Micros & Macros

Question 0

Essential Fatty Acids

Answer 0

good fats needed for strong cell walls, metabolism, and other important functions of the thyroid and adrenal gland: Essential Fatty Acid include Linoleic acid, Lenolenic acid and Arachiokonic

Question 1

Fatty Acids

Answer 1

any of a large group of monobasic assets, especially those found in animal and vegetable fats and oils

Question 2

Triglycerides

Answer 2

The storage form of fat made up of three fatty acid and the glycerol group

Question 3

Insulin

Answer 3

A polypeptide hormone functioning in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, especially in the conversion of glucose to glycogen, which lowers the blood glucose level

Question 4

Glucose

Answer 4

principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body

Question 5

Glycogen

Answer 5

The common storage form of glucose in the liver and muscles that is biochemically processed as part of the energy producing cycle. It’s a polysaccharide commonly called animal starch, is readily converted into glucose as the energy needs of the body require.

Question 6

Glycogenolysis

Answer 6

The cellular breakdown of stored glycogen for energy, which is regulated by the enzyme phosphorylase.

Question 7

Glycolytic Pathway

Answer 7

glucose is broken down to produce energy anaerobically

Question 8

Amino Acids

Answer 8

The building blocks of protein. there are 24 amino acids, which form countless number of different proteins. they all contain nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. amino acids are either essential or nonessential.

Question 9

Carbohydrates

Answer 9

Chemical compounds of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. common forms are starches, sugars, cellulose, and gums. carbohydrates are more readily used for energy production than are fats and proteins. they are one of the three basic foodstuffs and can be classified as either a simple carbohydrate or a complex carbohydrate

Question 10

Complex Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Foods of plans origin consisting of three or more simple sugars found together. Also known as polysaccharides. The starch and cranes is an example. Compared to monosaccharides (refined carbohydrates such as table sugar and white flower products), complex carbs require a prolonged enzymatic process for digestion and thus provide a slow, even and ideal flow of energy.

Question 11

Creatine

Answer 11

organic acid generally found in the muscle as phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) that supplies energy for muscle contraction

Question 12

Lactic Acid

Answer 12

A by-product of glucose and glycogen

• Accumulation causes muscular fatigue and pain, and retards contraction
• it is carried by the blood to the liver, where it is reconverted to glucose and returned as blood glucose to the muscles
• Recovery follows when enough oxygen gets to the muscle, part of the lactic acid being oxidized and most of it being built up once more into glycogen

Question 13

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 13

Chemical process that converts lactate and pyruvate (salt) back into glucose.

• when glycogen stores are low, glucose for emergency energy is synthesized from protein and the glycerol portion of fat molecules

Question 14

Glycolysis

Answer 14

The metabolic process that creates energy from the splitting of glucose to form pyruvic acid or lactic acid and ATP

Question 15

Hemoglobin

Answer 15

An oxygen transporting protein found in blood cells

Question 16

Fructose

Answer 16

Fruit sugar

Question 17

Lipogenesis

Answer 17

The formation of fat