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Microbiology > Microbiology Exam 4 > Flashcards

Microbiology Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

ROUND – PUS FORMERS

PYOGENIC (pus G+) COCCI (round)

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
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2
Q
  1. Skin abscessed – localized well defined collection of pus (acne, zits, impetigo, boils, carbuncle, furuncles)
  2. Food intoxication – ptomaine most common food poisoning, milk cheese
  3. Secondary infections – 2nd infection of dual, usually more sever; generally more complicated & potential more letal mixed infection
  4. Nasocomial (“Staph”) infections – acquired while in hospital
  5. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Pus is golden or yellow in color
PATHOGENICITY

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3
Q
  1. Septic sore throat (strept throat)
  2. Scarlett Fever – also called strawberry tongue
  3. Rheumatic Fever – Aschoff bodies (scar tissue formed heart valves from recovered patients)
  4. Puerperal sepsis – (child bed fever) infection of mother in first 7 wks/puerperal after childbirth
  5. Glomerulonephritis - inflammation of little tuft of capillaries within structural & functional unit of kidney/nephron
  6. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

PATHOGENICITY

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4
Q
  1. Lobar pneumonia – in one area or lobe of lung (95% of time pneumonia is caused by this MO)
  2. Meningitis – inflammation of 3 layer membrane surrounding the brain and spine
  3. Otitis media – middle ear infection (2 & 3 most often seen in children)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

PATHOGENICITY

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5
Q
  1. Gonorrhera – most common STD/VD reported

2. Opthalmia neonatorum – disease of newborn eyes (first 30 days of life) treated with 1% silver nitrate

A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
PATHOGENICITY
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6
Q
  1. Meningitis (epidemic) – attacks central nervous system

2. Meningococcomia – fulminating (sudden & sever) blood poisoning, often in patients that had meningitis

A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

PATHOGENICITY

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7
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Grows in clusters
  3. Produces golden pigment in labs
  4. Opportunists in normal flora (living on skin)
  5. Abscess – localized well defined pus, typical lesion - the color of the pus is a yellow color
  6. Graham positive/would appear blue
  7. Exotoxin – poisonous substance produced and released all the time and continuously to the outside of certain bacteria
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Characteristics

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8
Q
  1. Round shaped
  2. grows in chains (usually more than 2)
  3. Produces pus, as shown by species name; Green pus
  4. Cellulites – typical lesion; diffuse or wide spread inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue (appear as red streak/line just below skin)
  5. Strict (Obligate) Pathogen* – not in normal flora. If you come in contact, you will be infected.
  6. Graham positive
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics

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9
Q
  1. Round shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
  3. Commonly called “PNEUMOCCUS” - green pus
  4. Graham positive
  5. Capsule – always forms capsule or slime layer
  6. Normal flora – usually seasonal winter & spring
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

Characteristics

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10
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Coffee bean shape
  3. “GONOCOCCUS” – round shaped that causes gonorrhea
  4. Pilli – little hair like projections to aid bacteria in attachment in initial site of infection/urethra
  5. No immunity gained – male usually seek treatment first
  6. Graham negative/red color
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics
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11
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
  3. “MENINGOCOCCUS”
  4. Graham negative
  5. No immunity gained
  6. especially favors nasopharynx
  7. Endotoxins – poisonous toxins released when cell producing them is destroyed (only one with this)
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics

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11
Q
  • Strict pathogen – not normally on body but if you come in contact you WILL get sick
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

*Extra Note

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12
Q
  • only MO that releases Endotoxins
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

*Extra Note

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13
Q

ENTERIC BACILLI - ROD SHAPED

Causes infection of small or large intestinal tract

A 
SOLMONELLA TYPHI
SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS
SHIGELLA “SP”
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PROTEUS “SP”
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
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15
Q
  1. Typhoid Fever

2. Rod shaped

A

SALMONELLA TYPHI

PATHOGENICITY

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15
Q
  1. Bacillary dysentery
A

SHIGELLA “SP”

PATHOGENICITY

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16
Q
  1. Salmonellosis – food infection; grows in food infected (hogs, horses, fowl, turtles, oysters)
  2. Rod Shaped
  3. Graham negative
  4. Never part of normal flora
A

SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS

PATHOGENICITY

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17
Q
  1. Lobar pneumonia – only causes 10% but more severe form of lobar pneumonia
  2. Urinary Tract Infection
  3. Rod Shaped
  4. Graham negative
A

KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PATHOGENICITY
1

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19
Q
  1. Secondary infection in burns
  2. Most motile of the Gram negative
  3. long whip like flagella on all sides
  4. Most Motile of bacilli
A

PROTEUS “SP”

PATHOGENICITY

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20
Q
  1. Asiatic Cholera - Asian origin epidemic
  2. Enterotoxin - Ability to produce poisonous substance it constantly releases inside intestines
  3. Comma or slightly curved Rod Shaped
  4. Graham negative
A 
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
PATHOGENICITY
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20
Q

Coliform bacteria; causes green discoloration associated with decomposition, enteritis (inflammation in )

A

E. (ESCHERICHIA) COLI

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21
Q

Coliform bacteria; causes green discoloration associated with decomposition, enteritis (inflammation of small intestines )

A

E. (ESCHERICHIA) COLI

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22
Q
  1. Tetanus (lockjaw) continuous muscle contraction
    DPT
    Toxoid
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

PATHOGENICITY

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23
Q
  1. Tetanus (lockjaw) continuous muscle contraction
    DPT
    Toxoid
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

PATHOGENICITY

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25
Q
  1. Tissue Gas (postmortem) – dead person
  2. Gangrene (antemortim) – living person
  3. Food intoxication
A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
PATHOGENICITY
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26
Q
  1. Produces endospores – grows at one end (pinhead)
  2. Exotoxin – neurotoxin* with affinity for muscles of mastication
  3. Continuous muscle spasms Infection
  4. Certain amount of Necrotic tissue must be present
  5. NOT Communicable but infectious – no person to person transmission
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS

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26
Q

Gram Negative Bacteria

A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS
SHIGELLA “SP”
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PROTEUS “SP”
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
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27
Q
  1. Form Endospores
  2. Exotoxin – enterotoxin in food intoxication (similar to cholera)
  3. Release enzymes which eat fibrous protein, thus facilitating rate of spread of infection-fast spreading
  4. Skin slip & crepitation (crackly, spongy, feels like bubble wrap) – separation of layers of skin from gas forming between layers from glucose fermentation
  5. Ferments glucose – thus forming gas
  6. Normal Flora of intestinal tract (benefit during life in digestive tract)
A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
CHARACTERISTICS
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29
Q

Gram Positive Bacteria

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

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30
Q

Pus Former Bacteria

A

PYOGENICCOCCI
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

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30
Q

Anaerobic lung abscesses; multiple infections; name tell you can’t form endospores by genus name

A

Bacteroides sp. (vegetative)

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31
Q

Nosocomial infection
MODE OF TRANSPORTATION
Fecal Oral route

A

Clostridium difficile

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32
Q

Diplococcus Grows in Pairs Bacteria

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

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33
Q

Cause Meningitidis

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

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34
Q

Cause Toxic Shock Syndrome

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

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35
Q

in Normal Flora

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

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36
Q

Portal of Entry/Exit-Respiratory tract & Sputum

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

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37
Q

Has Capsule

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

38
Q
  1. Skin abscessed – localized well defined collection of pus (acne, zits, impetigo, boils, carbuncle, furuncles)
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

1

39
Q
  1. Food intoxication – ptomaine most common food poisoning, milk cheese
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2

40
Q
  1. Secondary infections – 2nd infection of dual, usually more sever; generally more complicated & potential more letal mixed infection
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

3

41
Q
  1. Nasocomial (“Staph”) infections – acquired while in hospital
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

4

42
Q
  1. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

5

43
Q
  1. Septic sore throat (strept throat)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

1

44
Q
  1. Scarlett Fever – also called strawberry tongue
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

2

45
Q
  1. Rheumatic Fever – Aschoff bodies (scar tissue)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

3

46
Q
  1. Puerperal sepsis – child bed fever, infection of mother in first 7 wks/puerperal after childbirth
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

4

47
Q
  1. Glomerulonephritis - inflammation of little tuft of capillaries within structural & functional unit of kidney/nephron
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

5

48
Q
  1. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

6

49
Q
  1. Lobar pneumonia – in one area or lobe of lung (95% of time pneumonia is caused by this MO)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

1

50
Q
  1. Meningitis – inflammation of 3 layer membrane surrounding the brain and spine
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

2

51
Q
  1. Otitis media – middle ear infection (2 & 3 most often seen in children)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

3

52
Q
  1. Gonorrhera – most common STD/VD reported
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
1
53
Q
  1. Opthalmia neonatorum – disease of newborn eyes (first 30 days of life) treated with 1% silver nitrate
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
2
54
Q
  1. Meningitis (epidemic) – attacks central nervous system
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

1

55
Q
  1. Meningococcomia – fulminating (sudden & sever) blood poisoning, often in patients that had meningitis
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

2

56
Q
  1. Urinary Tract Infection
A

KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PATHOGENICITY
2

57
Q
  1. Secondary infection in burns
A

PROTEUS “SP”
PATHOGENICITY
1

59
Q
  1. Most motile of the Gram negative; enteric bacilli
A

PROTEUS “SP”
PATHOGENICITY
2

60
Q
  1. long whip like flagella on all sides
A

PROTEUS “SP”
PATHOGENICITY
3

61
Q
  1. Asiatic Cholera - Asian origin epidemic
A

VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
PATHOGENICITY
1

62
Q
  1. Enterotoxin - Ability to produce poisonous substance it constantly releases inside intestines; cause water loss
A

VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
PATHOGENICITY
2

63
Q
  1. Comma or slightly curved Rod Shaped
A

VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
PATHOGENICITY
3

64
Q
  1. Tissue Gas (postmortem) – dead person
A

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
PATHOGENICITY
1

65
Q
  1. Gangrene (antemortim) – living person
A

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
PATHOGENICITY
2

66
Q
  1. Food intoxication
A

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
PATHOGENICITY
3

67
Q
  1. Round Shaped

2. Grows in clusters

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Characteristics 12

68
Q
  1. Produces golden pigment in labs

4. Opportunists in normal flora (living on skin)

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Characteristics 34

69
Q
  1. Abscess – localized well defined pus, typical lesion - the color of the pus is a yellow color
  2. Graham positive/would appear blue
  3. Exotoxin – poisonous substance produced and released all the time and continuously to the outside of certain bacteria
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Characteristics 5-7

70
Q
  1. Round shaped
  2. grows in chains (usually more than 2)
    Graham positive
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics 12

71
Q
  1. Produces pus, as shown by species name; Green pus
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics 3

72
Q
  1. Cellulites – typical lesion; diffuse or wide spread inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue (appear as red streak/line just below skin)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics 4

73
Q
  1. Strict (Obligate) Pathogen* – not in normal flora. If you come in contact, you will be infected.
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics 5

74
Q
  1. Round shaped

2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

Characteristics 12

75
Q
  1. Commonly called “PNEUMOCCUS” - green pus

4. Graham positive

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

Characteristics 34

76
Q
  1. Capsule – always forms capsule or slime layer

6. Normal flora – usually seasonal winter & spring

A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

Characteristics 56

77
Q
  1. Round Shaped

2. Dioplococcus - Coffee bean shape

A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics 12
78
Q
  1. “GONOCOCCUS” – round shaped that causes gonorrhea
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics 3
79
Q
  1. Pilli – little hair like projections to aid bacteria in attachment in initial site of infection/urethra
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics 4
80
Q
  1. No immunity gained – male usually seek treatment first

6. Graham negative/red color

A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics 56
81
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
  3. Graham negative
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics 14

82
Q
  1. “MENINGOCOCCUS”
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics 3

83
Q
  1. No immunity gained
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics 5

84
Q
  1. especially favors nasopharynx
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics 6

85
Q
  1. Endotoxins – poisonous toxins released when cell producing them is destroyed (only one with this)
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics 7

86
Q
  1. Produces endospores – grows at one end (pinhead)
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS 1

87
Q
  1. Exotoxin – neurotoxin* with affinity for muscles of mastication
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS 2

88
Q
  1. Continuous muscle spasms Infection
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS 3

89
Q
  1. Certain amount of Necrotic tissue must be present
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS 4

90
Q
  1. NOT Communicable but infectious – no person to person transmission
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

CHARACTERISTICS 5

91
Q
  1. Form Endospores

2. Exotoxin – enterotoxin in food intoxication (similar to cholera)

A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
CHARACTERISTICS 12
92
Q
  1. Release enzymes which eat fibrous protein, thus facilitating rate of spread of infection-fast spreading
A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
CHARACTERISTICS 3
93
Q
  1. Skin slip & crepitation (crackly, spongy, feels like bubble wrap) – separation of layers of skin from gas forming between layers from glucose fermentation
A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
CHARACTERISTICS 4
94
Q
  1. Ferments glucose – thus forming gas

6. Normal Flora of intestinal tract (benefit during life in digestive tract)

A 
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII)
CHARACTERISTICS 56

Microbiology (7 decks)

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