"Microbiology/Immunology Introduction to Immunology" MARY Flashcards
What is the time frame associated with the innate immune response?
Minutes to hours
What is the function of B-lymphocytes?
They produce antibodies specific to a pathogen.
T-cells and B-cells stimulate ____ to kill better and can be directly cytotoxic to virally infected cells and tumor cells.
phagocytes
What is the time frame associated with the adaptive immune system?
Days to weeks
What is opsonization?
One of the capabilities of effector cells is the ability to phagocytose foreign particles ie bacteria. When specific antibody is present, a high affinity bridge is formed enhancing phagocytosis. This is called opsonization.
What is the complement system, in general?
The complement system is: a group of serum proteins can either recognize certain types of microorganisms or can recognize bound antibody can cause lysis of target cell etc.
What does CD3 mean?
The CD3 (cluster of differentiation 3) T-cell co-receptor is a protein complex of mature T-cells
What does CD4 mean?
CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) is a glycoprotein found on the surface of immune cells such as T helper cells.
What does CD8 mean?
CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) is a transmembrane glycoprotein predominantly found on cytotoxic T cells.
What is the most abundant leukocyte?
Neutrophils (aka PMNLs), 60-70% of circulating WBC
What is the lifespan of a neutrophil?
12 hours
Monocytes are derived in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood. When these cells enter tissue they are called:
Macrophages
T/F: Macrophages are capable of both intracellular and extracellular killing.
True, but it is not known if extracellular killing really happens in vivo.
What immunologic items enhance the killing process of macrophages?
Antibody, complement
What do B cells express on their surface?
Immunoglobulin (antibody)
