Microorganisms Flashcards
Decribe the macroscopic view?
this is what we can see with the naked eye.
Describe the microscopic view
this is a view of an object under a microscope.
what are the 5 groups that organisms are classified under called as a collective?
the 5 kingdoms
What are the names of the five different groups?
what are microorganisms?
these are organism that we cannot see with out naked eye and only under a microscope.
give examples of microorganisms.
Viruses, bacteria, protists and fungi
what is a microbiologists?
these are scientists that study micro organisms.
Are Microorganisms living or non-living?
they are living and we a know this because they grow as time passes.
what are viruses?
these are extremely small microorganisms which can only be seen using an electron microscope.
what are viruses?
these are extremely small microorganisms which can only be seen using an electron microscope.
When do viruses become active?
they only become active once in contact with a cell of living things.
what can viruses be described as and what do they attack?
they can be described as parasites and they attack protists, plants and animals.
what are bacteria?
micro-organisms that are made up of only one cell.
what are the possible shapes of bacteria?
they are round, rod-shaped or spiral shaped
what process are bacteria involved in that is needed by plants and what are these bacteria called?
The process they are involved in is called recycling minerals and these bacteria are called antibiotics
TRUE OR FALSE?
All bacteria is good for plants and animals.
FALSE
There are harmful bacteria that can cause diseases
Where can protists be found?
In water or in areas where it is moist.
What is similar between protists and bacteria
they both consist of only one cell.
what causes red tides?
an over population of red algae in sea water
give two examples of protists(2)
Amoeba and Algae
are fungi bigger or smaller than bacteria?
bigger
provide a few examples of fungal species?
moulds, yeast, mushrooms and toadstools
what do fungi do and what are they according to this function?
They are decomposers and they eat dead plants and animals.
give an example of useful fungi (useful to people) and what is it used for?
penicillium, which is used to produce the antibiotic penicillin
what are antibiotics used for?
they are used to kill bacteria
What was the first antibiotic discovered?
penicillin
what unit of measurement is used to measure viruses?
micrometers which is equal to 1/1000 of millimeter.
what the three processes that useful microorganisms are involved in?
- Recycling nutrients
- Fermentation
- the manufacturing of anitibiotics
if microorganisms recycle nutrients what can they be known as? and what do they do?
Decomposers, which break down waste and dead organic matter and thus recycle nutrients into the soil.
define fermentation
The process of changing carbohydrates into acids, alcohols and carbon dioxide.
Define antibiotics
these are medicines that are used to treat infection caused by bacteria.
who first discovered that the growth of mould could kill bacteria?
Alexander Fleming
What chemical is produced by mould and what does this chemical do?
The chemical is called penicillin and it can kill bacteria.
Give examples of diseases caused by harmful microorganisms
- HIV and AIDS
- Tuberculosis
- Malaria
- Waterborne diseases
