Microcirculation, Fluid Exchange, Lymphatic System

Question 1

What drives the movement of materials across a capillary wall?

Answer 1

active and passive forces

Question 2

T/F the tissue controls its own blood flow in relation to its metabolic need

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the term used for the main arterial supply to any tissue?

Answer 3

Nutrient artery

Question 4

T/F metarterioles have a muscular coat

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Which structure is considered the most permeable to plasma proteins?

Answer 5

Brain

Question 6

Which structure is considered the least permeable to plasma proteins?

Answer 6

Liver

Question 7

Why is blood flow not continuos through capillaries?

Answer 7

Vasomotion - intermittent flow of blood through capillaries

Question 8

List a factor affecting vasomotion

Answer 8

Oxygen concentration

Question 9

What does the average function of the capillary system depend on?

Answer 9

Average blood flow, capillary pressure, and rate of transfer

Question 10

What is the most important process of nutrient exchange?

Answer 10

Diffusion

Question 11

Which type of soluble substances diffuse directly through cell membranes? I.E they don’t pass through pores

Answer 11

Lipid-soluble

Question 12

What is proportional to the net diffusion rate of a substance?

Answer 12

Concentration difference between the two sides of the membrane

Question 13

List the 2 structures that make up the interstitium

Answer 13

• collagen fiber bundles
• proteoglycan filaments

Question 14

What are the 2 things that make up proteoglycan filaments?

Answer 14

Hyaluronic acid and protein = reticular filament “brush pile”

Question 15

What is the state of matter between cells?

Answer 15

Gel

Question 16

How much percentage of free fluid in the interstitium?

Answer 16

1%

Question 17

Which element of Fick’s law of diffusion is influenced by temperature?

Answer 17

Diffusion Coefficient (D)

Question 18

Rate of diffusion = ( DA [Sc - Si] ) / change x

Answer 18

concentration difference (S)
Area (A)
Distance (change x)

Question 19

Define osmosis

Answer 19

Water movement through diffusion

Question 20

Describe water movement

Answer 20

It moves toward area of higher solute concentration

Question 21

What is the concentration of plasma proteins within capillary?

Answer 21

7.3 g/dL

Question 22

The interstitial concentration of proteins is ____g/dL

Answer 22

2

Question 23

T/F proteins within capillary walls are impermeable to plasma proteins

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Capillary pressure, plasma colloid osmotic pressure, Interstitial fluid pressures, interstitial colloid osmotic pressure regulate what ?

Answer 24

fluid filtration

Question 25

What causes osmotic pressure?

Answer 25

Plasma Proteins

Question 26

What pressure prevents significant loss of fluid volume from blood into interstitial spaces?

Answer 26

Colloidal osmotic pressure

Question 27

If net filtration pressure is positive, what process will take place from capillary to interstitium?

Answer 27

Filtration

Question 28

If net filtration pressure is negative, what process will take place from capillary to interstitium?

Answer 28

Reabsorption

Question 29

What is the average capillary pressure?

Answer 29

17.3 mmHg

Question 30

What type of pressure is negative ?

Answer 30

Interstitial fluid pressure (-3 mmHg)

Question 31

What is the major determinant of plasma colloidal osmotic pressure (28 mmHg)?

Answer 31

plasma proteins - ALBUMIN

Question 32

How can you measure plasma colloidal osmotic pressure?

Answer 32

Freezing point depression

Question 33

T/F there are more proteins inside capillaries than outside

Answer 33

False - more outside

Question 34

What is the name of the equilibrium for capillary exchange?

Answer 34

Starling equilibrium

Question 35

What is the average capillary pressure at the arterial end of the capillary?

Answer 35

15-25 mmHg

Question 36

At which end does fluid get absorbed back into the capillaries?

Answer 36

Venous end

Question 37

Describe the difference of the venous end vs the arterial end of the capillary

Answer 37

Arterial end: fluid filters out due to net outward force Venous end: fluid moves inward due to the - net force

Question 38

Net hydrostatic pressure will favor:

Answer 38

filtration

Question 39

Net osmotic pressure will favor:

Answer 39

reabsorption

Question 40

The normal pressure created by proteins in plasma is ______ mmHg

Answer 40

28

Question 41

The pressure in interstitial fluid is ____ mmHg

Answer 41

8

Question 42

Where is the osmotic effect greater, in the capillary fluid or in the interstitial fluid?

Answer 42

Capillary fluid

Question 43

Describe reabsorption (from where to where does it happen?)

Answer 43

From interstitium to capillary

Question 44

What causes water to move by bulk flow?

Answer 44

Hydrostatic pressure difference

Question 45

What is favored with net hydrostatic pressure, filtration or resorption?

Answer 45

filtration

Question 46

T/F Lung capillaries are less permeable to plasma proteins

Answer 46

False

Question 47

How much liters per day are in the lymph?

Answer 47

2-3 L

Question 48

Where is lymph derived from?

Answer 48

Interstitial fluid

Question 49

Lymph formation in which location can be of higher protein concentration?

Answer 49

Liver

Question 50

Lymph flows faster in the thoracic duct or in other channels?

Answer 50

Thoracic duct

Question 51

What is promoted with increased interstitial fluid?

Answer 51

Lymph flow

Question 52

The excessive filtration of fluid or depressed lymphatic function can lead to what?

Answer 52

Edema