FOLLICULOGENESIS Flashcards
Oogenesis involves two maturation processes happening at once what are those processes?
the maturation of the ovum and the maturation of the ovarian follicle or foliculogenesis
is the developmental process of ovarian follicles starting from a reserve of quiescent primordial follicles set up in early life and ending with either ovulation or follicular death by atresia
Folliculogenesis
Folliculogenesis is the developmental process of ovarian follicles starting from a reserve of quiescent primordial follicles set up in early life and ending with either?
ovulation or follicular death by atresia
is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set of somatic ells which is the basic units of the female reproductive biology containing a single oocyte
OVARIAN FOLLICLE
are the first class of follicles formed in mammalian ovaries
primordial follicles
primordial follicles are the first class of follicles formed in mammalian ovaries and consist of a?
primary oocyte
primordial follicles are the first class of follicles formed in mammalian ovaries and consist of a primary oocyte surrounded by a?
single layer of flattened granulosa cells
These follicles remain in a dormant state until they receive signals for activation or are relieved of a negative regulatory factor
primordial follicles
When the primordial follicle is stimulated, it becomes a?
primary follicle
In primary follicle the primary oocyte ?, and the follicular cells ?
enlarges and divide
follicle that has two layers of follicular cells is called?
primary follicle
These cells continue to hypertrophy and proliferate to form many layers surrounding the oocyte.
primary follicle
transition from a primordial follicle to a primary follicle, the flattened cells surrounding the oocyte (called pre-granulosa or follicular cells) change in shape and function. They grow larger and become cuboidal in shape, at which point they are officially referred to as?
granulosa cells
during the transition from a primordial follicle to a primary follicle, the ?, a thick glycoprotein layer, begins to develop between the oocyte and the surrounding granulosa cells.
zona pellucida
during the transition from a primordial follicle to a primary follicle, the stroma surrounding the follicle begins to develop and form a structure known as the?
theca
Only one of the maturing follicles completes the maturation process each month. The rest degenerate into?
atretic follicles
primary follicle develops into?
secondary follicle
Looks very similar to primary follicles, except that they are larger, there are more follicular cells, and there are small accumulations of fluid in the intracellular spaces called follicular fluid (nutritive fluid for the oocyte)
secondary follicles
secondary follicles look very similar to primary follicles, except that they are larger, there are more follicular cells, and there are small accumulations of fluid in the intracellular spaces called?
follicular fluid
What is the name of the fluid-filled cavity that forms as small pockets of fluid within a secondary follicle gradually coalesce?
Antrum
the surrounding granulosa cells of secondary follicle is called?
cumulus oophorus
What are the surrounding theca of secondsry follicle that differentiates into two layers:
• Theca interna
• Theca externa
This theca surround the granulosa cells and a rounded cells that secrete androgens and follicular fluid
Theca interna
This theca is a,more fibrous spindle shaped cells
Theca externa
The androgens are converted into ? by the granulosa cells pf secondary follicle
estrogen
The secondary follicle develops into?
Graffian follicle
after the first meiotic division of the secondary oocyte, most of the cytoplasm is indeed retained in?
one of the two daughter cells
After the first meiotic division, most of the cytoplasm goes into one of the two daughter cells. The other becomes the?
polar body
The follicular fluid fills a single space, called the antrum, which is surrounded by the follicular cells - called the?
membrana granulosa
The granulosa cells of graafian follicle that surrounds the oocyte, and project into the antrum are called as the?
cumulus oophorus
This follicle contains a secondary oocyte which was arrested in metaphase 2 and completes it’s meiosis shortly before ovulation resulting to a secondary oocyte and a polar body.
Graafian Follicle
The secondary oocyte together with the zona pellucida and corona radiata will be released from the follicle during?
ovulation
It is a thick layer of glycoproteins present around the plasma membranes of oocytes.
ZONA PELLUCIDA
A thickened mound of granulosa cells that surround the oocyte and projects into the antrum of the ovarian follicles.
CUMULUS OOPHORUS (“Egg-bearing heap”).
It is the innermost layer of cumulus cells, immediately adjacent to the Zona Pellucida. Cells in this layer extend their cytoplasm toward the oocyte through the Zona Pellucida.
CORONA RADIATA
It is the layer of granulosa cells ( follucular cells ) bordering the antrum
Membrana granulosa
The fuid (LIQUOR FOLLICULI) filled space of an ovarian follicle which is present in the secondary and tertiary follicles.
ANTRUM
It is an accumulation of granulosa cells connecting the granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte with the peripheral granulosa cells layer in a Grafian follicle.
HILLOCK
These cells are endocrine-like and border the membrana granulosa. The function in the production of estrogen
Theca interna
Fibroblast-resembling cells just outside the theca interna. It’s exterior limits are not discernible because it blends and merges with other cells of the ovarian stroma; the beginning of this layer can be identified, however, by its proximity to the theca interna.
THECA EXTERNA
A fully mature Graafian follicle ruptures and releases the female gamete in a phenomenon known as?
ovulation
The secondary oocyte, zona pellucida and the corona radiata are all expelled at ovulation, and enter the?
fallopian tube
Once released, the secondary oocyte begins its second meiotic division, as far as metaphase Il. Division only carries on if the ovum is?
fertilized
Also called the bleeding corpus luteum
CORPUS HEMORRHAGICUM
Itis a temporary structure formed immediately after ovulation from the ovarian follicle as it collapses and is filled with blood that quickly clots.
CORPUS HEMORRHAGICUM
is the transitional stage between the Dominant folicle and Corpus Luteum.
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
is made up of lutein cells (from the Latin luteus, meaning
“saffron-yellow”), which develop immediately following ovulation, when yellow pigment and lipids accumulate within the granulosa cells lining the follicle.
corpus luteum
corpus luteum secretes?
estrogens and progesterone
If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum becomes inactive after? And what occurs?
10-14 days, and menstruation occurs
It is the regressed form of the corpus luteum
CORPUS AL BICANS
What are cells that help clean up and remove the old tissue of corpus luteum
Macrophages
These cells lay down type / collagen, forming the corpus albicans.
Fibroblasts
As the corpus luteum is being broken down by macrophages, fibroblasts lay down type / collagen, forming the corpus albicans. This process is called?
utelysis
The remains of the ? may persist as a scar on the surface of the ovary
corpus albicans
