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Microbiology > Microbiology Final Exam > Flashcards

Microbiology Final Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Originally smallest form of plant life (incorrect no chlorophyll or photosynthesis)

A

FUNGUS OR FUNGI INFECTIONS:

Characteristics:

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2
Q

Feature of fungus; ability to exist in more than one form.

Common names for fungus:
	YEAST – unicellular (one cell) 
	MOLD – multicellular (multi cell) 
	FILLAMENTIS - appearance 
	REPRODUCES – by spore formation
A

Dimorphism

FUNGUS Characteristics

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2
Q

study of fungi

A

Mycology

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3
Q

FUNGUS OR FUNGI INFECTIONS:

A

DERMATOMYCOSIS

SYSTEMIC FUNGAL INFECTIONS

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4
Q

super infection (entire body)

A

SYSTEMIC FUNGAL INFECTIONS

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5
Q

superficial fungal infections seen on skin

A

DERMATOMYCOSIS

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7
Q

DERMATOMYCOSIS

A

MICROSPORUM sp
TRICHOPHYTON sp
EPIDERMOPHYTON sp

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8
Q

(Tinea) ringworm, jock itch, athlete’s foot

A

MICROSPORUM sp

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9
Q

(Tinea) ringworm, jock itch, athlete’s foot

A

TRICHOPHYTON sp

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9
Q

(Tinea) ringworm, jock itch, athlete’s foot

A

EPIDERMOPHYTON sp

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10
Q

SYSTEMIC FUNGAL INFECTIONS

A 
COCCIDIOIDES IMMITIS 
HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM 
CANDIDA ALBICANS
CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS 
PNEUMOCEPTIS CARINII
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11
Q

coccidioidomyeosis

A

COCCIDIOIDES IMMITIS

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12
Q

histoplasmosis (respiratory fungal infection)

A

HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM

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13
Q

cryptococcosis (catch from pigeon droppings)

A

CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS

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14
Q

PneumoCystis Pneumonia (PCP), enclosed sac like cysts in lungs

A

PNEUMOCEPTIS CARINII

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15
Q

smallest form of animal life

A

PROTOZOA INFECTIONS

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16
Q

study of protozoa

A

Protista

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17
Q

PROTOZOA INFECTIONS

A

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
PLASMODIUM MALARIAE
TOXOPLASMA GONDII
GIARDIA LAMBLIA

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18
Q

amoebiasis (amebic dysentery)

A

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA

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19
Q

malaria
 Zoonotic infection (monkeys)
 Humans transmit by female Anapheles mosquito
 Causes red blood cell destruction

A

PLASMODIUM MALARIAE

20
Q

giardiasis (traveler’s diarrhea)

A

GIARDIA LAMBLIA

21
Q

Toxoplasmosis
 Residual or permanent paralysis of central nervous system
 Sometimes misdiagnosed as polio
 Domestic cats are hosts

A

TOXOPLASMA GONDII

22
Q

VIRUSES – VIRAL INFECTIONS:

Important Viral Diseases by Anatomical Site

A

DERMATROPIC – skin rash
PNEUMOTROPIC – upper respiratory tract (ENT doctor)
NEUROTROPIC (CNS)
VISCEROTROPIC – target organs (the enlargement of
IMMUNOLOGICAL - attack HTLV

23
Q

DERMATROPIC – skin rash

A 
MEASLES (RUBEOLA)
GERMAN MEASLES (RUBELLA) 
SMALLPOX (VARIOLA)
CHICKENPOX (VARICELLA)
SHINGLES (VARICELLA ZOSTER)
HERPES SIMPLEX I
HERPES SIMPLEX II
HPV (Human Papilioma Virus)
24
Q

 10 day Regular measles

 Koplik spots – lesions inside the check

A

MEASLES (RUBEOLA)

25
Q

 3 day measles
 Not as sever for adults
 Can be spread placentally, leading to birth defects
 Taratogen, organism, has affinity for developing fetal tissue

A

GERMAN MEASLES (RUBELLA)

26
Q

 Most infectious
 Highest mortality rate
 Only historically significant (eradicated)

A

SMALLPOX (VARIOLA)

27
Q

 80% of occurrences
 1st infection can leave scars
 Typically build immunity

A

CHICKENPOX (VARICELLA)

28
Q

 20% of occurrences
 2nd infection
 In person who did not develop complete immunity from chickenpox
 Painful infection
 Follows the nerve endings
 Usually on back glutual or torso region

A

SHINGLES (VARICELLA ZOSTER)

29
Q

 skin lesions
 Above the waist
 Cold sores, fever blisters

A

HERPES SIMPLEX I

30
Q

 skin lesion
 Below the waist
 STD
 Uterine cancer

A

HERPES SIMPLEX II

31
Q

PNEUMOTROPIC – upper respiratory tract (ENT doctor)

A

INFLUENZA
COMMON COLD (Acute coryza)
HANTAVIRUS (HPS)

32
Q

 genital warts
 dysplasia of reproductive system
 benign tumor (pollock)
 Famous TX Govt immunization prevention

A

HPV (Human Papilioma Virus)

33
Q

 flu, one of the few pandemic diseases
 Most famous 1918-1919, 20 million deaths
 Three basic strains: A, B, C

A

INFLUENZA

34
Q

 Rhinovirus
 Most common occurring ailment in man
 About 150 different strains

A

COMMON COLD (Acute coryza)

35
Q

causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

mystery disease at 4-Corner Region of Midwest

A

HANTAVIRUS (HPS)

36
Q

NEUROTROPIC (CNS)

A

POLIOMELITIS (POLIO)
ENCEPHALITIS
RABIES (HYDROPHOBIA)
CREUTZFELDT JACOB (CJ)

37
Q

 Infantile paralysis inflammation of gray matter of the spinal cord
 No cross immunity

A

POLIOMELITIS (POLIO)

38
Q 
	Once diagnosed 100% mortality rate 
	Two forms of disease
1.	Furious – “old yeller” or ”cujo”
2.	Dumb – no external signs 
	Once diagnosed, an animal will die before you do (10 days) 
	Positive diagnosis is (Negri bodies) lesions seen in brain tissue within 4 hours of death 
	Portal of entry: skin by bite 
	Portal of Exit: saliva
A

RABIES (HYDROPHOBIA)

39
Q

 Caused by prion
 Sever, daily dementia
 EXTREMLY CONTAGIOUS

A

CREUTZFELDT JACOB (CJ)

40
Q

VISCEROTROPIC – target organs (the enlargement of)

A

HEPATITIS
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS (MONO)
EPIDEMIC PAROTITIS
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CID)

41
Q 
	Caused by prion (protein particle)
	Attacks in midlife
	Once diagnosed dead within a year
	Severe daily dementia 
	EXTREMLY CONTAGIOUS
A

CREUTZFELDT JACOB (CJ)

43
Q

 liver enlargement (occupational disease)
3 types:
oTYPE A – infectious hepatitis; least long-term damage
oTYPE B – serum hepatitis; transmitted by blood; caused by Daine Particle; more damage than A
oTYPE C – non A, and non B hepatitis, post transfusion form

A

HEPATITIS

43
Q

 spleen enlargement
 Transplant Recipients
 Often mistaken for mono
 Commonly called the salivary gland virus

A

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CID)

44
Q

 spleen enlargement
 Caused by Epstein Barr Virus
 Kissing disease
 Virus also linked to rare form of cancer called Burkitts lymphoma in African women

A

INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS (MONO)

45
Q

 parotid salivary glands
 Mumps
 Severe case could lead to sterility

A

EPIDEMIC PAROTITIS

46
Q

IMMUNOLOGICAL

A

Attack HTLV (immune system-produce antibodies)
HIV I & HIV II cause same infection AIDS
AIDS Similar to Syphilis: STD & Staged
Discovered in France
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency)

47
Q

IMMUNOLOGICAL AIDS Stages

A
  1. HIV+ (Check blood for HIV I or II)
  2. ARC (AIDS Related Complex)
  3. Kaposi Sarcoma (full blown) - purple lesions

Microbiology (7 decks)

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