with a 10x eyepiece lens is?
100x magnification
high-powered objective lens (also called “ ? “ lens)
high dry
is ideal for observing fine details within a specimen sample.
high-powered objective lens ( blue )
The total magnification of a high-power objective lens combined with a 10x eyepiece is equal to?
400x magnification,
provides the most powerful magnification
oil immersion objective lens
What is oil immersion objective lens magnification when combined with a 10x eyepiece?
magnification total of 1000x
Without adding a drop of ?, the oil immersion objective lens will not function correctly, the specimen will appear blurry, and you will not achieve an ideal magnification or resolution.
immersion oil
used for focusing the image under low power magnification. It is a larger knob and is used to move the stage up or down very rapidly. The stage is raised or lowered rapidly
Coarse Adjustment Knob
is used for fine adjustment. It is a smaller knob and is used to move the stage up or down very slowly. It is used to sharpen the image. It is mostly used while viewing under high power.
Fine Adjustment Knob
This is the section in which the specimen is placed for viewing. They have stage clips that hold the specimen slides in place.
STAGE
most common stage is the ?, which allows the control of the slides by moving the slides using the mechanical knobs on the stage instead of moving them manually
mechanical stage
Holds the slide in place on the stage so it doesn’t move while you’re viewing the specimen.
STAGE CLIPS
are the control knobs used to move the stage mechanically.
Stage Control Knobs
There are two stage control knobs;
one for moving left and right and the other for moving forward and backward.
These are lenses that are used to collect and focus light from the illuminator into the specimen. They are found under the stage next to the diaphragm of the microscope. They play a major role in ensuring clear, sharp images are produced with a high magnification of 400X and above.
CONDENSER
More sophisticated microscopes come with an ?, that has a high magnification of about 1000x
Abbe condenser
It’s also known as the iris.
DIAPHRAGM
It is found under the stage of the microscope, and its primary role is to control the amount of light that reaches the specimen. It’s an adjustable apparatus, hence controlling the light intensity and the size of the beam of light that gets to the specimen.
DIAPHRAGM
is the light source for a microscope, typically located in the base of the microscope.
Illuminator
Make sure all backpacks and unnecessary materials are out of the aisles and off the tops of the desks.
TABLE PLACEMENT
Install the microscope on a sturdy, level table. Equipment and instruments which generate vibrations should not be placed on or near this table. The height of the table should be convenient for the user. As an alternative or in addition, an adiustable stool should be made available to make
TABLE PLACEMENT
Use only ? For cleaning lenses
lens paper or gauze and cleaning solution
Lenses must be clean for resolution. Use only lens paper or gauze and cleaning solution. Never use your finger, handkerchief, paper towels or spit to clean the lenses. Do not remove any parts for cleaning; it only allows dust to enter the microscope
CLEANING
- Turn off light & center mechanical stage.
- Position the nosepiece so that the lowest scanning (4X)
objective is in place. - Remove the slide from the stage, put in proper place.
- Clean the stage and lenses with gauze and lens cleaner, wipe off any oil.
- Wrap the cord around the arm. CAREFULLY carry with two hands and GENTLY place the microscope in the proper cabinet.
PUTTING AWAY
