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Microbiology Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

ROUND – PUS FORMERS

PYOGENIC (pus G+) COCCI (round)

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
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2
Q
  1. Skin abscessed – localized well defined collection of pus (acne, zits, impetigo, boils, carbuncle, furuncles)
  2. Food intoxication – ptomaine most common food poisoning, milk cheese
  3. Secondary infections – 2nd infection of dual, usually more sever; generally more complicated & potential more letal mixed infection
  4. Nasocomial (“Staph”) infections – acquired while in hospital
  5. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Pus is golden or yellow in color
PATHOGENICITY

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3
Q
  1. Septic sore throat (strept throat)
  2. Scarlett Fever – also called strawberry tongue
  3. Rheumatic Fever – Aschoff bodies (scar tissue formed heart valves from recovered patients)
  4. Puerperal sepsis – (child bed fever) infection of mother in first 7 wks/puerperal after childbirth
  5. Glomerulonephritis - inflammation of little tuft of capillaries within structural & functional unit of kidney/nephron
  6. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

PATHOGENICITY

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4
Q
  1. Lobar pneumonia – in one area or lobe of lung (95% of time pneumonia is caused by this MO)
  2. Meningitis – inflammation of 3 layer membrane surrounding the brain and spine
  3. Otitis media – middle ear infection (2 & 3 most often seen in children)
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

PATHOGENICITY

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5
Q
  1. Gonorrhera – most common STD/VD reported

2. Opthalmia neonatorum – disease of newborn eyes (first 30 days of life) treated with 1% silver nitrate

A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
PATHOGENICITY
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6
Q
  1. Meningitis (epidemic) – attacks central nervous system

2. Meningococcomia – fulminating (sudden & sever) blood poisoning, often in patients that had meningitis

A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

PATHOGENICITY

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7
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Grows in clusters
  3. Produces golden pigment in labs
  4. Opportunists in normal flora (living on skin)
  5. Abscess – localized well defined pus, typical lesion - the color of the pus is a yellow color
  6. Graham positive/would appear blue
  7. Exotoxin – poisonous substance produced and released all the time and continuously to the outside of certain bacteria
A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Characteristics

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8
Q
  1. Round shaped
  2. grows in chains (usually more than 2)
  3. Produces pus, as shown by species name; Green pus
  4. Cellulites – typical lesion; diffuse or wide spread inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue (appear as red streak/line just below skin)
  5. Strict (Obligate) Pathogen* – not in normal flora. If you come in contact, you will be infected.
  6. Graham positive
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

Characteristics

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9
Q
  1. Round shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
  3. Commonly called “PNEUMOCCUS” - green pus
  4. Graham positive
  5. Capsule – always forms capsule or slime layer
  6. Normal flora – usually seasonal winter & spring
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL

Characteristics

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10
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Coffee bean shape
  3. “GONOCOCCUS” – round shaped that causes gonorrhea
  4. Pilli – little hair like projections to aid bacteria in attachment in initial site of infection/urethra
  5. No immunity gained – male usually seek treatment first
  6. Graham negative/red color
A 
NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd)
Characteristics
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11
Q
  1. Round Shaped
  2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
  3. “MENINGOCOCCUS”
  4. Graham negative
  5. No immunity gained
  6. especially favors nasopharynx
  7. Endotoxins – poisonous toxins released when cell producing them is destroyed (only one with this)
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

Characteristics

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11
Q
  • Strict pathogen – not normally on body but if you come in contact you WILL get sick
A

STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

*Extra Note

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12
Q
  • only MO that releases Endotoxins
A

NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS

*Extra Note

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13
Q

ENTERIC BACILLI - ROD SHAPED

Causes infection of small or large intestinal tract

A 
SOLMONELLA TYPHI
SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS
SHIGELLA “SP”
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PROTEUS “SP”
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
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15
Q
  1. Typhoid Fever

2. Rod shaped

A

SALMONELLA TYPHI

PATHOGENICITY

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15
Q
  1. Bacillary dysentery
A

SHIGELLA “SP”

PATHOGENICITY

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16
Q
  1. Salmonellosis – food infection; grows in food infected (hogs, horses, fowl, turtles, oysters)
  2. Rod Shaped
  3. Graham negative
  4. Never part of normal flora
A

SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS

PATHOGENICITY

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17
Q
  1. Lobar pneumonia – only causes 10% but more severe form of lobar pneumonia
  2. Urinary Tract Infection
  3. Rod Shaped
  4. Graham negative
A

KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL
PATHOGENICITY
1

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19
Q
  1. Secondary infection in burns
  2. Most motile of the Gram negative
  3. long whip like flagella on all sides
  4. Most Motile of bacilli
A

PROTEUS “SP”

PATHOGENICITY

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20
Q
  1. Asiatic Cholera - Asian origin epidemic
  2. Enterotoxin - Ability to produce poisonous substance it constantly releases inside intestines
  3. Comma or slightly curved Rod Shaped
  4. Graham negative
A 
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA)
PATHOGENICITY
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20
Q

Coliform bacteria; causes green discoloration associated with decomposition, enteritis (inflammation in )

A

E. (ESCHERICHIA) COLI

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21
Q

Coliform bacteria; causes green discoloration associated with decomposition, enteritis (inflammation of small intestines )

A

E. (ESCHERICHIA) COLI

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22
Q
  1. Tetanus (lockjaw) continuous muscle contraction
    DPT
    Toxoid
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

PATHOGENICITY

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23
Q
  1. Tetanus (lockjaw) continuous muscle contraction
    DPT
    Toxoid
A

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

PATHOGENICITY

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25
1. Tissue Gas (postmortem) – dead person 2. Gangrene (antemortim) – living person 3. Food intoxication
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) PATHOGENICITY ```
26
1. Produces endospores – grows at one end (pinhead) 2. Exotoxin – neurotoxin* with affinity for muscles of mastication 3. Continuous muscle spasms Infection 4. Certain amount of Necrotic tissue must be present 5. NOT Communicable but infectious – no person to person transmission
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS
26
Gram Negative Bacteria
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS SALMONELLA ENTERIDITIS SHIGELLA “SP” KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL PROTEUS “SP” VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA) ```
27
1. Form Endospores 2. Exotoxin – enterotoxin in food intoxication (similar to cholera) 3. Release enzymes which eat fibrous protein, thus facilitating rate of spread of infection-fast spreading 4. Skin slip & crepitation (crackly, spongy, feels like bubble wrap) – separation of layers of skin from gas forming between layers from glucose fermentation 5. Ferments glucose – thus forming gas 6. Normal Flora of intestinal tract (benefit during life in digestive tract)
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) CHARACTERISTICS ```
29
Gram Positive Bacteria
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
30
Pus Former Bacteria
PYOGENICCOCCI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
30
Anaerobic lung abscesses; multiple infections; name tell you can't form endospores by genus name
Bacteroides sp. (vegetative)
31
Nosocomial infection MODE OF TRANSPORTATION Fecal Oral route
Clostridium difficile
32
Diplococcus Grows in Pairs Bacteria
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
33
Cause Meningitidis
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
34
Cause Toxic Shock Syndrome
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
35
in Normal Flora
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
36
Portal of Entry/Exit-Respiratory tract & Sputum
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS
37
Has Capsule
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL
38
1. Skin abscessed – localized well defined collection of pus (acne, zits, impetigo, boils, carbuncle, furuncles)
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | 1
39
2. Food intoxication – ptomaine most common food poisoning, milk cheese
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | 2
40
3. Secondary infections – 2nd infection of dual, usually more sever; generally more complicated & potential more letal mixed infection
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | 3
41
4. Nasocomial (“Staph”) infections – acquired while in hospital
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | 4
42
5. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | 5
43
1. Septic sore throat (strept throat)
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 1
44
2. Scarlett Fever – also called strawberry tongue
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 2
45
3. Rheumatic Fever – Aschoff bodies (scar tissue)
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 3
46
4. Puerperal sepsis – child bed fever, infection of mother in first 7 wks/puerperal after childbirth
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 4
47
5. Glomerulonephritis - inflammation of little tuft of capillaries within structural & functional unit of kidney/nephron
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 5
48
6. Toxic Shock Syndrome-most famous for tampon
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | 6
49
1. Lobar pneumonia – in one area or lobe of lung (95% of time pneumonia is caused by this MO)
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | 1
50
2. Meningitis – inflammation of 3 layer membrane surrounding the brain and spine
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | 2
51
3. Otitis media – middle ear infection (2 & 3 most often seen in children)
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | 3
52
1. Gonorrhera – most common STD/VD reported
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) 1 ```
53
2. Opthalmia neonatorum – disease of newborn eyes (first 30 days of life) treated with 1% silver nitrate
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) 2 ```
54
1. Meningitis (epidemic) – attacks central nervous system
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | 1
55
2. Meningococcomia – fulminating (sudden & sever) blood poisoning, often in patients that had meningitis
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | 2
56
2. Urinary Tract Infection
KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAL PATHOGENICITY 2
57
1. Secondary infection in burns
PROTEUS “SP” PATHOGENICITY 1
59
2. Most motile of the Gram negative; enteric bacilli
PROTEUS “SP” PATHOGENICITY 2
60
3. long whip like flagella on all sides
PROTEUS “SP” PATHOGENICITY 3
61
1. Asiatic Cholera - Asian origin epidemic
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA) PATHOGENICITY 1
62
2. Enterotoxin - Ability to produce poisonous substance it constantly releases inside intestines; cause water loss
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA) PATHOGENICITY 2
63
3. Comma or slightly curved Rod Shaped
VIBRIO CHOLERAE (COMMA) PATHOGENICITY 3
64
1. Tissue Gas (postmortem) – dead person
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) PATHOGENICITY 1
65
2. Gangrene (antemortim) – living person
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) PATHOGENICITY 2
66
3. Food intoxication
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) PATHOGENICITY 3
67
1. Round Shaped | 2. Grows in clusters
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | Characteristics 12
68
3. Produces golden pigment in labs | 4. Opportunists in normal flora (living on skin)
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | Characteristics 34
69
5. Abscess – localized well defined pus, typical lesion - the color of the pus is a yellow color 6. Graham positive/would appear blue 7. Exotoxin – poisonous substance produced and released all the time and continuously to the outside of certain bacteria
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS | Characteristics 5-7
70
1. Round shaped 2. grows in chains (usually more than 2) Graham positive
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | Characteristics 12
71
3. Produces pus, as shown by species name; Green pus
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | Characteristics 3
72
4. Cellulites – typical lesion; diffuse or wide spread inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue (appear as red streak/line just below skin)
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | Characteristics 4
73
5. Strict (Obligate) Pathogen* – not in normal flora. If you come in contact, you will be infected.
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES | Characteristics 5
74
1. Round shaped | 2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | Characteristics 12
75
3. Commonly called "PNEUMOCCUS" - green pus | 4. Graham positive
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | Characteristics 34
76
5. Capsule – always forms capsule or slime layer | 6. Normal flora – usually seasonal winter & spring
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAL | Characteristics 56
77
1. Round Shaped | 2. Dioplococcus - Coffee bean shape
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) Characteristics 12 ```
78
3. "GONOCOCCUS" – round shaped that causes gonorrhea
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) Characteristics 3 ```
79
4. Pilli – little hair like projections to aid bacteria in attachment in initial site of infection/urethra
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) Characteristics 4 ```
80
5. No immunity gained – male usually seek treatment first | 6. Graham negative/red color
``` NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE (vd) Characteristics 56 ```
81
1. Round Shaped 2. Dioplococcus - Grows in paired chains 4. Graham negative
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | Characteristics 14
82
3. "MENINGOCOCCUS"
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | Characteristics 3
83
5. No immunity gained
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | Characteristics 5
84
6. especially favors nasopharynx
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | Characteristics 6
85
7. Endotoxins – poisonous toxins released when cell producing them is destroyed (only one with this)
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS | Characteristics 7
86
1. Produces endospores – grows at one end (pinhead)
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS 1
87
2. Exotoxin – neurotoxin* with affinity for muscles of mastication
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS 2
88
3. Continuous muscle spasms Infection
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS 3
89
4. Certain amount of Necrotic tissue must be present
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS 4
90
5. NOT Communicable but infectious – no person to person transmission
CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI | CHARACTERISTICS 5
91
1. Form Endospores | 2. Exotoxin – enterotoxin in food intoxication (similar to cholera)
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) CHARACTERISTICS 12 ```
92
3. Release enzymes which eat fibrous protein, thus facilitating rate of spread of infection-fast spreading
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) CHARACTERISTICS 3 ```
93
4. Skin slip & crepitation (crackly, spongy, feels like bubble wrap) – separation of layers of skin from gas forming between layers from glucose fermentation
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) CHARACTERISTICS 4 ```
94
5. Ferments glucose – thus forming gas | 6. Normal Flora of intestinal tract (benefit during life in digestive tract)
``` CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS (WELCHII) CHARACTERISTICS 56 ```

Microbiology (7 decks)

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