"Gross Anatomy Nose Amanda C. Conta Steencken" MARY

Question 1

What bones make up the bridge of the nose?

Answer 1

Nasal bones
frontal process of the maxillae bones
the nasal part of the frontal bone

Question 2

Opthalmic artery is a branch of:

Answer 2

internal carotid artery

Question 3

Maxillary artery is a branch of:

Answer 3

external carotid artery

Question 4

Facial artery is a branch of:

Answer 4

external carotid artery

Question 5

What is the blood supply to the outer nose?

Answer 5

1. Maxillary artery
2. Opthalmic artery
3. Facial artery

Question 6

V1 innervates what part of the nose?

Answer 6

Superior aspect of the nose, to the tip, by way of these branches of V1:
infratrochlear branch (from nasociliary)
supratrochlear branch
external nasal branch of anterior ethmoid nerve

Question 7

V2 innervates what part of the nose?

Answer 7

Inferior and lateral aspects of the nose, nares (nostrils), up to eyelids, via infraorbital nerve

Question 8

The roof of the nasal cavity is bordered largely by what bone?

Answer 8

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 9

What is another term of the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 9

The septum

Question 10

The conchae, or turbinates make up what section of the nose? How many are there?

Answer 10

Lateral wall
3 conchae - superior, middle and inferior
The superior and middle conchae are features of the ethmoid bone.

Question 11

What is the function of the conchae?

Answer 11

To warm, humidify and filter incoming air.

Question 12

What ostium feeds the inferior meatus and is the drainage site for tears from the conjunctival sac?

Answer 12

The nasolacrimal duct

Question 13

The semilunar hiatus is an opening connecting what two structures?

Answer 13

Middle turbinate and maxillary sinus.

Note that the frontonasal duct and the middle ethmoidal cells are also openings to the middle meatus.

Question 14

The posterior ethmoidal cells open onto the:

Answer 14

superior meatus

Question 15

What is the only paranasal sinus that does not drain onto the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

The sphenoid sinus, which opens onto the poasterior roof of the nasal cavity via the sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 16

What is the blood supply to the nasal cavity?

Answer 16

1. The sphenopalatine artery, aka the nasopalatine artery - to lateral nasal wall
2. The greater palatine artery (comes up through the hard palate to feed anterior portion of nasal septum)
3. Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries (from opthalmic artery) - to superior portion of nose
4. Superior labial artery (from facial artery) - to vestibule
5. Branches from all of the above feed Kisselbach’s area.

Question 17

What is the terminal branch of the maxillary artery called?

Answer 17

The sphenopalatine artery, aka the nasopalatine artery

Question 18

Branches from both internal and external carotid arteries converge in a plexus called?

Answer 18

Kisselbach’s area or plexus

Question 19

Olfaction is mediated by what cranial nerve?

Answer 19

CN 1

Question 20

Postganglionic PS fibers from the ____ provide the secretomotor supply to the nasal mucosa and are distributed with branches of V2.

Answer 20

pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 21

Give the nerve of origin and function: Maxillary nerve

Answer 21

V2, entirely sensory

Terminates as infraorbital nerve

Question 22

Give the nerve of origin and function: Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Answer 22

Nasociliary - V1, sensory

Supplies superior aspect of lateral nasal cavity, some of nasal septum

Question 23

Give the nerve of origin and function: Posterior superior lateral nasal nerves

Answer 23

V2, branches of greater palatine nerve

Also supply lateral wall of nasal cavity

Question 24

Give the nerve of origin and function: Nasopalatine nerve

Answer 24

V2, runs length of nasal septum

Question 25

Nasopalatine and what other nerve innervate the nasal septum?

Answer 25

branches of anterior ethmoidal nerve (V1)

Question 26

V2 is associated with what major parasympathetic ganglion?

Answer 26

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 27

The pterygoing nerve is also known as the _____. What is its function?

Answer 27

Vidian nerve
This nerve is the joining of the pregang PS fibers of the greater petrosal nerve (CN VII) and deep petrosal nerve (postgang PS).
Travels to the pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 28

Secretomotor to mucuos cells and glands - V???

Secretomotor to lacrimal gland - V???

Answer 28

Secretomotor to mucuos cells and glands - V2

Secretomotor to lacrimal gland - V1

Question 29

The paranasal sinuses include what structures?

Answer 29

Frontal sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Maxillary sinus

Question 30

Describe the drainage of the sphenoid sinus.

Answer 30

It drains into the superior meatus via the sphenoethmoidal recess.

Question 31

Describe the drainage of the frontal sinus.

Answer 31

It drains into the anterior portion of the middle meatus via the frontonasal duct.

Question 32

How are the ethmoid sinuses different from the other paranasal sinuses?

Answer 32

They are 10-20 small, interconnected compartments that make up something of a labyrinth. The anterior group drains into the frontonasal duct, the middle group drains into the middle meatus and the posterior group drains into the superior meatus.

Question 33

Describe the drainage of the maxillary sinus.

Answer 33

It drains into the middle meatus through the hiatus semilunaris.

Question 34

Hos can CSF leak into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea)?

Answer 34

If the nose is broken, and the meninges are torn in this process.

Question 35

Where is the most common place in the nose for a child or psych patient to shove a foreign body?

Answer 35

Anterior to the middle turbinate, or

below the inferior turbinate

Question 36

What is a rhinolith?

Answer 36

If a NFB, nasal foreign body, gets lodged high up in the nose and not removed, it will calcify/”magnesify” etc. Rhinoliths can cause sinusitis, acute otitis media, epistaxis (nose bleed) etc etc.

Question 37

Where do the great majority of epistaxes come from?

Answer 37

Kiesselbach’s plexus. These bleeds are self-limiting and benign, in general. It’s the posterior bleeds that are more dangerous (involve the sphenopalatine artery etc.)

Question 38

Inflammation of the maxillary sinus may cause referred pain. How does this discomfort often present?

Answer 38

Toothache

Question 39

What debilitating pain is thought to be associated with aging, and he normal aging of blood vessels?

Answer 39

Trigeminal neuralgia, causes compression of CN V by an enlarged blood vessel or tumor.