"Microbiology/Immunology Antibody Structure & Function" SANA Flashcards

1
Q

Which immunoglobin class is the heaviest?

A

IgM

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2
Q

Which Immunoglobin is primarily responsible for the neutralization and protection against foreign bodies?

A

IgG

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3
Q

IgM is often found as a ______ (organization)

A

Pentamer

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4
Q

True or false? The light chains and heavy chains are identical to each other

A

False, they are different but one light chain in an antibody is identical to another light chain in an antibody (same for heavy chains)

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5
Q

Where is IgA usually found?

A

In mucus membranes because it can transport across the epithelium

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6
Q

Which immunoglobin is usually responsible for allergic reactions?

A

IgE

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7
Q

IgE is responsible for the sensitization of ______

A

Mast cells

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8
Q

Which antibodies does the fetus get directly from its mother?

A

IgG because they can transport across the placenta

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9
Q

Which antibodies can diffuse into extravascular sites?

A

IgG

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10
Q

Which immunoglobin class is the most stable? What is its half life in serum?

A

IgG; about 3 weeks

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11
Q

True or false? IgG can directly kill a bacteria without a complement system.

A

False: IgG does not directly kill bacteria alone, it binds to it and, in the presence of a complement system, can kill it.

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12
Q

How do natural killer cells use antibodies to target a cell?

A

Using antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity where antibodies direct the NK cell to the target

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13
Q

IgG can cause the clumping of bacteria. What is this called?

A

Agglutination

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14
Q

Why can’t IgM aid in opsonization without the help of a complement system?

A

Because immune cells don’t have IgM receptors

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15
Q

Which immunoglobin is crucial in EARLY immune response?

A

IgM, its found as antigen receptors on naive B-lymphocytes.

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16
Q

What is holding the IgM pentamer together?

A

The J chain

17
Q

IgA is found mostly as ____

A

Dimers

18
Q

What is a secretory piece?

A

A protein that wraps around the IgA molecule as it passes through the epithelial cell and keeps it from being hydrolyzed.

19
Q

In what secretions is the IgA usually found?

A

Mother’s milk, saliva, gut secretions

20
Q

Where is the variable region found once the antibody has been cleaved? In the Fab region or the Fc region?

A

The Fab region

21
Q

Why does the Fc region crystallize and not the Fab region?

A

The Fc region does not have a variable region and the structures can thus form crystals as they are constant to each other.

22
Q

On which portion of the variable region of the antibody do the antigen bind?

A

The hypervariable region, which provides specific complementarity to the specific antigen.